使用python-telegram-bot构建菜单的正确方法
使用python-telegram-bot构建菜单的正确方法
提问于 2018-07-02 01:12:41
我使用python-telegram-bot，并尝试像BotFather机器人那样构建一个嵌套菜单系统。例如，你有一个通用的机器人菜单。
在那里你可以选择"Edit Bot“并获得新的相应菜单
具有返回到上一菜单的选项。
我试着用代码来实现：
# main menu
def start(bot, update):
menu_main = [[InlineKeyboardButton('Option 1', callback_data='m1')],
[InlineKeyboardButton('Option 2', callback_data='m2')],
[InlineKeyboardButton('Option 3', callback_data='m3')]]
reply_markup = InlineKeyboardMarkup(menu_main)
update.message.reply_text('Choose the option:', reply_markup=reply_markup)
# all other menus
def menu_actions(bot, update):
query = update.callback_query
if query.data == 'm1':
# first submenu
menu_1 = [[InlineKeyboardButton('Submenu 1-1', callback_data='m1_1')],
[InlineKeyboardButton('Submenu 1-2', callback_data='m1_2')]]
reply_markup = InlineKeyboardMarkup(menu_1)
bot.edit_message_text(chat_id=query.message.chat_id,
message_id=query.message.message_id,
text='Choose the option:',
reply_markup=reply_markup)
elif query.data == 'm2':
# second submenu
# first submenu
menu_2 = [[InlineKeyboardButton('Submenu 2-1', callback_data='m2_1')],
[InlineKeyboardButton('Submenu 2-2', callback_data='m2_2')]]
reply_markup = InlineKeyboardMarkup(menu_2)
bot.edit_message_text(chat_id=query.message.chat_id,
message_id=query.message.message_id,
text='Choose the option:',
reply_markup=reply_markup)
elif query.data == 'm1_1':
...
elif query.data == 'm1_2':
...
# and so on for every callback_data option
...
# handlers
dispatcher.add_handler(CommandHandler('start', start))
dispatcher.add_handler(CallbackQueryHandler(menu_actions))这段代码可以工作，但是我有一种感觉--构建一个很长的elif树是不合理的。
此外，我不知道如何为用户提供从二级菜单返回主菜单的选项(因为主菜单位于另一个处理程序中，并且我无法通过CallbackQueryHandler的回调来捕获它)。
所以问题是--构建这种菜单系统的最佳实践是什么？
回答 1
Stack Overflow用户
发布于 2020-04-06 15:30:12
@dzNET回答得很好。但它在V12中不起作用，所以我做了一点修改
from telegram.ext import CommandHandler, CallbackQueryHandler
from telegram import InlineKeyboardButton, InlineKeyboardMarkup
############################### Bot ############################################
def start(update, context):
update.message.reply_text(main_menu_message(),
reply_markup=main_menu_keyboard())
def main_menu(update,context):
query = update.callback_query
query.answer()
query.edit_message_text(
text=main_menu_message(),
reply_markup=main_menu_keyboard())
def first_menu(update,context):
query = update.callback_query
query.answer()
query.edit_message_text(
text=first_menu_message(),
reply_markup=first_menu_keyboard())
def second_menu(update,context):
query = update.callback_query
query.answer()
query.edit_message_text(
text=second_menu_message(),
reply_markup=second_menu_keyboard())
# and so on for every callback_data option
def first_submenu(bot, update):
pass
def second_submenu(bot, update):
pass
############################ Keyboards #########################################
def main_menu_keyboard():
keyboard = [[InlineKeyboardButton('Option 1', callback_data='m1')],
[InlineKeyboardButton('Option 2', callback_data='m2')],
[InlineKeyboardButton('Option 3', callback_data='m3')]]
return InlineKeyboardMarkup(keyboard)
def first_menu_keyboard():
keyboard = [[InlineKeyboardButton('Submenu 1-1', callback_data='m1_1')],
[InlineKeyboardButton('Submenu 1-2', callback_data='m1_2')],
[InlineKeyboardButton('Main menu', callback_data='main')]]
return InlineKeyboardMarkup(keyboard)
def second_menu_keyboard():
keyboard = [[InlineKeyboardButton('Submenu 2-1', callback_data='m2_1')],
[InlineKeyboardButton('Submenu 2-2', callback_data='m2_2')],
[InlineKeyboardButton('Main menu', callback_data='main')]]
return InlineKeyboardMarkup(keyboard)
############################# Messages #########################################
def main_menu_message():
return 'Choose the option in main menu:'
def first_menu_message():
return 'Choose the submenu in first menu:'
def second_menu_message():
return 'Choose the submenu in second menu:'
############################# Handlers #########################################
updater = Updater('YOUR_TOKEN_HERE', use_context=True)
updater.dispatcher.add_handler(CommandHandler('start', start))
updater.dispatcher.add_handler(CallbackQueryHandler(main_menu, pattern='main'))
updater.dispatcher.add_handler(CallbackQueryHandler(first_menu, pattern='m1'))
updater.dispatcher.add_handler(CallbackQueryHandler(second_menu, pattern='m2'))
updater.dispatcher.add_handler(CallbackQueryHandler(first_submenu,
pattern='m1_1'))
updater.dispatcher.add_handler(CallbackQueryHandler(second_submenu,
pattern='m2_1'))
updater.start_polling()再次感谢@dzNET
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原文链接：
https://stackoverflow.com/questions/51125356
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