玩转企业云计算平台系列（十五）：Openstack 计费服务 Cloudkitty

民工哥

发布于 2024-01-18 15:47:38

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发布于 2024-01-18 15:47:38

文章被收录于专栏：民工哥技术之路民工哥技术之路

Cloudkitty 服务介绍

OpenStack 计费服务（CloudKitty）是一个用于云计算资源计费和成本管理的工具。

假设你去一家自助餐厅吃饭，餐厅提供了各种不同的食物和饮料选择。你可以根据自己的需求选择不同的食物和饮料，然后在结账时按照你所选择的食物和饮料的种类和数量付费。

OpenStack 就是这家自助餐厅，它提供了各种云计算资源，比如虚拟机、存储和网络等。你可以根据自己的需求选择使用这些资源。

而计费服务（CloudKitty）就像是这家自助餐厅的收银台。它会记录你使用的资源种类和数量，并根据预定的计费规则计算出相应的费用。这些计费规则可以根据不同的资源类型和使用方式进行定制，以确保计费的准确性。当你使用完资源后，计费服务会生成一份详细的费用报告，告诉你每个资源的使用情况和相应的费用。这样，你就可以清楚地知道自己使用了哪些资源以及需要支付多少费用。

CloudKitty 架构

CloudKitty 可以分为四大部分：

Data retrieval (API) 数据检索
Data collection (cloudkitty-processor) 数据收集
Data rating 数据评级
Data storage 数据存储

这些部分由两个进程处理：数据检索部分由进程cloudkitty-api处理，其他部分由 cloudkitty-processor 处理。

安装准备

在安装计费服务之前，你必须创建数据库、服务凭证和 API 端点

创建数据库

①连接数据库

[root@controller ~]# mysql -uroot -p000000

②创建cloudkitty数据库

MariaDB [(none)]> CREATE DATABASE cloudkitty;

③授权

MariaDB [(none)]> GRANT ALL PRIVILEGES ON cloudkitty.* TO 'cloudkitty'@'localhost' IDENTIFIED BY '000000';
MariaDB [(none)]> GRANT ALL PRIVILEGES ON cloudkitty.* TO 'cloudkitty'@'%' IDENTIFIED BY '000000';

加载admin user 环境变量

[root@controller ~]# source admin-openrc.sh

创建服务凭证

①创建cloudkitty用户

[root@controller ~]# openstack user create  --domain default  --password 000000 cloudkitty
+---------------------+----------------------------------+
| Field               | Value                            |
+---------------------+----------------------------------+
| domain_id           | default                          |
| enabled             | True                             |
| id                  | cc3f9652fe0a4d1c9dccbf5e8895fe4d |
| name                | cloudkitty                       |
| options             | {}                               |
| password_expires_at | None                             |
+---------------------+----------------------------------+

②admin为用户添加角色cloudkitty

[root@controller ~]# openstack role add --project service --user cloudkitty admin

③创建cloudkitty服务实体

[root@controller ~]# openstack service create rating --name cloudkitty --description "OpenStack Rating Service"
+-------------+----------------------------------+
| Field       | Value                            |
+-------------+----------------------------------+
| description | OpenStack Rating Service         |
| enabled     | True                             |
| id          | 9ca3f04eed7a4adea7078dac141c2007 |
| name        | cloudkitty                       |
| type        | rating                           |
+-------------+----------------------------------+

创建计费服务的API端点

[root@controller ~]# openstack endpoint create rating --region RegionOne public http://localhost:8889
+--------------+----------------------------------+
| Field        | Value                            |
+--------------+----------------------------------+
| enabled      | True                             |
| id           | a7ff561d0cb243d78c0e88da764263b9 |
| interface    | public                           |
| region       | RegionOne                        |
| region_id    | RegionOne                        |
| service_id   | 9ca3f04eed7a4adea7078dac141c2007 |
| service_name | cloudkitty                       |
| service_type | rating                           |
| url          | http://localhost:8889            |
+--------------+----------------------------------+

[root@controller ~]# openstack endpoint create rating --region RegionOne admin http://localhost:8889
+--------------+----------------------------------+
| Field        | Value                            |
+--------------+----------------------------------+
| enabled      | True                             |
| id           | 51adf8bf193142be8f91f5b62fb3c03c |
| interface    | admin                            |
| region       | RegionOne                        |
| region_id    | RegionOne                        |
| service_id   | 9ca3f04eed7a4adea7078dac141c2007 |
| service_name | cloudkitty                       |
| service_type | rating                           |
| url          | http://localhost:8889            |
+--------------+----------------------------------+

[root@controller ~]# openstack endpoint create rating --region RegionOne internal http://localhost:8889
+--------------+----------------------------------+
| Field        | Value                            |
+--------------+----------------------------------+
| enabled      | True                             |
| id           | 96611c2b428442578151859473d12e06 |
| interface    | internal                         |
| region       | RegionOne                        |
| region_id    | RegionOne                        |
| service_id   | 9ca3f04eed7a4adea7078dac141c2007 |
| service_name | cloudkitty                       |
| service_type | rating                           |
| url          | http://localhost:8889            |
+--------------+----------------------------------+

安装和配置Cloudkitty组件

安装软件

[root@controller ~]# yum install openstack-cloudkitty-api openstack-cloudkitty-processor openstack-cloudkitty-ui  -y

配置文件

编辑/etc/cloudkitty/cloudkitty.conf

①在[DEFAULT]部分

[DEFAULT]
verbose = true
debug = false
log_dir = /var/log/cloudkitty
transport_url = rabbit://openstack:000000@controller
auth_strategy = keystone

②在[keystone_authtoken] [ks_auth]部分

[keystone_authtoken]
auth_section = ks_auth

[ks_auth]
www_authenticate_uri = http://controller:5000
auth_type = password
auth_protocol = http
auth_url = http://controller:5000/v3
identity_uri = http://controller:5000/
username = cloudkitty
password = 000000
project_name = service
user_domain_name = default
project_domain_name = default
region_name = RegionOne

③在[database]部分

[database]
connection = mysql+pymysql://cloudkitty:000000@controller/cloudkitty

④在[storage]部分

[storage]
version = 2
backend = influxdb

⑤在[storage_influxdb]部分

[storage_influxdb]
username = cloudkitty
password = 000000
database = cloudkitty
host = controller

⑥在[fetcher]部分

[fetcher]
backend = gnocchi

⑦在[fetcher_gnocchi]部分

[fetcher_gnocchi]
auth_section = ks_auth
region_name = RegionOne

⑧在[collect]部分

[collect]
collector = gnocchi

⑨在[collector_gnocchi]部分

[collector_gnocchi]
auth_section = ks_auth
region_name = RegionOne

influxdb安装配置

#下载软件
[root@controller ~]# yum install -y wget
[root@controller ~]# wget https://dl.influxdata.com/influxdb/releases/influxdb-1.8.0.x86_64.rpm
[root@controller ~]# yum localinstall influxdb-1.8.0.x86_64.rpm -y

#重启influxdb服务
root@controller ~]# systemctl restart influxdb.service && systemctl enable influxdb.service

#创建influxdb数据库和user
[root@controller ~]# influx -execute "create database cloudkitty"
[root@controller ~]# influx -execute "create user cloudkitty with password '000000' with all privileges"

运行数据库同步脚本和初始数据库

[root@controller ~]# cloudkitty-dbsync upgrade
[root@controller ~]# cloudkitty-storage-init

修改服务文件

[root@controller ~]# vim /usr/lib/systemd/system/cloudkitty-api.service
[Service]
....
ExecStart=/usr/bin/cloudkitty-api --port 8889 -- --logfile /var/log/cloudkitty/api.log --config-file /etc/cloudkitty/cloudkitty.conf

软链接

[root@controller ~]# ln -sf /usr/lib/python2.7/site-packages/cloudkittydashboard/enabled/_[0-9]*.py /usr/share/openstack-dashboard/openstack_dashboard/enabled/

# 将 CloudKitty 仪表盘的配置文件链接到 OpenStack Dashboard 中
# 使得可以在 OpenStack Dashboard 中访问和使用 CloudKitty 仪表盘的功能

重启HTTPD

[root@controller ~]# systemctl restart httpd

完成安装

[root@controller ~]# systemctl enable cloudkitty-api cloudkitty-processor && systemctl restart cloudkitty-api cloudkitty-processor

验证

列出可用模块

[root@controller ~]# cloudkitty module list
+-----------+---------+----------+
| Module    | Enabled | Priority |
+-----------+---------+----------+
| noop      | True    |        1 |
| hashmap   | True    |        1 |
| pyscripts | False   |        1 |
+-----------+---------+----------+

启用 hashmap 评分模块

[root@controller ~]# cloudkitty module enable hashmap
+---------+---------+----------+
| Module  | Enabled | Priority |
+---------+---------+----------+
| hashmap | True    |        1 |
+---------+---------+----------+

禁用 pyscripts 评级模块

[root@controller ~]# cloudkitty module disable pyscripts
+-----------+---------+----------+
| Module    | Enabled | Priority |
+-----------+---------+----------+
| pyscripts | False   |        1 |
+-----------+---------+----------+

设置优先级

将 hashmap 评分模块优先级设置为 100

[root@controller ~]# cloudkitty module set priority hashmap 100
+---------+---------+----------+
| Module  | Enabled | Priority |
+---------+---------+----------+
| hashmap | True    |      100 |
+---------+---------+----------+

案例

创建 volume_thresholds 组，创建服务匹配规则 volume.size，并设置每 GB 的价格为 0.01。
在组 volume_thresholds 中创建阈值，设置若超过 50GB 的阈值，应用 2%的折扣（0.98）。

创建hashmap service

[root@controller ~]# openstack rating  hashmap service create volume.size 
+-------------+--------------------------------------+
| Name        | Service ID                           |
+-------------+--------------------------------------+
| volume.size | 0f91430f-e017-46ca-985f-b741fe73fd62 |
+-------------+--------------------------------------+

创建hashmap service group

[root@controller ~]# openstack rating hashmap group create  volume_thresholds
+-------------------+--------------------------------------+
| Name              | Group ID                             |
+-------------------+--------------------------------------+
| volume_thresholds | 28c2699d-f8a9-4771-beeb-0c6c8f7d3352 |
+-------------------+--------------------------------------+

创建volume单价

[root@controller ~]# openstack rating hashmap mapping create -s 0f91430f-e017-46ca-985f-b741fe73fd62 -g 28c2699d-f8a9-4771-beeb-0c6c8f7d3352 -t flat 0.01
+--------------------------------------+-------+------------+------+----------+--------------------------------------+--------------------------------------+------------+
| Mapping ID                           | Value | Cost       | Type | Field ID | Service ID                           | Group ID                             | Project ID |
+--------------------------------------+-------+------------+------+----------+--------------------------------------+--------------------------------------+------------+
| 8976be2d-3a55-4c89-87a9-b63614d6a4e4 | None  | 0.01000000 | flat | None     | 0f91430f-e017-46ca-985f-b741fe73fd62 | 28c2699d-f8a9-4771-beeb-0c6c8f7d3352 | None       |
+--------------------------------------+-------+------------+------+----------+--------------------------------------+--------------------------------------+------------+

创建service rule

[root@controller ~]# openstack rating hashmap threshold create -s 0f91430f-e017-46ca-985f-b741fe73fd62 -g 28c2699d-f8a9-4771-beeb-0c6c8f7d3352 -t rate 50 0.98
+--------------------------------------+-------------+------------+------+----------+--------------------------------------+--------------------------------------+------------+
| Threshold ID                         | Level       | Cost       | Type | Field ID | Service ID                           | Group ID                             | Project ID |
+--------------------------------------+-------------+------------+------+----------+--------------------------------------+--------------------------------------+------------+
| b054d060-4db1-4983-b0e3-7fa7bc6cb90b | 50.00000000 | 0.98000000 | rate | None     | 0f91430f-e017-46ca-985f-b741fe73fd62 | 28c2699d-f8a9-4771-beeb-0c6c8f7d3352 | None       |
+--------------------------------------+-------------+------------+------+----------+--------------------------------------+--------------------------------------+------------+