腾讯大数据面试SQL-微信运动步数在好友中的排名
一、题目
有两个表，朋友关系表user_friend，用户步数表user_steps。朋友关系表包含两个字段，用户id，用户好友的id；用户步数表包含两个字段，用户id，用户的步数.用户在好友中的排名
-- user_friend 数据
+----------+------------+
| user_id | friend_id |
+----------+------------+
| 1 | 2 |
| 1 | 3 |
| 2 | 1 |
| 2 | 3 |
| 2 | 4 |
| 2 | 5 |
| 3 | 1 |
| 3 | 4 |
| 3 | 5 |
| 4 | 2 |
| 4 | 3 |
| 4 | 5 |
| 5 | 2 |
| 5 | 3 |
| 5 | 4 |
+----------+------------+
--user_friend数据
+---------------------+-------------------+
| user_steps.user_id | user_steps.steps |
+---------------------+-------------------+
| 1 | 100 |
| 2 | 95 |
| 3 | 90 |
| 4 | 80 |
| 5 | 10 |
+---------------------+-------------------+
二、题目分析
维度 | 评分 |
|---|---|
题目难度 | ⭐️⭐️⭐️ |
题目清晰度 | ⭐️⭐️⭐️⭐️⭐️ |
业务常见度 | ⭐️⭐️⭐️⭐️ |
解法分析
- 要求解的是自己在好友中的排名，那么需要有自己和好友的步数，可是好友关系表中只有“好友”，需要加入自己的数据；
- 求排名，需要分组开窗；
- 需要筛选出自己名次的那一行数据；
三、SQL
1.列出好友步数，并将自己步数添加到结果中
执行SQL
--好友步数
select t1.user_id, t1.friend_id, t2.steps
from user_friend t1
join user_steps t2
on t1.friend_id = t2.user_id
union all
-- 自己步数
select user_id, user_id as friend_id, steps
from user_steps
查询结果
+--------------+----------------+------------+
| _u1.user_id | _u1.friend_id | _u1.steps |
+--------------+----------------+------------+
| 1 | 2 | 95 |
| 1 | 3 | 90 |
| 2 | 1 | 100 |
| 2 | 3 | 90 |
| 2 | 4 | 80 |
| 2 | 5 | 10 |
| 3 | 1 | 100 |
| 3 | 4 | 80 |
| 3 | 5 | 10 |
| 4 | 2 | 95 |
| 4 | 3 | 90 |
| 4 | 5 | 10 |
| 5 | 2 | 95 |
| 5 | 3 | 90 |
| 5 | 4 | 80 |
| 1 | 1 | 100 |
| 2 | 2 | 95 |
| 3 | 3 | 90 |
| 4 | 4 | 80 |
| 5 | 5 | 10 |
+--------------+----------------+------------+
2.按照用户分组，给每个用户的“好友”进行排名
查询SQL
select tt1.user_id,
tt1.friend_id,
tt1.steps,
row_number() over (partition by tt1.user_id order by tt1.steps desc) as row_num
from (
--好友步数
select t1.user_id,
t1.friend_id,
t2.steps
from user_friend t1
join user_steps t2
on t1.friend_id = t2.user_id
union all
-- 自己步数
select user_id,
user_id as friend_id,
steps
from user_steps) tt1
执行结果
+--------------+----------------+------------+----------+
| tt1.user_id | tt1.friend_id | tt1.steps | row_num |
+--------------+----------------+------------+----------+
| 1 | 1 | 100 | 1 |
| 1 | 2 | 95 | 2 |
| 1 | 3 | 90 | 3 |
| 2 | 1 | 100 | 1 |
| 2 | 2 | 95 | 2 |
| 2 | 3 | 90 | 3 |
| 2 | 4 | 80 | 4 |
| 2 | 5 | 10 | 5 |
| 3 | 1 | 100 | 1 |
| 3 | 3 | 90 | 2 |
| 3 | 4 | 80 | 3 |
| 3 | 5 | 10 | 4 |
| 4 | 2 | 95 | 1 |
| 4 | 3 | 90 | 2 |
| 4 | 4 | 80 | 3 |
| 4 | 5 | 10 | 4 |
| 5 | 2 | 95 | 1 |
| 5 | 3 | 90 | 2 |
| 5 | 4 | 80 | 3 |
| 5 | 5 | 10 | 4 |
+--------------+----------------+------------+----------+
3求取最终结果
查询SQL
select user_id,
row_num
from (select tt1.user_id,
tt1.friend_id,
tt1.steps,
row_number() over (partition by tt1.user_id order by tt1.steps desc) as row_num
from (
--好友步数
select t1.user_id,
t1.friend_id,
t2.steps
from user_friend t1
join user_steps t2
on t1.friend_id = t2.user_id
union all
-- 自己步数
select user_id,
user_id as friend_id,
steps
from user_steps) tt1) tt2
where user_id = friend_id
执行结果
+----------+----------+
| user_id | row_num |
+----------+----------+
| 1 | 1 |
| 2 | 2 |
| 3 | 2 |
| 4 | 3 |
| 5 | 4 |
+----------+----------+
四、建表语句和数据插入
CREATE TABLE user_friend
(
user_id INT,
friend_id INT
) ROW FORMAT DELIMITED FIELDS TERMINATED BY '\t';
-- 插入数据
INSERT INTO user_friend
VALUES (1, 2),
(1, 3),
(2, 1),
(2, 3),
(2, 4),
(2, 5),
(3, 1),
(3, 4),
(3, 5),
(4, 2),
(4, 3),
(4, 5),
(5, 2),
(5, 3),
(5, 4);
CREATE TABLE user_steps
(
user_id INT,
steps INT
) ROW FORMAT DELIMITED FIELDS TERMINATED BY '\t';
INSERT INTO user_steps
VALUES (1, 100),
(2, 95),
(3, 90),
(4, 80),
(5, 10);本文参与 腾讯云自媒体同步曝光计划，分享自微信公众号。
原始发表：2024-06-19，如有侵权请联系 cloudcommunity@tencent.com 删除
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