spring事务失效的几种情况与原因

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发布于 2023-10-16 10:18:23

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发布于 2023-10-16 10:18:23

文章被收录于专栏：多线程

spring事务失效的几种情况与原因

1.service没有托管给spring

public class TranInvalidCaseWithoutInjectSpring {
 
    private UserService userService;
 
    public TranInvalidCaseWithoutInjectSpring(UserService userService) {
        this.userService = userService;
    }
 
    @Transactional
    public boolean add(User user){
        boolean isSuccess = userService.save(user);
        int i = 1 % 0;
        return isSuccess;
    }
}

@Test
    public void testServiceWithoutInjectSpring(){
        boolean randomBoolean = new Random().nextBoolean();
        TranInvalidCaseWithoutInjectSpring tranInvalidCaseWithoutInjectSpring;
        if(randomBoolean){
            tranInvalidCaseWithoutInjectSpring = applicationContext.getBean(TranInvalidCaseWithoutInjectSpring.class);
            System.out.println("service已经被spring托管");
        }else{
            tranInvalidCaseWithoutInjectSpring = new TranInvalidCaseWithoutInjectSpring(userService);
            System.out.println("service没被spring托管");
        }
 
        boolean isSuccess = tranInvalidCaseWithoutInjectSpring.add(user);
        Assert.assertTrue(isSuccess);
 
    }

失效原因： spring事务生效的前提是，service必须是一个bean对象

解决方案：将service注入spring

2.抛出受检异常

@Service
public class TranInvalidCaseByThrowCheckException {
 
    @Autowired
    private UserService userService;
 
 
    @Transactional
    public boolean add(User user) throws FileNotFoundException {
        boolean isSuccess = userService.save(user);
        new FileInputStream("1.txt");
        return isSuccess;
    }
    }

 @Test
    public void testThrowCheckException() throws Exception{
        boolean randomBoolean = new Random().nextBoolean();
        boolean isSuccess = false;
        TranInvalidCaseByThrowCheckException tranInvalidCaseByThrowCheckException = applicationContext.getBean(TranInvalidCaseByThrowCheckException.class);
        if(randomBoolean){
            System.out.println("配置@Transactional(rollbackFor = Exception.class)");
            isSuccess = tranInvalidCaseByThrowCheckException.save(user);
        }else{
            System.out.println("配置@Transactional");
            tranInvalidCaseByThrowCheckException.add(user);
        }
 
        Assert.assertTrue(isSuccess);
 
    }

失效原因： spring默认只会回滚非检查异常和error异常

解决方案：配置rollbackFor

3.业务自己捕获了异常

 @Transactional
    public boolean add(User user) {
        boolean isSuccess = userService.save(user);
        try {
            int i = 1 % 0;
        } catch (Exception e) {
 
        }
        return isSuccess;
    }

  @Test
    public void testCatchExecption() throws Exception{
        boolean randomBoolean = new Random().nextBoolean();
        boolean isSuccess = false;
        TranInvalidCaseWithCatchException tranInvalidCaseByThrowCheckException = applicationContext.getBean(TranInvalidCaseWithCatchException.class);
        if(randomBoolean){
            randomBoolean = new Random().nextBoolean();
            if(randomBoolean){
                System.out.println("将异常原样抛出");
                tranInvalidCaseByThrowCheckException.save(user);
            }else{
                System.out.println("设置TransactionAspectSupport.currentTransactionStatus().setRollbackOnly();");
                tranInvalidCaseByThrowCheckException.addWithRollBack(user);
            }
        }else{
            System.out.println("业务自己捕获了异常");
            tranInvalidCaseByThrowCheckException.add(user);
        }
 
        Assert.assertTrue(isSuccess);
 
    }

失效原因： spring事务只有捕捉到了业务抛出去的异常，才能进行后续的处理，如果业务自己捕获了异常，则事务无法感知。

解决方案： 1、将异常原样抛出； 2、设置TransactionAspectSupport.currentTransactionStatus().setRollbackOnly();

4.切面顺序导致

@Service
public class TranInvalidCaseWithAopSort {
 
    @Autowired
    private UserService userService;
 
    @Transactional
    public boolean save(User user) {
        boolean isSuccess = userService.save(user);
        try {
            int i = 1 % 0;
        } catch (Exception e) {
            throw new RuntimeException();
        }
        return isSuccess;
    }
 
 
 
}

@Aspect
@Component
@Slf4j
public class AopAspect {
 
 
    @Around(value = " execution (* com.github.lybgeek.transcase.aopsort..*.*(..))")
    public Object around(ProceedingJoinPoint pjp){
 
        try {
            System.out.println("这是一个切面");
           return pjp.proceed();
        } catch (Throwable throwable) {
            log.error("{}",throwable);
        }
 
        return null;
    }
}

失效原因： spring事务切面的优先级顺序最低，但如果自定义的切面优先级和他一样，且自定义的切面没有正确处理异常，则会同业务自己捕获异常的那种场景一样

解决方案： 1、在切面中将异常原样抛出； 2、在切面中设置TransactionAspectSupport.currentTransactionStatus().setRollbackOnly();

5.非public方法

@Service
public class TranInvalidCaseWithAccessPerm {
 
        @Autowired
        private UserService userService;
 
        @Transactional
        protected boolean save(User user){
            boolean isSuccess = userService.save(user);
            try {
                int i = 1 % 0;
            } catch (Exception e) {
                throw new RuntimeException();
            }
            return isSuccess;
        }
 
}

public class TranInvalidCaseWithAccessPermTest {
 
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        ConfigurableApplicationContext context = SpringApplication.run(Application.class);
        TranInvalidCaseWithAccessPerm tranInvalidCaseWithAccessPerm = context.getBean(TranInvalidCaseWithAccessPerm.class);
        boolean isSuccess = tranInvalidCaseWithAccessPerm.save(UserUtils.getUser());
 
        System.out.println(isSuccess);
 
    }
}

失效原因： spring事务默认生效的方法权限都必须为public

解决方案：

1、将方法改为public；

2、修改TansactionAttributeSource,将publicMethodsOnly改为false

6.父子容器

失效原因：子容器扫描范围过大，将未加事务配置的serivce扫描进来

解决方案： 1、父子容器个扫个的范围； 2、不用父子容器，所有bean都交给同一容器管理

注：因为示例是使用springboot，而springboot启动默认没有父子容器,只有一个容器，因此就该场景就演示示例了

7.方法用final修饰

    @Transactional
    public final boolean add(User user, UserService userService) {
        boolean isSuccess = userService.save(user);
        try {
            int i = 1 % 0;
        } catch (Exception e) {
            throw new RuntimeException();
        }
        return isSuccess;
    }

失效原因：因为spring事务是用动态代理实现，因此如果方法使用了final修饰，则代理类无法对目标方法进行重写，植入事务功能

解决方案： 1、方法不要用final修饰

8.方法用static修饰

  @Transactional
    public static boolean save(User user, UserService userService) {
        boolean isSuccess = userService.save(user);
        try {
            int i = 1 % 0;
        } catch (Exception e) {
            throw new RuntimeException();
        }
        return isSuccess;
    }

失效原因：原因和final一样

解决方案： 1、方法不要用static修饰

9.调用本类方法

  public boolean save(User user) {
        return this.saveUser(user);
    }
 
    @Transactional
    public boolean saveUser(User user) {
        boolean isSuccess = userService.save(user);
        try {
            int i = 1 % 0;
        } catch (Exception e) {
            throw new RuntimeException();
        }
        return isSuccess;
    }

失效原因：本类方法不经过代理，无法进行增强

解决方案： 1、注入自己来调用； 2、使用@EnableAspectJAutoProxy(exposeProxy = true) + AopContext.currentProxy()

10.多线程调用

 @Transactional(rollbackFor = Exception.class)
    public boolean save(User user) throws ExecutionException, InterruptedException {
 
        Future<Boolean> future = executorService.submit(() -> {
            boolean isSuccess = userService.save(user);
            try {
                int i = 1 % 0;
            } catch (Exception e) {
                throw new Exception();
            }
            return isSuccess;
        });
        return future.get();
 
 
    }

失效原因：因为spring的事务是通过数据库连接来实现，而数据库连接spring是放在threadLocal里面。同一个事务，只能用同一个数据库连接。而多线程场景下，拿到的数据库连接是不一样的，即是属于不同事务

11.错误的传播行为

 @Transactional(propagation = Propagation.NOT_SUPPORTED)
    public boolean save(User user) {
        boolean isSuccess = userService.save(user);
        try {
            int i = 1 % 0;
        } catch (Exception e) {
            throw new RuntimeException();
        }
        return isSuccess;
    }

失效原因：使用的传播特性不支持事务

12.使用了不支持事务的存储引擎

失效原因：使用了不支持事务的存储引擎。比如mysql中的MyISAM

13.数据源没有配置事务管理器

注：因为springboot，他默认已经开启事务管理器。org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.jdbc.DataSourceTransactionManagerAutoConfiguration。因此示例略过

14.被代理的类过早实例化

@Service
public class TranInvalidCaseInstantiatedTooEarly implements BeanPostProcessor , Ordered {
 
    @Autowired
    private UserService userService;
 
 
    @Transactional
    public boolean save(User user) {
        boolean isSuccess = userService.save(user);
        try {
            int i = 1 % 0;
        } catch (Exception e) {
            throw new RuntimeException();
        }
        return isSuccess;
    }
 
    @Override
    public int getOrder() {
        return 1;
    }
}

失效原因：当代理类的实例化早于AbstractAutoProxyCreator后置处理器，就无法被AbstractAutoProxyCreator后置处理器增强