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社区首页 >问答首页 >如何制作像“行军蚂蚁”一样的平滑虚线边框旋转动画

问如何制作像“行军蚂蚁”一样的平滑虚线边框旋转动画
EN

Stack Overflow用户
提问于 2015-02-24 18:44:15
回答 4查看 8.9K关注 0票数 47

我正在制作一个css动画，它使用了‘齿轮和链条’，但无法创建一个‘平滑’的边界旋转序列。

你可以在这个fiddle中看到我是如何(目前)使用一个伪元素来生成一个“旋转”效果的。这是通过在虚线白色和虚线金色边框之间“切换”来实现的，让它看起来像是“边框在旋转”。

我有什么？

​

#one{
  -webkit-animation: rotateClockwiseAnimation 5s linear infinite; /* Safari 4+ */
  -moz-animation:    rotateClockwiseAnimation 5s linear infinite; /* Fx 5+ */
  -o-animation:      rotateClockwiseAnimation 5s linear infinite; /* Opera 12+ */
  animation:         rotateClockwiseAnimation 5s linear infinite; /* IE 10+, Fx 29+ */

}
#two{
  -webkit-animation: rotateAntiClockwiseAnimation 5s linear infinite; /* Safari 4+ */
  -moz-animation:    rotateAntiClockwiseAnimation 5s linear infinite; /* Fx 5+ */
  -o-animation:      rotateAntiClockwiseAnimation 5s linear infinite; /* Opera 12+ */
  animation:         rotateAntiClockwiseAnimation 5s linear infinite; /* IE 10+, Fx 29+ */

 position:absolute;
    top:30px;
    left:42px;
    width:80px;
}

@-webkit-keyframes rotateClockwiseAnimation {
  0%   { transform: rotate(0deg); }
  100% { transform: rotate(360deg); }
}
@-moz-keyframes rotateClockwiseAnimation{
  0%   { transform: rotate(0deg); }
  100% { transform: rotate(360deg); }
}
@-o-keyframes rotateClockwiseAnimation {
  0%   { transform: rotate(0deg); }
  100% { transform: rotate(360deg); }
}
@keyframes rotateClockwiseAnimation {
  0%   { transform: rotate(0deg); }
  100% { transform: rotate(360deg); }
}

@-webkit-keyframes rotateAntiClockwiseAnimation {
  0%   { transform: rotate(0deg); }
  100% { transform: rotate(-360deg); }
}
@-moz-keyframes rotateAntiClockwiseAnimation {
  0%   { transform: rotate(0deg); }
  100% { transform: rotate(-360deg); }
}
@-o-keyframes rotateAntiClockwiseAnimation {
  0%   { transform: rotate(0deg); }
  100% { transform: rotate(-360deg); }
}
@keyframes rotateAntiClockwiseAnimation {
  0%   { transform: rotate(0deg); }
  100% { transform: rotate(-360deg); }
}

/******************************************************************************/

.chain{
    height:70px;
    width:80%;
    border:5px dashed gold;
    border-radius:30px;
    position:absolute;
    top:30px;
    left:40px;
          -webkit-animation: switchGoldBlackBorder 0.8s infinite; /* Safari 4+ */
  -moz-animation:    switchGoldBlackBorder 0.8s infinite; /* Fx 5+ */
  -o-animation:      switchGoldBlackBorder 0.8s infinite; /* Opera 12+ */
  animation:         switchGoldBlackBorder 0.8s infinite; /* IE 10+, Fx 29+ */
}


@-webkit-keyframes switchBlackGoldBorder {
    0%   { border: 5px dashed transparent; }
    49%   { border: 5px dashed transparent; }
    50%   { border: 5px dashed gold; }
    100%   { border: 5px dashed gold; }
}
@-moz-keyframes switchBlackGoldBorder{
    0%   { border: 5px dashed transparent; }
    49%   { border: 5px dashed transparent; }
    50%   { border: 5px dashed gold; }
    100%   { border: 5px dashed gold; }
}
@-o-keyframes switchBlackGoldBorder {
    0%   { border: 5px dashed transparent; }
    49%   { border: 5px dashed transparent; }
    50%   { border: 5px dashed gold; }
    100%   { border: 5px dashed gold; }
}
@keyframes switchBlackGoldBorder {  
    0%   { border: 5px dashed transparent; }
    49%   { border: 5px dashed transparent; }
    50%   { border: 5px dashed gold; }
    100%   { border: 5px dashed gold; }
}



.chain:after{
    content:"";
    position:absolute;
    height:70px;
    border-radius:30px;
    width:100%;
    top:-5px;
    left:-5px;
    border:5px solid gold;
    z-index:-1;
          -webkit-animation: switchBlackGoldBorder 0.8s infinite; /* Safari 4+ */
  -moz-animation:    switchBlackGoldBorder 0.8s infinite; /* Fx 5+ */
  -o-animation:      switchBlackGoldBorder 0.8s infinite; /* Opera 12+ */
  animation:         switchBlackGoldBorder 0.8s infinite; /* IE 10+, Fx 29+ */
}

@-webkit-keyframes switchGoldBlackBorder {
  0%   { border: 5px solid gold; }
    49%   { border: 5px solid gold; }
    50%   { border: 5px solid white; }
    100%   { border: 5px solid white; }
}
@-moz-keyframes switchGoldBlackBorder{
  0%   { border: 5px solid gold; }
    49%   { border: 5px solid gold; }
    50%   { border: 5px solid white; }
    100%   { border: 5px solid white; }
}
@-o-keyframes switchGoldBlackBorder {
  0%   { border: 5px solid gold; }
    49%   { border: 5px solid gold; }
    50%   { border: 5px solid white; }
    100%   { border: 5px solid white; }
}
@keyframes switchGoldBlackBorder {  
    0%   { border: 5px solid gold; }
    49%   { border: 5px solid gold; }
    50%   { border: 5px solid white; }
    100%   { border: 5px solid white; }
}
<svg id="one" style="width:50px" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" viewbox="0 0 100 100">
    <defs>
        <circle id="c" cx="50" cy="50" r="30" stroke="#808080" fill="none" stroke-width="25"/>
        <path id="d" stroke="#808080" stroke-width="16" d="M50 0, V15 M50 100, V85 M0 50, H15 M100 50, H85"/>
    </defs>    
    <use xlink:href="#c"/>
    <use xlink:href="#d"/>
    <use xlink:href="#d" transform="rotate(45, 50, 50)"/>
</svg>

<svg id="two" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" viewbox="0 0 100 100">
    <use xlink:href="#one"/>    
</svg>
<div class="chain"></div>

​

因此，在代码片段的下半部分，您可以看到我是如何通过使用关键帧来生成“旋转链效果”的。

我想要什么

我的总体愿望是生成如下内容：

想一想传送带的横截面，以及“末端的齿轮如何驱动传送带”。我正试着重现这一切。(即虚线边框的金色比特应该在齿轮的槽内，并被它“拉动”)

#one{
  -webkit-animation: rotateClockwiseAnimation 5s linear infinite; /* Safari 4+ */
  -moz-animation:    rotateClockwiseAnimation 5s linear infinite; /* Fx 5+ */
  -o-animation:      rotateClockwiseAnimation 5s linear infinite; /* Opera 12+ */
  animation:         rotateClockwiseAnimation 5s linear infinite; /* IE 10+, Fx 29+ */
border:5px dashed gold;
  border-radius:50%;
}

@-webkit-keyframes rotateClockwiseAnimation {
  0%   { transform: rotate(0deg); }
  100% { transform: rotate(360deg); }
}
@-moz-keyframes rotateClockwiseAnimation{
  0%   { transform: rotate(0deg); }
  100% { transform: rotate(360deg); }
}
@-o-keyframes rotateClockwiseAnimation {
  0%   { transform: rotate(0deg); }
  100% { transform: rotate(360deg); }
}
@keyframes rotateClockwiseAnimation {
  0%   { transform: rotate(0deg); }
  100% { transform: rotate(360deg); }
}
<svg id="one" style="width:50px" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" viewbox="0 0 100 100">
    <defs>
        <circle id="c" cx="50" cy="50" r="30" stroke="#808080" fill="none" stroke-width="25"/>
        <path id="d" stroke="#808080" stroke-width="16" d="M50 0, V15 M50 100, V85 M0 50, H15 M100 50, H85"/>
    </defs>    
    <use xlink:href="#c"/>
    <use xlink:href="#d"/>
    <use xlink:href="#d" transform="rotate(45, 50, 50)"/>
</svg>

​

但是金色的破折号可以适应齿轮的凹槽，以及屏幕的80%的宽度(如果这是有意义的)。

最后，我想生成如下图所示的内容：

​

​

看到我想要的链条如何“旋转”了吗？

My Current Issues

  • 由于动画是通过使用伪元素来“破解”的，我发现很难真正同步这个“链”的旋转。
  • 我还在学习关键帧动画，所以我确定这不是这个
  • 的最好方法，svg对我来说是一个新概念，所以请容忍我不愿使用它(所以我使用css来做“链”)
  • 最后，我想“让它看起来”像是在转动链，但是现在，它们看起来就像是完全(而且做得很糟糕)独立的元素动画
css
svg
css-animations
css-shapes
EN

回答 4

Stack Overflow用户

回答已采纳

发布于 2015-02-24 19:39:10

齿轮和链条动画：

我完全重构了代码(CSS和HTML)，现在是：

  • shorter (尤其是css)
  • simpler
  • 更逼真:更正了链条和齿轮之间的同步问题，并在右侧添加了一个缺失的齿轮，因为你的链条似乎漂浮在空中:

方法是相同的，即为链路径设置齿轮和dash-offset的旋转角度动画。我调整了两个动画之间的时间，让它看起来就像是齿轮在拉动链条。

浏览器支持：

作为IE doesn't support的svg动画元素，我还使用snap.svg库制作了这个版本的动画，该库也支持IE9或更高版本(在IE9中使用crossbrowsertesting进行了测试)。

支持IE的

​

var cont   = new Snap('#svg'),
    chain  = cont.select('#chain'),
    cogAcw = cont.select('#cog_acw'),
    cogCw  = cont.select('#cog_cw'),
    speed  = 500;  // Lower this number to make the animation faster

function infChain(el) {
    var len = el.getTotalLength();
    el.attr({"stroke-dasharray": len/62,"stroke-dashoffset": 0});
    el.animate({"stroke-dashoffset": -len/31}, speed, mina.linear, infChain.bind(null, el));
}
function rotateAcw(el) {
    el.transform('r22.5,20,20');
    el.animate({ transform: 'r-22.5,20,20' }, speed, mina.linear, rotateAcw.bind( null, el));
}
function rotateCw(el) {
    el.transform('r0,20,20');
    el.animate({ transform: 'r45,20,20' }, speed, mina.linear, rotateCw.bind( null, el));
}
infChain(chain);
rotateAcw(cogAcw);
rotateCw(cogCw);
svg {
    width:100%;
}
<script src="http://thisisa.simple-url.com/js/snapsvg.js"></script>
<svg id="svg" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" viewbox="0 0 100 30">
    <defs>
        <circle id="c" cx="20" cy="20" r="4" stroke="#808080" fill="none" stroke-width="4" />
        <path id="d" stroke="#808080" stroke-width="2" d="M20 13 V16 M27 20 H24 M20 27 V24 M13 20 H16" />
        <g id="cog_acw">
            <use xlink:href="#c" /><use xlink:href="#d" />
            <use xlink:href="#d" transform="rotate(45 20 20)" />
        </g>  
        <g id="cog_cw">
            <use xlink:href="#c" /><use xlink:href="#d" />
            <use xlink:href="#d" transform="rotate(45 20 20)" />
        </g>  
    </defs>
    <path id="chain" stroke-width="1" stroke="#000" fill="transparent" 
    d="M21.3 13.5 H20 C11.4 13.5 11.4 26.5 20 26.5 H80 C89.4 26.5 89.4 13.5 80.8 13.5z" />
    <use  xlink:href="#cog_acw" />
    <use  transform="translate(60.5 0), rotate(19,20,20)" xlink:href="#cog_acw" />
    <use  transform="translate(-4.5 -4.5),scale(.8), rotate(0,20,20)" xlink:href="#cog_cw" />    
</svg>

​

​

svg{width:100%;}
#chain_st{
  -webkit-animation: dash 1s infinite linear;
  -moz-animation: dash 1s infinite linear;
  -o-animation: dash 1s infinite linear;
  animation: dash 1s infinite linear;
}
@-webkit-keyframes dash {
  to { stroke-dashoffset: -5; }
}
@-moz-keyframes dash {
  to { stroke-dashoffset: -5; }
}
@-o-keyframes dash {
  to { stroke-dashoffset: -5; }
}
@keyframes dash {
  to { stroke-dashoffset: -5; }
}
<svg id="one" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" viewbox="0 0 100 30">
  <defs>
    <circle id="c" cx="20" cy="20" r="4" stroke="#808080" fill="none" stroke-width="4"/>
    <path id="d" stroke="#808080" stroke-width="2" d="M20 13 V16 M27 20 H24 M20 27 V24 M13 20 H16"/>
    <g id="cog">
      <use xlink:href="#c"/>
      <use xlink:href="#d"/>
      <use xlink:href="#d" transform="rotate(45 20 20)"/>
    </g>
  </defs>
  <g transform="translate(0,-7), scale(0.8), rotate(22.5 8 8)">
    <use xlink:href="#cog">
      <animateTransform attributeType="xml" attributeName="transform" type="rotate" from="-22.5 20 20" to="337.5 20 20" dur="8s" repeatCount="indefinite"/>
    </use>
  </g>
  <path id="chain_st" stroke-width="1" stroke="#000" fill="transparent" stroke-dasharray="2.6 2.45" d="M21.3 13.5 H20 C11.4 13.5 11.4 26.5 20 26.5 H80 C89 26.5 89 13.5 80.8 13.5z" />
  <use class="rot" xlink:href="#cog">
    <animateTransform attributeType="xml" attributeName="transform" type="rotate"from="22.5 20 20" to="-337.5 20 20" dur="8s" repeatCount="indefinite"/>
  </use>
  <g transform="translate(60.3 0)">
    <use class="" xlink:href="#cog">
      <animateTransform attributeType="xml" attributeName="transform" type="rotate" from="22.5 20 20" to="-337.5 20 20" dur="8s" repeatCount="indefinite"/>
    </use>
  </g>
</svg>

​

原始答案:

您可以使用其它svg虚线路径，并使用关键帧动画为dash-offset属性设置动画效果。

这可以而且应该简化/调整，以供“真实世界”使用：

  • 所有元素都可以包含在一个<svg>标签中(这将使其更简单，并且两个齿轮+链都可以调整大小)链和齿轮之间的同步并不完美，需要调整链的速度/大小。

​

#one {
  -webkit-animation: rotateClockwiseAnimation 5s linear infinite;
  /* Safari 4+ */
  -moz-animation: rotateClockwiseAnimation 5s linear infinite;
  /* Fx 5+ */
  -o-animation: rotateClockwiseAnimation 5s linear infinite;
  /* Opera 12+ */
  animation: rotateClockwiseAnimation 5s linear infinite;
  /* IE 10+, Fx 29+ */
}
#two {
  -webkit-animation: rotateAntiClockwiseAnimation 5s linear infinite;
  /* Safari 4+ */
  -moz-animation: rotateAntiClockwiseAnimation 5s linear infinite;
  /* Fx 5+ */
  -o-animation: rotateAntiClockwiseAnimation 5s linear infinite;
  /* Opera 12+ */
  animation: rotateAntiClockwiseAnimation 5s linear infinite;
  /* IE 10+, Fx 29+ */
  position: absolute;
  top: 30px;
  left: 42px;
  width: 80px;
}
@-webkit-keyframes rotateClockwiseAnimation {
  0% {
    transform: rotate(0deg);
  }
  100% {
    transform: rotate(360deg);
  }
}
@-moz-keyframes rotateClockwiseAnimation {
  0% {
    transform: rotate(0deg);
  }
  100% {
    transform: rotate(360deg);
  }
}
@-o-keyframes rotateClockwiseAnimation {
  0% {
    transform: rotate(0deg);
  }
  100% {
    transform: rotate(360deg);
  }
}
@keyframes rotateClockwiseAnimation {
  0% {
    transform: rotate(0deg);
  }
  100% {
    transform: rotate(360deg);
  }
}
@-webkit-keyframes rotateAntiClockwiseAnimation {
  0% {
    transform: rotate(0deg);
  }
  100% {
    transform: rotate(-360deg);
  }
}
@-moz-keyframes rotateAntiClockwiseAnimation {
  0% {
    transform: rotate(0deg);
  }
  100% {
    transform: rotate(-360deg);
  }
}
@-o-keyframes rotateAntiClockwiseAnimation {
  0% {
    transform: rotate(0deg);
  }
  100% {
    transform: rotate(-360deg);
  }
}
@keyframes rotateAntiClockwiseAnimation {
  0% {
    transform: rotate(0deg);
  }
  100% {
    transform: rotate(-360deg);
  }
}
/******************************************************************************/

#chain {
  width: 650px;
  position: absolute;
  top: 24px;
  left: 35px;
}
.chain_st {
  stroke-dasharray: 1.5;
  stroke-dashoffset: 10;
  -webkit-animation: dash 18s infinite linear;
  -moz-animation: dash 18s infinite linear;
  -o-animation: dash 18s infinite linear;
  animation: dash 18s infinite linear;
}
@-webkit-keyframes dash {
  to {
    stroke-dashoffset: 100;
  }
}
@-moz-keyframes dash {
  to {
    stroke-dashoffset: 100;
  }
}
@-o-keyframes dash {
  to {
    stroke-dashoffset: 100;
  }
}
keyframes dash {
  to {
    stroke-dashoffset: 100;
  }
}
<svg id="one" style="width:50px" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" viewbox="0 0 100 100">
  <defs>
    <circle id="c" cx="50" cy="50" r="30" stroke="#808080" fill="none" stroke-width="25" />
    <path id="d" stroke="#808080" stroke-width="16" d="M50 0, V15 M50 100, V85 M0 50, H15 M100 50, H85" />
  </defs>
  <use xlink:href="#c" />
  <use xlink:href="#d" />
  <use xlink:href="#d" transform="rotate(45, 50, 50)" />
</svg>

<svg id="two" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" viewbox="0 0 100 100">
  <use xlink:href="#one" />
</svg>
<svg id="chain" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" viewbox="0 0 70 10">
  <path class="chain_st" stroke-width="0.5" stroke="#000" fill="transparent" d="M60 1 Q65 1 65 5 Q65 9 60 9 H6 Q1 9 1 5 Q1 1 6 1z" />
</svg>

​

票数 77
EN

Stack Overflow用户

发布于 2015-02-24 20:58:15

这种方法怎么样？我对齿轮和传送带都使用了SVG。齿轮按照您的示例旋转，但我使用stroke-dasharray和动画stroke-dash-offset来使传送带移动。

它需要一点小提琴来获得正确的传送带长度和破折号定时，如果您改变齿轮大小或传送带长度，您将需要再次调整。

​

#one{
  -webkit-animation: rotateClockwiseAnimation 4s linear infinite; /* Safari 4+ */
  -moz-animation:    rotateClockwiseAnimation 4s linear infinite; /* Fx 5+ */
  -o-animation:      rotateClockwiseAnimation 4s linear infinite; /* Opera 12+ */
  animation:         rotateClockwiseAnimation 4s linear infinite; /* IE 10+, Fx 29+ */

}
#two{
  -webkit-animation: rotateAntiClockwiseAnimation 4s linear infinite; /* Safari 4+ */
  -moz-animation:    rotateAntiClockwiseAnimation 4s linear infinite; /* Fx 5+ */
  -o-animation:      rotateAntiClockwiseAnimation 4s linear infinite; /* Opera 12+ */
  animation:         rotateAntiClockwiseAnimation 4s linear infinite; /* IE 10+, Fx 29+ */

 position:absolute;
    top:30px;
    left:42px;
    width:80px;
}

@-webkit-keyframes rotateClockwiseAnimation {
  0%   { transform: rotate(0deg); }
  100% { transform: rotate(360deg); }
}
@-moz-keyframes rotateClockwiseAnimation{
  0%   { transform: rotate(0deg); }
  100% { transform: rotate(360deg); }
}
@-o-keyframes rotateClockwiseAnimation {
  0%   { transform: rotate(0deg); }
  100% { transform: rotate(360deg); }
}
@keyframes rotateClockwiseAnimation {
  0%   { transform: rotate(0deg); }
  100% { transform: rotate(360deg); }
}

@-webkit-keyframes rotateAntiClockwiseAnimation {
  0%   { transform: rotate(0deg); }
  100% { transform: rotate(-360deg); }
}
@-moz-keyframes rotateAntiClockwiseAnimation {
  0%   { transform: rotate(0deg); }
  100% { transform: rotate(-360deg); }
}
@-o-keyframes rotateAntiClockwiseAnimation {
  0%   { transform: rotate(0deg); }
  100% { transform: rotate(-360deg); }
}
@keyframes rotateAntiClockwiseAnimation {
  0%   { transform: rotate(0deg); }
  100% { transform: rotate(-360deg); }
}


/******************************************************************************/

#chain
{
  -webkit-animation: conveyor 0.5s linear infinite; /* Safari 4+ */
  -moz-animation:    conveyor 0.5s linear infinite; /* Fx 5+ */
  -o-animation:      conveyor 0.5s linear infinite; /* Opera 12+ */
  animation:         conveyor 0.5s linear infinite; /* IE 10+, Fx 29+ */
}


@-webkit-keyframes conveyor {
    0%   { stroke-dashoffset: -9; }
    100% { stroke-dashoffset: 20.06; }
}
@-moz-keyframes conveyor {
    0%   { stroke-dashoffset: -9; }
    100% { stroke-dashoffset: 20.06; }
}
@-o-keyframes conveyor {
    0%   { stroke-dashoffset: -9; }
    100% { stroke-dashoffset: 20.06; }
}
@keyframes conveyor {  
    0%   { stroke-dashoffset: -9; }
    100% { stroke-dashoffset: 20.06; }
}
<svg width="100%" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" viewbox="0 0 800 100">
    <defs>
        <circle id="c" cx="0" cy="0" r="30" stroke="#808080" fill="none" stroke-width="25"/>
        <path id="d" stroke="#808080" stroke-width="16" d="M0,-50 v15 M0,50 v-15 M-50,0 h15 M50,0 h-15"/>

        <g id="gear">
          <use xlink:href="#c"/>
          <use xlink:href="#d"/>
          <use xlink:href="#d" transform="rotate(45)"/>
        </g>
    </defs>
  
  <rect id="chain2"
          x="43" y="23" width="598" height="74" rx="37"
          stroke="gold" stroke-width="2" fill="none"/>

    <g transform="translate(27,27) scale(0.5)">
      <g id="one">
        <use xlink:href="#gear"/>
      </g>
    </g>

    <g transform="translate(80,60) scale(0.8)">
      <g id="two">
        <use xlink:href="#gear"/>
      </g>
    </g>
  
  <rect id="chain"
          x="43" y="23" width="598" height="74" rx="37"
          stroke="gold" stroke-width="5" fill="none"
          stroke-dasharray="14 15.06"/>
</svg>

​

票数 29
EN

Stack Overflow用户

发布于 2015-02-24 20:29:17

下面是关于如何使用CSS实现齿轮动画的另一种方法。这种方法已经在IE11、IE10、火狐、Chrome、Opera和Safari上进行了测试。

  • 用于齿轮/齿轮的两个圆形元素，并插入box-shadow以生成内圆。齿是由绕轴旋转的子元素(法线+伪线)产生的。
  • 皮带的弯曲部分是使用与齿轮的辐条相同的技术实现的，并且其位置始终位于齿之间。
  • 是一个矩形容器元素，其顶部和底部边界使用线性梯度模拟。这个元素的背景(除了顶部和底部的渐变)是纯色，这是一种缺点。这种纯色用于隐藏两侧圆形元素的一半。
  • 动画通过两种方式实现(a)不断旋转圆形元素和(b)不断改变渐变背景的背景位置。

​

.chain {
    margin: 45px auto;
    height: 100px;
    width: 310px;
    position: relative;
    background: -webkit-linear-gradient(0deg, gold 50%, transparent 50%), -webkit-linear-gradient(0deg, gold 50%, transparent 50%), white;
    background: -moz-linear-gradient(90deg, gold 50%, transparent 50%), -moz-linear-gradient(90deg, gold 50%, transparent 50%), white;
    background: linear-gradient(90deg, gold 50%, transparent 50%), linear-gradient(90deg, gold 50%, transparent 50%), white;
    background-size: 41px 5px;
    background-repeat: repeat-x;
    background-position: 20px 0px, 20px 95px;
    -webkit-animation: bgPos 1s infinite linear;
    -moz-animation: bgPos 1s infinite linear;
    animation: bgPos 1s infinite linear;
}
.belt, .belt-after, .belt .spokes, .belt .spokes:before, .belt .spokes:after, .belt-after .spokes, .belt-after .spokes:before, .belt-after .spokes:after {
    position: absolute;
    content:'';
    height: 90px;
    width:15px;
    top: 0px;
    border-top: 5px solid gold;
    border-bottom: 5px solid gold;
    z-index: -1;
}
.belt, .belt-after {
    -webkit-animation: borderAnim 8s infinite linear;
    -moz-animation: borderAnim 8s infinite linear;
    animation: borderAnim 8s infinite linear;
}
.belt .spokes, .belt-after .spokes {
    top: -5px;
    -webkit-transform: rotate(45deg);
    -moz-transform: rotate(45deg);
    transform: rotate(45deg);
}
.belt .spokes:before, .belt-after .spokes:before {
    top: -5px;
    -webkit-transform: rotate(90deg);
    -moz-transform: rotate(90deg);
    transform: rotate(90deg);
}
.belt .spokes:after, .belt-after .spokes:after {
    top: -5px;
    -webkit-transform: rotate(45deg);
    -moz-transform: rotate(45deg);
    transform: rotate(45deg);
}
.belt {
    left: -16px;
}
.belt-after {
    right: -16px;
}
.gear {
    content:'';
    position: absolute;
    top: 5px;
    height: 90px;
    width: 90px;
    border-radius: 50%;
    -webkit-animation: borderAnim 8s infinite linear;
    -moz-animation: borderAnim 8s infinite linear;
    animation: borderAnim 8s infinite linear;
    box-shadow: inset 0px 0px 0px 30px gray;
    z-index: 4;
}
.gear:before, .gear .spokes, .gear .spokes:before, .gear .spokes:after {
    position: absolute;
    content:'';
    height: 88px;
    width:15px;
    top: -5px;
    border-top: 6px solid gray;
    border-bottom: 6px solid gray;
}
.gear:before {
    left: 37px;
    -webkit-transform: rotate(22.5deg);
    -moz-transform: rotate(22.5deg);
    transform: rotate(22.5deg);
}
.gear .spokes {
    left: 37px;
    -webkit-transform: rotate(67.5deg);
    -moz-transform: rotate(67.5deg);
    transform: rotate(67.5deg);
}
.gear .spokes:before {
    top: -6px;
    -webkit-transform: rotate(45deg);
    -moz-transform: rotate(45deg);
    transform: rotate(45deg);
}
.gear .spokes:after {
    -webkit-transform: rotate(90deg);
    -moz-transform: rotate(90deg);
    transform: rotate(90deg);
}
.chain .belt + .gear {
    left:-52px;
}
.chain .belt-after + .gear {
    right: -52.5px;
}
.gear-small {
    content:'';
    position: absolute;
    left: -92px;
    top: -20px;
    height: 50px;
    width: 50px;
    border-radius: 50%;
    -webkit-animation: borderAnim 6s infinite linear reverse;
    -moz-animation: borderAnim 6s infinite linear reverse;
    animation: borderAnim 6s infinite linear reverse;
    box-shadow: inset 0px 0px 0px 20px gray;
    z-index: -2;
}
.gear-small:before {
    position: absolute;
    content:'';
    left: 21px;
    top: -3px;
    height: 48px;
    width: 10px;
    border-top:4px solid gray;
    border-bottom: 4px solid gray;
}
.gear-small .spokes, .gear-small .spokes:before, .gear-small .spokes:after {
    position: absolute;
    content:'';
    left: 21px;
    top: -3px;
    height: 48px;
    width: 10px;
    border-top:4px solid gray;
    border-bottom: 4px solid gray;
}
.gear-small .spokes {
    -webkit-transform: rotate(45deg);
    -moz-transform: rotate(45deg);
    transform: rotate(45deg);
}
.gear-small .spokes:before {
    left: 0px;
    -webkit-transform: rotate(90deg);
    -moz-transform: rotate(90deg);
    transform: rotate(90deg);
}
.gear-small .spokes:after {
    left: 0px;
    -webkit-transform: rotate(45deg);
    -moz-transform: rotate(45deg);
    transform: rotate(45deg);
}
@-webkit-keyframes borderAnim {
    0% {
        -webkit-transform: rotate(360deg);
    }
    100% {
        -webkit-transform: rotate(0deg);
    }
}
@-moz-keyframes borderAnim {
    0% {
        -moz-transform: rotate(360deg);
    }
    100% {
        -moz-transform: rotate(0deg);
    }
}
@keyframes borderAnim {
    0% {
        transform: rotate(360deg);
    }
    100% {
        transform: rotate(0deg);
    }
}
@-webkit-keyframes bgPos {
    0% {
        background-position: 20px 0px, -20px 95px;
    }
    100% {
        background-position: -20px 0px, 20px 95px;
    }
}
@-moz-keyframes bgPos {
    0% {
        background-position: 20px 0px, -20px 95px;
    }
    100% {
        background-position: -20px 0px, 20px 95px;
    }
}
@keyframes bgPos {
    0% {
        background-position: 20px 0px, -20px 95px;
    }
    100% {
        background-position: -20px 0px, 20px 95px;
    }
}
<div class="chain">
    <div class="gear-small">
        <div class="spokes"></div>
    </div>
    <div class="belt">
        <div class="spokes"></div>
    </div>
    <div class="gear">
        <div class="spokes"></div>
    </div>
    <div class="belt-after">
        <div class="spokes"></div>
    </div>
    <div class="gear">
        <div class="spokes"></div>
    </div>
</div>

​

奖励：这里是带有开/关开关的整个动画:)单击(拉动)链控制柄以打开或关闭动画。

​

.container {
  position: relative;
}
.chain {
  margin: 45px 100px;
  height: 100px;
  width: 310px;
  position: relative;
  background: -webkit-linear-gradient(0deg, gold 50%, transparent 50%), -webkit-linear-gradient(0deg, gold 50%, transparent 50%), white;
  background: -moz-linear-gradient(90deg, gold 50%, transparent 50%), -moz-linear-gradient(90deg, gold 50%, transparent 50%), white;
  background: linear-gradient(90deg, gold 50%, transparent 50%), linear-gradient(90deg, gold 50%, transparent 50%), white;
  background-size: 41px 5px;
  background-repeat: repeat-x;
  background-position: 20px 0px, 20px 95px;
  -webkit-animation: bgPos 1s infinite linear;
  -moz-animation: bgPos 1s infinite linear;
  animation: bgPos 1s infinite linear;
}
.belt,
.belt-after,
.belt .spokes,
.belt .spokes:before,
.belt .spokes:after,
.belt-after .spokes,
.belt-after .spokes:before,
.belt-after .spokes:after {
  position: absolute;
  height: 90px;
  width: 15px;
  top: 0px;
  border-top: 5px solid gold;
  border-bottom: 5px solid gold;
  z-index: -1;
}
.belt,
.belt-after {
  -webkit-animation: borderAnim 8s infinite linear;
  -moz-animation: borderAnim 8s infinite linear;
  animation: borderAnim 8s infinite linear;
}
.belt .spokes,
.belt-after .spokes {
  top: -5px;
  -webkit-transform: rotate(45deg);
  -moz-transform: rotate(45deg);
  transform: rotate(45deg);
}
.belt .spokes:before,
.belt .spokes:after,
.belt-after .spokes,
.belt-after .spokes:before,
.belt-after .spokes:after {
  content: '';
}
.belt .spokes:before,
.belt-after .spokes:before {
  top: -5px;
  -webkit-transform: rotate(90deg);
  -moz-transform: rotate(90deg);
  transform: rotate(90deg);
}
.belt .spokes:after,
.belt-after .spokes:after {
  top: -5px;
  -webkit-transform: rotate(45deg);
  -moz-transform: rotate(45deg);
  transform: rotate(45deg);
}
.belt {
  left: -16px;
}
.belt-after {
  right: -16px;
}
.gear {
  position: absolute;
  top: 5px;
  height: 90px;
  width: 90px;
  border-radius: 100%;
  -webkit-animation: borderAnim 8s infinite linear;
  -moz-animation: borderAnim 8s infinite linear;
  animation: borderAnim 8s infinite linear;
  box-shadow: inset 0px 0px 0px 30px gray, inset 0px 0px 0px 40px white, inset 0px 0px 0px 50px tomato;
  z-index: 4;
}
.gear:before,
.gear .spokes,
.gear .spokes:before,
.gear .spokes:after {
  position: absolute;
  content: '';
  height: 88px;
  width: 15px;
  top: -5px;
  border-top: 6px solid gray;
  border-bottom: 6px solid gray;
}
.gear:before {
  left: 37px;
  -webkit-transform: rotate(22.5deg);
  -moz-transform: rotate(22.5deg);
  transform: rotate(22.5deg);
}
.gear .spokes {
  left: 37px;
  -webkit-transform: rotate(67.5deg);
  -moz-transform: rotate(67.5deg);
  transform: rotate(67.5deg);
}
.gear .spokes:before {
  top: -6px;
  -webkit-transform: rotate(45deg);
  -moz-transform: rotate(45deg);
  transform: rotate(45deg);
}
.gear .spokes:after {
  -webkit-transform: rotate(90deg);
  -moz-transform: rotate(90deg);
  transform: rotate(90deg);
}
.chain .belt + .gear {
  left: -52px;
}
.chain .belt-after + .gear {
  right: -52.5px;
}
.gear-small {
  position: absolute;
  left: -91px;
  top: -20px;
  height: 50px;
  width: 50px;
  border-radius: 50%;
  -webkit-animation: borderAnim 8s 0.4s infinite linear;
  -moz-animation: borderAnim 6s infinite linear;
  animation: borderAnim 6s infinite linear;
  -webkit-animation-direction: reverse;
  -moz-animation-direction: reverse;
  animation-direction: reverse;
  box-shadow: inset 0px 0px 0px 20px gray;
  z-index: -2;
}
.gear-small:before {
  position: absolute;
  content: '';
  left: 21px;
  top: -3px;
  height: 48px;
  width: 10px;
  border-top: 4px solid gray;
  border-bottom: 4px solid gray;
}
.gear-small .spokes,
.gear-small .spokes:before,
.gear-small .spokes:after {
  position: absolute;
  content: '';
  left: 21px;
  top: -3px;
  height: 48px;
  width: 10px;
  border-top: 4px solid gray;
  border-bottom: 4px solid gray;
}
.gear-small .spokes {
  -webkit-transform: rotate(45deg);
  -moz-transform: rotate(45deg);
  transform: rotate(45deg);
}
.gear-small .spokes:before {
  left: 0px;
  -webkit-transform: rotate(90deg);
  -moz-transform: rotate(90deg);
  transform: rotate(90deg);
}
.gear-small .spokes:after {
  left: 0px;
  -webkit-transform: rotate(45deg);
  -moz-transform: rotate(45deg);
  transform: rotate(45deg);
}
@-webkit-keyframes borderAnim {
  0% {
    -webkit-transform: rotate(360deg);
  }
  100% {
    -webkit-transform: rotate(0deg);
  }
}
@-moz-keyframes borderAnim {
  0% {
    -moz-transform: rotate(360deg);
  }
  100% {
    -moz-transform: rotate(0deg);
  }
}
@keyframes borderAnim {
  0% {
    transform: rotate(360deg);
  }
  100% {
    transform: rotate(0deg);
  }
}
@-webkit-keyframes bgPos {
  0% {
    background-position: 20px 0px, -20px 95px;
  }
  100% {
    background-position: -20px 0px, 20px 95px;
  }
}
@-moz-keyframes bgPos {
  0% {
    background-position: 20px 0px, -20px 95px;
  }
  100% {
    background-position: -20px 0px, 20px 95px;
  }
}
@keyframes bgPos {
  0% {
    background-position: 20px 0px, -20px 95px;
  }
  100% {
    background-position: -20px 0px, 20px 95px;
  }
}
#pull-switch {
  display: none;
  /* no need to display checkbox */
}
#switch {
  position: absolute;
  left: 77px;
  top: 50px;
  border-right: 2px dotted tomato;
  height: 200px;
  width: 15px;
  -webkit-transition: height 0.5s;
  -moz-transition: height 0.5s;
  transition: height 0.5s;
  z-index: 10;
}
#handle {
  display: block;
  position: absolute;
  /* left: width of chain div (15px) + half of border (1px) - radius of handle (8px)*/
  left: 8px;
  bottom: 0%;
  background-color: tomato;
  width: 16px;
  height: 16px;
  border-radius: 50%;
  cursor: pointer
}
#pull-switch:checked + #switch > #handle {
  background-color: seagreen;
}
#pull-switch:checked + #switch {
  height: 225px;
  border-color: seagreen;
}
#pull-switch ~ .chain .gear-small,
#pull-switch ~ .chain .belt,
#pull-switch ~ .chain .belt-after,
#pull-switch ~ .chain .gear,
#pull-switch ~ .chain {
  -webkit-animation-play-state: paused;
  -moz-animation-play-state: paused;
  animation-play-state: paused;
}
#pull-switch:checked ~ .chain .gear-small,
#pull-switch:checked ~ .chain .belt,
#pull-switch:checked ~ .chain .belt-after,
#pull-switch:checked ~ .chain .gear,
#pull-switch:checked ~ .chain {
  -webkit-animation-play-state: running;
  -moz-animation-play-state: running;
  animation-play-state: running;
}
#pull-switch:checked ~ .chain .belt + .gear,
#pull-switch:checked ~ .chain .belt-after + .gear {
  box-shadow: inset 0px 0px 0px 30px gray, inset 0px 0px 0px 40px white, inset 0px 0px 0px 50px seagreen;
}
<div class="container">
  <input type="checkbox" id="pull-switch" />
  <div id="switch">
    <label for="pull-switch" id="handle"></label>
  </div>
  <div class="chain">
    <div class="gear-small">
      <div class="spokes"></div>
    </div>
    <div class="belt">
      <div class="spokes"></div>
    </div>
    <div class="gear">
      <div class="spokes"></div>
    </div>
    <div class="belt-after">
      <div class="spokes"></div>
    </div>
    <div class="gear">
      <div class="spokes"></div>
    </div>
  </div>
</div>

​

原始答案：(由于虚线边框错误，在火狐上不起作用，而且在IE中虚线更近，让它看起来很难看)。

您可以通过组合使用以下各项来实现边界旋转动画：

  • 两个圆形元素(使用border-radius: 50%)，两边都有虚线边框，以形成边框的弯曲部分。
  • 一个矩形容器元素，其上边框和下边框使用linear-gradient模拟。这个元素的背景(除了顶部和底部的渐变)是纯色，这是一种缺点。这种纯色用于隐藏任一侧的一半圆形元素。
  • 动画通过两种方式实现(a)不断旋转圆形元素和(b)不断改变梯度轮齿的轮廓线( background-position )轮齿也是圆形元素，其中轮辐线是用虚线边框制作的，内部实心部分是使用插图box-shadow生成的。齿轮的旋转方式使链条的边框始终位于齿轮边框之间。

​

.chain {
  margin: 45px auto;
  height: 100px;
  width: 300px;
  position: relative;
  background: -webkit-linear-gradient(0deg, gold 50%, transparent 50%), -webkit-linear-gradient(0deg, gold 50%, transparent 50%), white;
  background: -moz-linear-gradient(90deg, gold 50%, transparent 50%), -moz-linear-gradient(90deg, gold 50%, transparent 50%), white;
  background: linear-gradient(90deg, gold 50%, transparent 50%), linear-gradient(90deg, gold 50%, transparent 50%), white;
  background-size: 30px 5px;
  background-repeat: repeat-x;
  background-position: 0px 0px, 5px 95px;
  -webkit-animation: bgPos 4s infinite linear;
  -moz-animation: bgPos 4s infinite linear;
  animation: bgPos 4s infinite linear;
}
.chain .before,
.chain .after {
  position: absolute;
  content: '';
  height: 90px;
  width: 90px;
  top: 0px;
  border-radius: 50%;
  border: 5px dashed gold;
  -webkit-animation: borderAnim 2s infinite linear;
  -moz-animation: borderAnim 2s infinite linear;
  animation: borderAnim 2s infinite linear;
  z-index: -2;
}
.chain .before {
  left: -45px;
}
.chain .after {
  right: -45px;
}
.chain .gear {
  content: '';
  position: absolute;
  top: 0px;
  height: 90px;
  width: 90px;
  border-radius: 50%;
  border: 5px dashed gray;
  -webkit-transform: rotate(16deg);
  -moz-transform: rotate(16deg);
  transform: rotate(16deg);
  -webkit-animation: gearAnim 2s infinite linear;
  -moz-animation: gearAnim 2s infinite linear;
  animation: gearAnim 2s infinite linear;
  box-shadow: inset 0px 0px 0px 30px gray;
  z-index: 4;
}
.chain .before + .gear {
  left: -45px;
}
.chain .after + .gear {
  right: -45px;
}
.gear-small {
  content: '';
  position: absolute;
  left: -95px;
  top: -23px;
  height: 60px;
  width: 60px;
  border-radius: 50%;
  border: 3px dashed gray;
  -webkit-transform: rotate(16deg);
  -moz-transform: rotate(16deg);
  transform: rotate(16deg);
  -webkit-animation: gearAnim 6s infinite linear reverse;
  -moz-animation: gearAnim 6s infinite linear reverse;
  animation: gearAnim 6s infinite linear reverse;
  box-shadow: inset 0px 0px 0px 20px gray;
  z-index: -2;
}
@-webkit-keyframes borderAnim {
  0% {
    -webkit-transform: rotate(360deg);
  }
  100% {
    -webkit-transform: rotate(0deg);
  }
}
@-moz-keyframes borderAnim {
  0% {
    -moz-transform: rotate(360deg);
  }
  100% {
    -moz-transform: rotate(0deg);
  }
}
@keyframes borderAnim {
  0% {
    transform: rotate(360deg);
  }
  100% {
    transform: rotate(0deg);
  }
}
@-webkit-keyframes bgPos {
  0% {
    background-position: 610px 0px, 0px 95px;
  }
  100% {
    background-position: 0px 0px, 600px 95px;
  }
}
@-moz-keyframes bgPos {
  0% {
    background-position: 610px 0px, 0px 95px;
  }
  100% {
    background-position: 0px 0px, 600px 95px;
  }
}
@keyframes bgPos {
  0% {
    background-position: 610px 0px, 0px 95px;
  }
  100% {
    background-position: 0px 0px, 600px 95px;
  }
}
@-webkit-keyframes gearAnim {
  0% {
    -webkit-transform: rotate(376deg);
  }
  100% {
    -webkit-transform: rotate(16deg);
  }
}
@-moz-keyframes gearrAnim {
  0% {
    -moz-transform: rotate(376deg);
  }
  100% {
    -moz-transform: rotate(16deg);
  }
}
@keyframes gearAnim {
  0% {
    transform: rotate(376deg);
  }
  100% {
    transform: rotate(16deg);
  }
}
<div class="chain">
  <div class="gear-small"></div>
  <div class="before"></div>
  <div class="gear"></div>
  <div class="after"></div>
  <div class="gear"></div>
</div>

​

最后但并非最不重要的一点是，我仍然建议使用SVG方法，因为超过一定程度，这样的CSS动画将变得非常混乱:)

票数 15
EN
页面原文内容由Stack Overflow提供。腾讯云小微IT领域专用引擎提供翻译支持
原文链接：

https://stackoverflow.com/questions/28693659

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