blocks|key|329096|text|先回答你的第二个问题。如果你使用的是JUnit+4，你可以用注释你的测试|type|unstyled|depth|inlineStyleRanges|entityRanges|data|329097|@Test(expected=MyException.class)|code-block|syntax|javascript|329098|断言已发生异常。要使用mockito“模拟”异常，请使用|329099|when(myMock.doSomething()).thenThrow(new+MyException());|329100|entityMap^0|0|0|0|0^^$0|@$1|2|3|4|5|6|7|M|8|@]|9|@]|A|$]]|$1|B|3|C|5|D|7|N|8|@]|9|@]|A|$E|F]]|$1|G|3|H|5|6|7|O|8|@]|9|@]|A|$]]|$1|I|3|J|5|D|7|P|8|@]|9|@]|A|$E|F]]|$1|K|3|-4|5|6|7|Q|8|@]|9|@]|A|$]]]|L|$]]

To answer your second question first. If you're using JUnit 4, you can annotate your test with 

<pre><code>@Test(expected=MyException.class)
</code></pre>

to assert that an exception has occured. And to "mock" an exception with mockito, use

<pre><code>when(myMock.doSomething()).thenThrow(new MyException());
</code></pre>

blocks|key|111870|text|如果您还想测试异常消息，您可以使用JUnit的ExpectedException和Mockito：|type|unstyled|depth|inlineStyleRanges|entityRanges|data|111871|@Rule
public+ExpectedException+expectedException+=+ExpectedException.none();

@Test
public+void+testExceptionMessage()+throws+Exception+{
++++expectedException.expect(AnyException.class);
++++expectedException.expectMessage("The+expected+message");

++++given(foo.bar()).willThrow(new+AnyException("The+expected+message"));
}|code-block|syntax|javascript|111872|entityMap^0|0|0^^$0|@$1|2|3|4|5|6|7|I|8|@]|9|@]|A|$]]|$1|B|3|C|5|D|7|J|8|@]|9|@]|A|$E|F]]|$1|G|3|-4|5|6|7|K|8|@]|9|@]|A|$]]]|H|$]]

If you want to test the exception message as well you can use JUnit's ExpectedException with Mockito:

<pre><code>@Rule
public ExpectedException expectedException = ExpectedException.none();

@Test
public void testExceptionMessage() throws Exception {
 expectedException.expect(AnyException.class);
 expectedException.expectMessage("The expected message");

 given(foo.bar()).willThrow(new AnyException("The expected message"));
}
</code></pre>

blocks|key|329410|text|如果您使用的是Mockito4和JUnit+1.10.x，请使用以下命令注释您的测试方法：|type|unstyled|depth|inlineStyleRanges|entityRanges|data|329411|@Test(expected+=+AnyException.class)|code-block|syntax|javascript|329412|要抛出所需的异常，请使用：|329413|Mockito.doThrow(new+AnyException()).when(obj).callAnyMethod();|329414|entityMap^0|0|0|0|0^^$0|@$1|2|3|4|5|6|7|M|8|@]|9|@]|A|$]]|$1|B|3|C|5|D|7|N|8|@]|9|@]|A|$E|F]]|$1|G|3|H|5|6|7|O|8|@]|9|@]|A|$]]|$1|I|3|J|5|D|7|P|8|@]|9|@]|A|$E|F]]|$1|K|3|-4|5|6|7|Q|8|@]|9|@]|A|$]]]|L|$]]

If you're using JUnit 4, and Mockito 1.10.x
Annotate your test method with:

<pre><code>@Test(expected = AnyException.class)
</code></pre>

and to throw your desired exception use:

<pre><code>Mockito.doThrow(new AnyException()).when(obj).callAnyMethod();
</code></pre>

blocks|key|111726|text|让异常像这样发生：|type|unstyled|depth|inlineStyleRanges|entityRanges|data|111727|when(obj.someMethod()).thenThrow(new+AnException());|code-block|syntax|javascript|111728|通过断言您的测试将抛出这样的异常来验证它是否已经发生：|111729|@Test(expected+=+AnException.class)|111730|或者通过正常的模拟验证：|111731|verify(obj).someMethod();|111732|如果您的测试旨在证明中间代码处理异常(即不会从您的测试方法中抛出异常)，则后一种选择是必需的。|111733|entityMap^0|0|0|0|0|0|0|0^^$0|@$1|2|3|4|5|6|7|S|8|@]|9|@]|A|$]]|$1|B|3|C|5|D|7|T|8|@]|9|@]|A|$E|F]]|$1|G|3|H|5|6|7|U|8|@]|9|@]|A|$]]|$1|I|3|J|5|D|7|V|8|@]|9|@]|A|$E|F]]|$1|K|3|L|5|6|7|W|8|@]|9|@]|A|$]]|$1|M|3|N|5|D|7|X|8|@]|9|@]|A|$E|F]]|$1|O|3|P|5|6|7|Y|8|@]|9|@]|A|$]]|$1|Q|3|-4|5|6|7|Z|8|@]|9|@]|A|$]]]|R|$]]

Make the exception happen like this:

<pre><code>when(obj.someMethod()).thenThrow(new AnException());
</code></pre>

Verify it has happened either by asserting that your test will throw such an exception:

<pre><code>@Test(expected = AnException.class)
</code></pre>

Or by normal mock verification:

<pre><code>verify(obj).someMethod();
</code></pre>

The latter option is required if your test is designed to prove intermediate code handles the exception (i.e. the exception won't be thrown from your test method).

blocks|key|329677|text|使用Mockito's+doThrow，然后捕获所需的异常以断言它是稍后抛出的。|type|unstyled|depth|inlineStyleRanges|entityRanges|offset|length|data|329678|@Test
public+void+fooShouldThrowMyException()+{
++++//+given
++++val+myClass+=+new+MyClass();
++++val+arg+=+mock(MyArgument.class);
++++doThrow(MyException.class).when(arg).argMethod(any());
++++Exception+exception+=+null;

++++//+when
++++try+{
++++++++myClass.foo(arg);
++++}+catch+(MyException+t)+{
++++++++exception+=+t;
++++}

++++//+then
++++assertNotNull(exception);
}|code-block|syntax|javascript|329679|entityMap|0|LINK|mutability|MUTABLE|url|https://static.javadoc.io/org.mockito/mockito-core/2.23.4/org/mockito/Mockito.html#12^0|2|H|0|0|0^^$0|@$1|2|3|4|5|6|7|Q|8|@]|9|@$A|R|B|S|1|T]]|C|$]]|$1|D|3|E|5|F|7|U|8|@]|9|@]|C|$G|H]]|$1|I|3|-4|5|6|7|V|8|@]|9|@]|C|$]]]|J|$K|$5|L|M|N|C|$O|P]]]]

Use <a href="https://static.javadoc.io/org.mockito/mockito-core/2.23.4/org/mockito/Mockito.html#12" rel="noreferrer">Mockito's doThrow</a> and then catch the desired exception to assert it was thrown later.

<pre><code>@Test
public void fooShouldThrowMyException() {
 // given
 val myClass = new MyClass();
 val arg = mock(MyArgument.class);
 doThrow(MyException.class).when(arg).argMethod(any());
 Exception exception = null;

 // when
 try {
 myClass.foo(arg);
 } catch (MyException t) {
 exception = t;
 }

 // then
 assertNotNull(exception);
}
</code></pre>

blocks|key|329716|text|我想这对你来说应该足够了。|type|unstyled|depth|inlineStyleRanges|entityRanges|data|329717|assertThrows(someException.class，()->+mockedServiceReference.someMethod(param1，parme2，..))；|329718|entityMap^0|0|0^^$0|@$1|2|3|4|5|6|7|F|8|@]|9|@]|A|$]]|$1|B|3|C|5|6|7|G|8|@]|9|@]|A|$]]|$1|D|3|-4|5|6|7|H|8|@]|9|@]|A|$]]]|E|$]]

I think this should do it for you.
assertThrows(someException.class,
()-&gt; mockedServiceReference.someMethod(param1,parme2,..));

blocks|key|111947|text|或者，如果异常是从类的构造函数抛出的：|type|unstyled|depth|inlineStyleRanges|entityRanges|data|111948|@Rule
public+ExpectedException+exception+=+ExpectedException.none();

@Test
public+void+myTest()+{++++

++++exception.expect(MyException.class);
++++CustomClass+myClass=+mock(CustomClass.class);
++++doThrow(new+MyException("constructor+failed")).when(myClass);++

}|code-block|syntax|javascript|111949|entityMap^0|0|0^^$0|@$1|2|3|4|5|6|7|I|8|@]|9|@]|A|$]]|$1|B|3|C|5|D|7|J|8|@]|9|@]|A|$E|F]]|$1|G|3|-4|5|6|7|K|8|@]|9|@]|A|$]]]|H|$]]

Or if your exception is thrown from the constructor of a class: 

<pre><code>@Rule
public ExpectedException exception = ExpectedException.none();

@Test
public void myTest() { 

 exception.expect(MyException.class);
 CustomClass myClass= mock(CustomClass.class);
 doThrow(new MyException("constructor failed")).when(myClass); 

}
</code></pre>

blocks|key|111909|text|与mockito无关，可以捕获异常并断言其属性。若要验证是否确实发生了异常，请在引发异常的语句后的try块中断言false条件。|type|unstyled|depth|inlineStyleRanges|entityRanges|data|111910|entityMap^0|0^^$0|@$1|2|3|4|5|6|7|D|8|@]|9|@]|A|$]]|$1|B|3|-4|5|6|7|E|8|@]|9|@]|A|$]]]|C|$]]

Unrelated to mockito, one can catch the exception and assert its properties. To verify that the exception did happen, assert a false condition within the try block after the statement that throws the exception.

blocks|key|111940|text|Assert+by+exception消息：|type|unstyled|depth|inlineStyleRanges|entityRanges|data|111941|++++try+{
++++++++MyAgent.getNameByNode("d");
++++}+catch+(Exception+e)+{
++++++++Assert.assertEquals("Failed+to+fetch+data.",+e.getMessage());
++++}|code-block|syntax|javascript|111942|entityMap^0|0|0^^$0|@$1|2|3|4|5|6|7|I|8|@]|9|@]|A|$]]|$1|B|3|C|5|D|7|J|8|@]|9|@]|A|$E|F]]|$1|G|3|-4|5|6|7|K|8|@]|9|@]|A|$]]]|H|$]]

Assert by exception message:

<pre><code> try {
 MyAgent.getNameByNode("d");
 } catch (Exception e) {
 Assert.assertEquals("Failed to fetch data.", e.getMessage());
 }
</code></pre>

I'm using mockito in a junit test. How do you make an exception happen and then assert that it has (generic pseudo-code)

Mockito How to mock and assert a thrown exception?

我在junit测试中使用mockito。如何使异常发生，然后断言它已经发生(泛型伪代码)？

问Mockito如何模拟和断言抛出的异常？
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回答 9

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