LeetCode面试SQL-用户购买平台
一、题目
支出表: t2_spending
+-------------+---------+
| Column Name | Type |
+-------------+---------+
| user_id | int |
| spend_date | string |
| platform | string |
| amount | int |
+-------------+---------+
- 这张表记录了用户在一个在线购物网站的支出历史，该在线购物平台同时拥有桌面端（'desktop'）和手机端（'mobile'）的应用程序。
- 这张表的主键是 (user_id, spend_date, platform)。
写一段 SQL 来查找每天 仅 使用手机端用户、仅 使用桌面端用户和 同时 使用桌面端和手机端的用户人数和总支出金额。
查询结果格式如下例所示： t2_spending table:
+---------+------------+----------+--------+
| user_id | spend_date | platform | amount |
+---------+------------+----------+--------+
| 1 | 2019-07-01 | mobile | 100 |
| 1 | 2019-07-01 | desktop | 100 |
| 2 | 2019-07-01 | mobile | 100 |
| 2 | 2019-07-02 | mobile | 100 |
| 3 | 2019-07-01 | desktop | 100 |
| 3 | 2019-07-02 | desktop | 100 |
+---------+------------+----------+--------+
Result table:
+------------+----------+--------------+-------------+
| spend_date | platform | total_amount | total_users |
+------------+----------+--------------+-------------+
| 2019-07-01 | desktop | 100 | 1 |
| 2019-07-01 | mobile | 100 | 1 |
| 2019-07-01 | both | 200 | 1 |
| 2019-07-02 | desktop | 100 | 1 |
| 2019-07-02 | mobile | 100 | 1 |
| 2019-07-02 | both | 0 | 0 |
+------------+----------+--------------+-------------+
在 2019-07-01, 用户1 同时 使用桌面端和手机端购买, 用户2 仅 使用了手机端购买，而用户3 仅 使用了桌面端购买。 在 2019-07-02, 用户2 仅 使用了手机端购买, 用户3 仅 使用了桌面端购买，且没有用户 同时 使用桌面端和手机端购买。
二、分析
本题难点在于：1。对于仅使用一个平台的列出其平台，而对于使用两个平台的需要标记为both；2.对于07-02没有both的，需要进行显示为0的处理。
维度 | 评分 |
|---|---|
题目难度 | ⭐️⭐️⭐️ |
题目清晰度 | ⭐️⭐️⭐️⭐️⭐️ |
业务常见度 | ⭐️⭐️⭐️ |
三、SQL
1.区分desktop、mobile、both
由于spark不支持count(distinct )开窗，所以我们先计算一下每个用户每天使用的平台个数。 然后原表与新表关联，计算出每个用户每天使用的new_platform平台类型。
执行SQL
select t1.spend_date,
t1.user_id,
t1.platform,
t1.amount,
t2.plat_cnt,
if(t2.plat_cnt = 1, t1.platform, 'both') as new_platform
from t2_spending t1
left join
(select spend_date,
user_id,
count(distinct platform) as plat_cnt
from t2_spending
group by spend_date,
user_id) t2
on t1.spend_date = t2.spend_date
and t1.user_id = t2.user_id
SQL结果
+-------------+----------+-----------+---------+-----------+---------------+
| spend_date | user_id | platform | amount | plat_cnt | new_platform |
+-------------+----------+-----------+---------+-----------+---------------+
| 2019-01-01 | 1 | mobile | 100 | 2 | both |
| 2019-01-01 | 1 | desktop | 100 | 2 | both |
| 2019-01-01 | 2 | mobile | 100 | 1 | mobile |
| 2019-01-02 | 2 | mobile | 100 | 1 | mobile |
| 2019-01-01 | 3 | desktop | 100 | 1 | desktop |
| 2019-01-02 | 3 | desktop | 100 | 1 | desktop |
+-------------+----------+-----------+---------+-----------+---------------+
2.使用new_plateform 计算各项指标
我们使用新的new_platform来计算各项结果
执行SQL
select spend_date,
new_platform,
sum(amount) as total_amount,
count(distinct user_id) as total_users
from (select t1.spend_date,
t1.user_id,
t1.platform,
t1.amount,
t2.plat_cnt,
if(t2.plat_cnt = 1, t1.platform, 'both') as new_platform
from t2_spending t1
left join
(select spend_date,
user_id,
count(distinct platform) as plat_cnt
from t2_spending
group by spend_date,
user_id) t2
on t1.spend_date = t2.spend_date
and t1.user_id = t2.user_id) tt
group by spend_date,
new_platform
order by 1 asc
SQL结果
+-------------+---------------+---------------+--------------+
| spend_date | new_platform | total_amount | total_users |
+-------------+---------------+---------------+--------------+
| 2019-01-01 | mobile | 100 | 1 |
| 2019-01-01 | desktop | 100 | 1 |
| 2019-01-01 | both | 200 | 1 |
| 2019-01-02 | desktop | 100 | 1 |
| 2019-01-02 | mobile | 100 | 1 |
+-------------+---------------+---------------+--------------+
3.补充维表得到最终结果
需要每天展示不同平台的全部数据，所以我们先创建一张包含mobile,desktop,both类型与全量日期组合的数据表
执行SQL
select ttt1.spend_date,
ttt1.platform,
coalesce(total_amount, 0) as total_amount,
coalesce(total_users, 0) as total_users
from (
--生成日期+平台类型的全量的数据
select spend_date, 'desktop' as platform
from t2_spending
group by spend_date
union all
select spend_date, 'mobile' as platform
from t2_spending
group by spend_date
union all
select spend_date, 'both' as platform
from t2_spending
group by spend_date) ttt1
left join
(select spend_date,
new_platform,
sum(amount) as total_amount,
count(distinct user_id) as total_users
from (select t1.spend_date,
t1.user_id,
t1.platform,
t1.amount,
t2.plat_cnt,
if(t2.plat_cnt = 1, t1.platform, 'both') as new_platform
from t2_spending t1
left join
(select spend_date,
user_id,
count(distinct platform) as plat_cnt
from t2_spending
group by spend_date,
user_id) t2
on t1.spend_date = t2.spend_date
and t1.user_id = t2.user_id) tt
group by spend_date,
new_platform) ttt2
on ttt1.platform = ttt2.new_platform
and ttt1.spend_date = ttt2.spend_date
order by 1 asc
SQL结果
+-------------+-----------+---------------+--------------+
| spend_date | platform | total_amount | total_users |
+-------------+-----------+---------------+--------------+
| 2019-01-01 | desktop | 100 | 1 |
| 2019-01-01 | mobile | 100 | 1 |
| 2019-01-01 | both | 200 | 1 |
| 2019-01-02 | desktop | 100 | 1 |
| 2019-01-02 | mobile | 100 | 1 |
| 2019-01-02 | both | 0 | 0 |
+-------------+-----------+---------------+--------------+
四、建表语句和数据插入
--建表语句
CREATE TABLE t2_spending(
user_id int,
spend_date string,
platform string,
amount int
) COMMENT '支出表'
ROW FORMAT DELIMITED FIELDS TERMINATED BY '\t'
;
-- 插入数据
insert into t2_spending(user_id,spend_date,platform,amount)
values
(1,'2019-01-01','mobile',100),
(1,'2019-01-01','desktop',100),
(2,'2019-01-01','mobile',100),
(2,'2019-01-02','mobile',100),
(3,'2019-01-01','desktop',100),
(3,'2019-01-02','desktop',100);本文参与 腾讯云自媒体同步曝光计划，分享自微信公众号。
原始发表：2024-09-24，如有侵权请联系 cloudcommunity@tencent.com 删除
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