Python读取txt文件完整教程 - 从基础到高级技巧

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file_object = open('filename.txt', 'r')

# 打开文件
file = open('example.txt', 'r')

# 读取文件内容
content = file.read()

# 打印内容
print(content)

# 关闭文件
file.close()

# 使用with语句打开文件
with open('example.txt', 'r') as file:
    content = file.read()
    print(content)
    
# 文件会在with块结束后自动关闭
# 无需手动调用close()

with open('example.txt', 'r') as file:
    # 读取整个文件内容
    content = file.read()
    print("文件内容:")
    print(content)
    
    # 可以指定读取的字符数
    file.seek(0)  # 将文件指针移回开头
    first_50 = file.read(50)
    print("\n前50个字符:")
    print(first_50)

with open('example.txt', 'r') as file:
    # 读取第一行
    line1 = file.readline()
    print("第一行:", line1)
    
    # 读取第二行
    line2 = file.readline()
    print("第二行:", line2)
    
    # 循环读取剩余所有行
    print("\n剩余内容:")
    while True:
        line = file.readline()
        if not line:
            break
        print(line, end='')

with open('example.txt', 'r') as file:
    # 读取所有行
    lines = file.readlines()
    
    print(f"文件共有 {len(lines)} 行")
    print("\n文件内容:")
    
    # 打印每行内容（带行号）
    for i, line in enumerate(lines, 1):
        print(f"{i}: {line.strip()}")

import os

# 获取当前工作目录
current_dir = os.getcwd()
print("当前目录:", current_dir)

# 组合路径
file_path = os.path.join(current_dir, 'data', 'example.txt')
print("完整路径:", file_path)

# 检查文件是否存在
if os.path.exists(file_path):
    print("文件存在")
else:
    print("文件不存在")

from pathlib import Path

# 创建Path对象
file_path = Path('data') / 'example.txt'

# 检查文件
if file_path.exists():
    print(f"文件大小: {file_path.stat().st_size} 字节")
    
    # 读取文件内容
    content = file_path.read_text(encoding='utf-8')
    print(content[:100])  # 打印前100个字符

try:
    with open('nonexistent.txt', 'r') as file:
        content = file.read()
except FileNotFoundError:
    print("错误：文件不存在！")
except PermissionError:
    print("错误：没有文件访问权限！")
except Exception as e:
    print(f"发生未知错误: {str(e)}")
else:
    print("文件读取成功！")
finally:
    print("文件操作完成")

try:
    # 尝试使用UTF-8编码打开
    with open('example.txt', 'r', encoding='utf-8') as file:
        content = file.read()
except UnicodeDecodeError:
    try:
        # 如果UTF-8失败，尝试其他编码
        with open('example.txt', 'r', encoding='latin-1') as file:
            content = file.read()
    except Exception as e:
        print(f"解码失败: {str(e)}")