Spring Cloud Stream是用于构建与共享消息传递系统连接的高度可伸缩的事件驱动微服务框架,该框架提供了一个灵活的编程模型,它建立在已经建立和熟悉的Spring熟语和最佳实践上,包括支持持久化的发布/订阅、消费组以及消息分区这三个核心概念
比方说我们用到了RabbitMQ和Kafka,由于这两个消息中间件的架构上的不同, 像RabbitMQ有exchange,kafka有Topic和Partitions分区
这些中间件的差异性导致我们实际项目开发给我们造成了一定的困扰,我们如果用了两个消息队列的其中一种,后面的业务需求,我想往另外一种消息队列进行迁移,这时候无疑就是一个灾难性的,一大堆东西都要重新推倒重新做,因为它跟我们的系统耦合了,这时候springcloud Stream给我们提供了一种解耦合的方式。
在没有绑定器这个概念的情况下,我们的SpringBoot应用要直接与消息中间件进行信息交互的时候,由于各消息中间件构建的初衷不同,它们的实现细节上会有较大的差异性,通过定义绑定器作为中间层,完美地实现了应用程序与消息中间件细节之间的隔离。 Stream对消息中间件的进一步封装,可以做到代码层面对中间件的无感知,甚至于动态的切换中间件(rabbitmq切换为kafka),使得微服务开发的高度解耦,服务可以关注更多自己的业务流程
上文中《SpringCloud Bus消息总线》已经完成对RabbitMQ环境的本地搭建
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0"
xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd">
<parent>
<artifactId>cloud2023</artifactId>
<groupId>top.ljzstudy.springcloud</groupId>
<version>1.0-SNAPSHOT</version>
</parent>
<modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>
<artifactId>cloud-stream-rabbitmq-provider8801</artifactId>
<dependencies>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-boot-starter-web</artifactId>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-boot-starter-actuator</artifactId>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework.cloud</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-cloud-starter-netflix-eureka-client</artifactId>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework.cloud</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-cloud-starter-stream-rabbit</artifactId>
</dependency>
<!--基础配置-->
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-boot-devtools</artifactId>
<scope>runtime</scope>
<optional>true</optional>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.projectlombok</groupId>
<artifactId>lombok</artifactId>
<optional>true</optional>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-boot-starter-test</artifactId>
<scope>test</scope>
</dependency>
</dependencies>
</project>
server:
port: 8801
spring:
application:
name: cloud-stream-provider
rabbitmq:
host: localhost
port: 5672
username: guest
password: guest
cloud:
stream:
binders: # 在此处配置要绑定的rabbitmq的服务信息;
defaultRabbit: # 表示定义的名称,用于于binding整合
type: rabbit # 消息组件类型
# environment: # 设置rabbitmq的相关的环境配置
# spring:
# rabbitmq:
# host: localhost
# port: 5672
# username: guest
# password: guest
bindings: # 服务的整合处理
output: # 这个名字是一个通道的名称
destination: studyExchange # 表示要使用的Exchange名称定义
content-type: application/json # 设置消息类型,本次为json,文本则设置“text/plain”
# binder: defaultRabbit # 设置要绑定的消息服务的具体设置
eureka:
client: # 客户端进行Eureka注册的配置
service-url:
defaultZone: http://localhost:7001/eureka
instance:
lease-renewal-interval-in-seconds: 2 # 设置心跳的时间间隔(默认是30秒)
lease-expiration-duration-in-seconds: 5 # 如果现在超过了5秒的间隔(默认是90秒)
instance-id: send-8801.com # 在信息列表时显示主机名称
prefer-ip-address: true # 访问的路径变为IP地址
management:
health:
rabbit:
enabled: false
package top.ljzstudy.springcloud;
import org.springframework.boot.SpringApplication;
import org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.SpringBootApplication;
@SpringBootApplication
public class StreamMQMain8801 {
public static void main(String[] args) {
SpringApplication.run(StreamMQMain8801.class, args);
}
}
package top.ljzstudy.springcloud.serivice;
public interface MyMessageProvider {
String send();
}
package top.ljzstudy.springcloud.serivice.impl;
import lombok.extern.slf4j.Slf4j;
import org.springframework.cloud.stream.annotation.EnableBinding;
import org.springframework.cloud.stream.messaging.Source;
import org.springframework.messaging.MessageChannel;
import org.springframework.messaging.support.MessageBuilder;
import top.ljzstudy.springcloud.serivice.MyMessageProvider;
import javax.annotation.Resource;
import java.util.UUID;
@Slf4j
@EnableBinding(Source.class)//定义消息推送通道,开启Channel和Exchange进行绑定
public class MyMessageProviderImpl implements MyMessageProvider {
@Resource
private MessageChannel output;//消息发出管道
@Override
public String send() {
String serial = UUID.randomUUID().toString();
output.send(MessageBuilder.withPayload(serial).build());
log.info("******serial"+serial);
return serial;
}
}
package top.ljzstudy.springcloud.controller;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.GetMapping;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RestController;
import top.ljzstudy.springcloud.serivice.MyMessageProvider;
import javax.annotation.Resource;
@RestController
public class SendMessageController {
@Resource
private MyMessageProvider myMessageProvider;
@GetMapping(value="/sendMessage")
public String sendMessage(){
return myMessageProvider.send();
}
}
rabbitmq-plugins enable rabbitmq_management
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0"
xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd">
<parent>
<artifactId>cloud2023</artifactId>
<groupId>top.ljzstudy.springcloud</groupId>
<version>1.0-SNAPSHOT</version>
</parent>
<modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>
<artifactId>cloud-provider-payment8002</artifactId>
<dependencies>
<!--eureka-client-->
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework.cloud</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-cloud-starter-netflix-eureka-client</artifactId>
</dependency>
<dependency><!-- 引入自己定义的api通用包,可以使用Payment支付Entity -->
<groupId>top.ljzstudy.springcloud</groupId>
<artifactId>cloud-api-commons</artifactId>
<version>1.0-SNAPSHOT</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-boot-starter-web</artifactId>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-boot-starter-actuator</artifactId>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.mybatis.spring.boot</groupId>
<artifactId>mybatis-spring-boot-starter</artifactId>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>com.alibaba</groupId>
<artifactId>druid-spring-boot-starter</artifactId>
<version>1.1.10</version>
</dependency>
<!--mysql-connector-java-->
<dependency>
<groupId>mysql</groupId>
<artifactId>mysql-connector-java</artifactId>
</dependency>
<!--jdbc-->
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-boot-starter-jdbc</artifactId>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-boot-devtools</artifactId>
<scope>runtime</scope>
<optional>true</optional>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.projectlombok</groupId>
<artifactId>lombok</artifactId>
<optional>true</optional>
</dependency>
</dependencies>
</project>
server:
port: 8802
spring:
application:
name: cloud-stream-consumer
rabbitmq:
host: localhost
port: 5672
username: guest
password: guest
cloud:
stream:
binders: # 在此处配置要绑定的rabbitmq的服务信息;
defaultRabbit: # 表示定义的名称,用于于binding整合
type: rabbit # 消息组件类型
# environment: # 设置rabbitmq的相关的环境配置
# spring:
# rabbitmq:
# host: localhost
# port: 5672
# username: guest
# password: guest
bindings: # 服务的整合处理
input: # 这个名字是一个通道的名称
destination: studyExchange # 表示要使用的Exchange名称定义
content-type: application/json # 设置消息类型,本次为json,文本则设置“text/plain”
# binder: defaultRabbit # 设置要绑定的消息服务的具体设置
eureka:
client: # 客户端进行Eureka注册的配置
service-url:
defaultZone: http://localhost:7001/eureka
instance:
lease-renewal-interval-in-seconds: 2 # 设置心跳的时间间隔(默认是30秒)
lease-expiration-duration-in-seconds: 5 # 如果现在超过了5秒的间隔(默认是90秒)
instance-id: receive-8802.com # 在信息列表时显示主机名称
prefer-ip-address: true # 访问的路径变为IP地址
management:
health:
rabbit:
enabled: false
package top.ljzstudy.springcloud;
import org.springframework.boot.SpringApplication;
import org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.SpringBootApplication;
@SpringBootApplication
public class StreamMQMain8802 {
public static void main(String[] args) {
SpringApplication.run(StreamMQMain8802.class, args);
}
}
package top.ljzstudy.springcloud.service;
import lombok.extern.slf4j.Slf4j;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Value;
import org.springframework.cloud.stream.annotation.EnableBinding;
import org.springframework.cloud.stream.annotation.StreamListener;
import org.springframework.cloud.stream.messaging.Sink;
import org.springframework.messaging.Message;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Component;
@Slf4j
@Component
@EnableBinding(Sink.class)
public class ReceiveMessageListener {
@Value("${server.port}")
private String serverPort;
@StreamListener(Sink.INPUT)
public void input(Message<String> message){
log.info("消费者1号,--->接受到的消息: "+message.getPayload()+"\t port: "+serverPort);
}
}
# 新增配置
spring:
cloud:
stream:
bindings: # 服务的整合处理
input: # 这个名字是一个通道的名称
group: ljzstudy_group1
# 新增配置
spring:
cloud:
stream:
bindings: # 服务的整合处理
input: # 这个名字是一个通道的名称
group: ljzstudy_group2
# 新增配置
spring:
cloud:
stream:
bindings: # 服务的整合处理
input: # 这个名字是一个通道的名称
group: ljzstudy