nvme ssd，跟低版本windows系统不兼容

硬盘是nvme ssd的本地盘机型比如部分大数据、裸金属、高IO例如IT5等机型，用2012R2等低版本Windows系统可能会有硬盘使用问题（例如无法读写、无法分区）

微软开发低版本系统比如Win7/2008R2、Win8.1/2012R2的时候，nvme ssd还没普及，所以这些系统默认不支持nvme ssd，打补丁才行。

2012 R2磁盘识别nvme ssd 可能会有问题（公共镜像已集成补丁，自定义镜像看所用母版镜像在更新前还是更新后，更新前的话，自定义镜像创建或重装的机器不支持nvme ssd的本地盘，毕竟2012R2在2023.10就end of life了，建议还是一步到位用高版本server2022吧，server2016或server2019亦可，但不推荐，server2022各方面都更好一些，参考：https://cloud.tencent.com/developer/article/2328506）

如果微软原始URL失效，复制URL去迅雷里下载，大概率是能下载的，迅雷有缓存（之前肯定有人用迅雷下载过，迅雷那里有技术性缓存）

Win8.1/2012R2 nvme ssd 本地盘 补丁包链接

https://www.catalog.update.microsoft.com/Search.aspx?q=KB5018922

https://catalog.s.download.windowsupdate.com/c/msdownload/update/software/secu/2022/10/windows8.1-kb5018922-x86_89c862bb560e6fa744d101884431da988c8d7dd1.msu

https://catalog.s.download.windowsupdate.com/c/msdownload/update/software/secu/2022/10/windows8.1-kb5018922-x64_3aa7832b7586e11304f8fee5e09b6829b32d1833.msu

https://www.catalog.update.microsoft.com/Search.aspx?q=KB5018474

https://catalog.s.download.windowsupdate.com/d/msdownload/update/software/secu/2022/10/windows8.1-kb5018474-x86_915591a5557e013cd9a4478d55fb272f1d9db211.msu

https://catalog.s.download.windowsupdate.com/d/msdownload/update/software/secu/2022/10/windows8.1-kb5018474-x64_04d5097ac019afc70c130f027942a7f0ee9bf890.msu

Win7/2008R2 nvme ssd 本地盘 补丁包链接

https://www.dell.com/support/kbdoc/en-us/000143402/nvme-solid-state-drive-configuration-requirements-for-microsoft-hotfixs-kb2990941-kb3087873

https://www.dell.com/support/kbdoc/zh-cn/000143402/nvme-solid-state-drive-configuration-requirements-for-microsoft-hotfixs-kb2990941-kb3087873

KB2990941：After you install this hotfix, you may receive a "0x0000007E" Stop error. To fix the Stop error, install hotfix 3087873.

https://www.catalog.update.microsoft.com/Search.aspx?q=3087873

https://catalog.s.download.windowsupdate.com/d/msdownload/update/software/htfx/2015/09/windows6.1-kb3087873-v2-x64_098e3dc3e7133ba8a37b2e47260cd8cba960deb8.msu

https://catalog.s.download.windowsupdate.com/d/msdownload/update/software/htfx/2015/09/windows6.1-kb3087873-v2-x86_6e63b2150058e51f8a601c7d09a32ba61ad3254a.msu

KB2990941 迅雷直接下载地址（微软官方URL已失效。但迅雷可以） 32位： http://hotfixv4.microsoft.com/Windows%207/Windows%20Server2008%20R2%20SP1/sp2/Fix487764/7600/free/477474_intl_i386_zip.exe 64位： http://hotfixv4.microsoft.com/Windows%207/Windows%20Server2008%20R2%20SP1/sp2/Fix487764/7600/free/477475_intl_x64_zip.exe

KB3087873 迅雷直接下载地址（微软官方URL已失效。但迅雷可以） 32位： http://hotfixv4.microsoft.com/Windows%207/Windows%20Server2008%20R2%20SP1/sp2/Fix3366972/7600/free/486574_intl_i386_zip.exe 64位： http://hotfixv4.microsoft.com/Windows%207/Windows%20Server2008%20R2%20SP1/sp2/Fix3366972/7600/free/486575_intl_x64_zip.exe

下载完是个自解压包，双击会提示你解压到什么地方，如果你安装了WINRAR之类的压缩解压缩软件，也可以直接右击解压。