微信模拟个人号itchat库使用教程
原创
前言
chatgpt的这把火也把QQ机器人，WX机器人，WEB机器人各种智能问答类的应用带火了。
发现了一个itchat的开源项目，也有比较详细的资料，本文着手来玩一下itchat，下文是在把玩itchat时做的记录整理下来的结晶。
参考资料
1、itchat 官方文档
https://itchat.readthedocs.io/zh/latest/
2、itchat开源项目仓库地址
https://github.com/littlecodersh/itchat
安装itchat开发&运行环境
首先你的电脑环境安装了最新的python环境和pip.下文就默认为你已经安装好了。
1、通过pip 安装itchat
pip install itchat开发案例
1、创建一个chat.py
touch chat.py2、引入itchat库
import itchat3、测试是否成功
(base) zhenghui@zh-pc:/media/zhenghui/软件/project/pyProject/qianfan/itchat$
(base) zhenghui@zh-pc:/media/zhenghui/软件/project/pyProject/qianfan/itchat$
(base) zhenghui@zh-pc:/media/zhenghui/软件/project/pyProject/qianfan/itchat$ python3 chat.py
(base) zhenghui@zh-pc:/media/zhenghui/软件/project/pyProject/qianfan/itchat$ 如果什么都没打印，就成功了。
例如出现如下所示的提示就说明没安装成功：
(base) zhenghui@zh-pc:/media/zhenghui/软件/project/pyProject/qianfan/itchat$ python3 chat.py
Traceback (most recent call last):
File "/media/zhenghui/软件/project/pyProject/qianfan/itchat/chat.py", line 1, in <module>
import itchat1
ModuleNotFoundError: No module named 'itchat1'
(base) zhenghui@zh-pc:/media/zhenghui/软件/project/pyProject/qianfan/itchat$ 如果没安装成功，可以先尝试把pip升级
(base) zhenghui@zh-pc:/media/zhenghui/软件/project/pyProject/qianfan/itchat$ pip install --upgrade pip
Looking in indexes: https://pypi.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/simple
Requirement already satisfied: pip in /media/zhenghui/软件/anaconda3/lib/python3.10/site-packages (23.2.1)
Collecting pip
Downloading https://pypi.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/packages/47/6a/453160888fab7c6a432a6e25f8afe6256d0d9f2cbd25971021da6491d899/pip-23.3.1-py3-none-any.whl (2.1 MB)
━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━ 2.1/2.1 MB 2.0 MB/s eta 0:00:00
Installing collected packages: pip
Attempting uninstall: pip
Found existing installation: pip 23.2.1
Uninstalling pip-23.2.1:
Successfully uninstalled pip-23.2.1
Successfully installed pip-23.3.1
(base) zhenghui@zh-pc:/media/zhenghui/软件/project/pyProject/qianfan/itchat$然后再安装itchat
对了，我还遇到了版本过低的问题，可以升级一下itchat:
(base) zhenghui@zh-pc:/media/zhenghui/软件/project/pyProject/qianfan/itchat$ pip install --upgrade itchat
Looking in indexes: https://pypi.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/simple
Requirement already satisfied: itchat in /media/zhenghui/软件/anaconda3/lib/python3.10/site-packages (1.3.10)
Requirement already satisfied: requests in /media/zhenghui/软件/anaconda3/lib/python3.10/site-packages (from itchat) (2.30.0)
Requirement already satisfied: pyqrcode in /media/zhenghui/软件/anaconda3/lib/python3.10/site-packages (from itchat) (1.2.1)
Requirement already satisfied: pypng in /media/zhenghui/软件/anaconda3/lib/python3.10/site-packages (from itchat) (0.20220715.0)
Requirement already satisfied: charset-normalizer<4,>=2 in /media/zhenghui/软件/anaconda3/lib/python3.10/site-packages (from requests->itchat) (2.0.4)
Requirement already satisfied: idna<4,>=2.5 in /media/zhenghui/软件/anaconda3/lib/python3.10/site-packages (from requests->itchat) (3.4)
Requirement already satisfied: urllib3<3,>=1.21.1 in /media/zhenghui/软件/anaconda3/lib/python3.10/site-packages (from requests->itchat) (2.0.3)
Requirement already satisfied: certifi>=2017.4.17 in /media/zhenghui/软件/anaconda3/lib/python3.10/site-packages (from requests->itchat) (2022.12.7)
(base) zhenghui@zh-pc:/media/zhenghui/软件/project/pyProject/qianfan/itchat$ 4、创建登陆代码
import itchat
itchat.auto_login()
短短两行代码就能成功，并且可以微信扫码，惊讶到我了。
手机微信扫码后，就会出现如下界面：
5、给自己的文件助手发消息
代码只需要一行：
itchat.send('Hello, filehelper', toUserName='filehelper')一行代码就可以给文件助手发送消息
6、发送文本消息：
# 发送文本消息给指定好友（通过备注名或昵称）
friend = itchat.search_friends(name="好友的昵称")[0]
itchat.send("Hello, friend!", toUserName=friend['UserName'])7、接收消息
@itchat.msg_register(itchat.content.TEXT)
def text_reply(msg):
# 收到文本消息时的回复
itchat.send("I received: {}".format(msg['Text']), toUserName=msg['FromUserName'])
# 运行itchat
itchat.run()上述代码中，@itchat.msg_register(itchat.content.TEXT) 装饰器用于注册消息处理函数。在这个例子中，当收到文本消息时，会调用 text_reply 函数发送回复消息。
8、获取好友列表
friends = itchat.get_friends()
for friend in friends:
print("昵称: {}, 备注: {}".format(friend['NickName'], friend['RemarkName']))9、获取群聊消息
chatrooms = itchat.get_chatrooms()
for chatroom in chatrooms:
print("群聊名称: {}, 群聊ID: {}".format(chatroom['NickName'], chatroom['UserName']))10、监听其他的消息
@itchat.msg_register(itchat.content.FRIENDS)
def add_friend(msg):
# 自动接受好友请求
itchat.add_friend(**msg['Text'])
itchat.send_msg('Nice to meet you!', msg['RecommendInfo']['UserName'])
@itchat.msg_register(itchat.content.TEXT, isGroupChat=True)
def text_reply(msg):
# 在群聊中接收文本消息
print(msg['ActualNickName'], ":", msg['Text'])11、登出和完成后调用特定的方法
def lc():
print('finish login')
def ec():
print('exit')
itchat.auto_login(loginCallback=lc, exitCallback=ec)
time.sleep(3)
itchat.logout()完整实例代码如下：
#coding=utf8
import itchat
# tuling plugin can be get here:
# https://github.com/littlecodersh/EasierLife/tree/master/Plugins/Tuling
from tuling import get_response
@itchat.msg_register('Text')
def text_reply(msg):
if u'作者' in msg['Text'] or u'主人' in msg['Text']:
return u'你可以在这里了解他：https://github.com/littlecodersh'
elif u'源代码' in msg['Text'] or u'获取文件' in msg['Text']:
itchat.send('@fil@main.py', msg['FromUserName'])
return u'这就是现在机器人后台的代码，是不是很简单呢？'
elif u'获取图片' in msg['Text']:
itchat.send('@img@applaud.gif', msg['FromUserName']) # there should be a picture
else:
return get_response(msg['Text']) or u'收到：' + msg['Text']
@itchat.msg_register(['Picture', 'Recording', 'Attachment', 'Video'])
def atta_reply(msg):
return ({ 'Picture': u'图片', 'Recording': u'录音',
'Attachment': u'附件', 'Video': u'视频', }.get(msg['Type']) +
u'已下载到本地') # download function is: msg['Text'](msg['FileName'])
@itchat.msg_register(['Map', 'Card', 'Note', 'Sharing'])
def mm_reply(msg):
if msg['Type'] == 'Map':
return u'收到位置分享'
elif msg['Type'] == 'Sharing':
return u'收到分享' + msg['Text']
elif msg['Type'] == 'Note':
return u'收到：' + msg['Text']
elif msg['Type'] == 'Card':
return u'收到好友信息：' + msg['Text']['Alias']
@itchat.msg_register('Text', isGroupChat = True)
def group_reply(msg):
if msg['isAt']:
return u'@%s\u2005%s' % (msg['ActualNickName'],
get_response(msg['Text']) or u'收到：' + msg['Text'])
@itchat.msg_register('Friends')
def add_friend(msg):
itchat.add_friend(**msg['Text'])
itchat.send_msg(u'项目主页：github.com/littlecodersh/ItChat\n'
+ u'源代码 ：回复源代码\n' + u'图片获取：回复获取图片\n'
+ u'欢迎Star我的项目关注更新！', msg['RecommendInfo']['UserName'])
itchat.auto_login(True, enableCmdQR=True)
itchat.run()原创声明：本文系作者授权腾讯云开发者社区发表，未经许可，不得转载。
如有侵权，请联系 cloudcommunity@tencent.com 删除。
原创声明：本文系作者授权腾讯云开发者社区发表，未经许可，不得转载。
如有侵权，请联系 cloudcommunity@tencent.com 删除。
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