Python Tkinter自动完成组合框与LIKE搜索？
Python Tkinter自动完成组合框与LIKE搜索？
提问于 2017-12-16 05:01:58
我正在尝试使用预定义的值填充Tkinter组合框，以便从中进行选择。它正在普及，我能够输入并获得建议。然而，为了做到这一点，我必须明确地知道前几个字符。如果我知道在字符串的中间或结尾有一些文本，它是没有用的，因为组合框只执行'LIKE%‘搜索，而不是'%LIKE%’搜索。
预期输出(键入单词“string”将获取包含该字符串的所有名称。注意:这不是Tkinter截图()：
这是我到目前为止对代码的改编，如果有人能建议如何修改AutocompleteCombobox类来做LIKE搜索，那就太好了。
下面的代码片段，作为示例，具有值"Cranberry“和"Strawberry”，我的要求是输入"berry“并获取这两个水果的建议。
import Tkinter
import ttk
import sqlite3
class AutocompleteCombobox(ttk.Combobox):
def set_completion_list(self, completion_list):
"""Use our completion list as our drop down selection menu, arrows move through menu."""
self._completion_list = sorted(completion_list, key=str.lower) # Work with a sorted list
self._hits = []
self._hit_index = 0
self.position = 0
self.bind('<KeyRelease>', self.handle_keyrelease)
self['values'] = self._completion_list # Setup our popup menu
def autocomplete(self, delta=0):
"""autocomplete the Combobox, delta may be 0/1/-1 to cycle through possible hits"""
if delta: # need to delete selection otherwise we would fix the current position
self.delete(self.position, Tkinter.END)
else: # set position to end so selection starts where textentry ended
self.position = len(self.get())
# collect hits
_hits = []
for element in self._completion_list:
if element.lower().startswith(self.get().lower()): # Match case insensitively
_hits.append(element)
# if we have a new hit list, keep this in mind
if _hits != self._hits:
self._hit_index = 0
self._hits=_hits
# only allow cycling if we are in a known hit list
if _hits == self._hits and self._hits:
self._hit_index = (self._hit_index + delta) % len(self._hits)
# now finally perform the auto completion
if self._hits:
self.delete(0,Tkinter.END)
self.insert(0,self._hits[self._hit_index])
self.select_range(self.position,Tkinter.END)
def handle_keyrelease(self, event):
"""event handler for the keyrelease event on this widget"""
if event.keysym == "BackSpace":
self.delete(self.index(Tkinter.INSERT), Tkinter.END)
self.position = self.index(Tkinter.END)
if event.keysym == "Left":
if self.position < self.index(Tkinter.END): # delete the selection
self.delete(self.position, Tkinter.END)
else:
self.position = self.position-1 # delete one character
self.delete(self.position, Tkinter.END)
if event.keysym == "Right":
self.position = self.index(Tkinter.END) # go to end (no selection)
if len(event.keysym) == 1:
self.autocomplete()
# No need for up/down, we'll jump to the popup
# list at the position of the autocompletion
def test(test_list):
"""Run a mini application to test the AutocompleteEntry Widget."""
root = Tkinter.Tk(className='AutocompleteCombobox')
combo = AutocompleteCombobox(root)
combo.set_completion_list(test_list)
combo.pack()
combo.focus_set()
# I used a tiling WM with no controls, added a shortcut to quit
root.bind('<Control-Q>', lambda event=None: root.destroy())
root.bind('<Control-q>', lambda event=None: root.destroy())
root.mainloop()
if __name__ == '__main__':
test_list = ('apple', 'banana', 'Cranberry', 'dogwood', 'alpha', 'Acorn', 'Anise', 'Strawberry' )
test(test_list)回答 1
Stack Overflow用户
回答已采纳
发布于 2017-12-16 06:45:10
我怀疑你需要
if self.get().lower() in element.lower():而不是
if element.lower().startswith(self.get().lower()):要像在数据库中使用%LIKE%一样获取数据
但我不知道你是否得到了好的效果，因为这个Combobox用建议代替了文本，所以如果你输入be，它就会找到Cranberry，并把be放在适当的位置，这样你就不能写ber了。
也许你应该将Cranberry显示为单独的(下拉)列表，或者弹出式提示。
或者，您可能必须使用string.find()在Cranberry中突出显示正确的位置，然后继续在正确的位置键入ber。
EDIT:如何使用Entry和Listbox显示过滤列表的示例
在listbox_update中，我添加了排序列表(比较小写字符串)
#!/usr/bin/env python3
import tkinter as tk
def on_keyrelease(event):
# get text from entry
value = event.widget.get()
value = value.strip().lower()
# get data from test_list
if value == '':
data = test_list
else:
data = []
for item in test_list:
if value in item.lower():
data.append(item)
# update data in listbox
listbox_update(data)
def listbox_update(data):
# delete previous data
listbox.delete(0, 'end')
# sorting data
data = sorted(data, key=str.lower)
# put new data
for item in data:
listbox.insert('end', item)
def on_select(event):
# display element selected on list
print('(event) previous:', event.widget.get('active'))
print('(event) current:', event.widget.get(event.widget.curselection()))
print('---')
# --- main ---
test_list = ('apple', 'banana', 'Cranberry', 'dogwood', 'alpha', 'Acorn', 'Anise', 'Strawberry' )
root = tk.Tk()
entry = tk.Entry(root)
entry.pack()
entry.bind('<KeyRelease>', on_keyrelease)
listbox = tk.Listbox(root)
listbox.pack()
#listbox.bind('<Double-Button-1>', on_select)
listbox.bind('<<ListboxSelect>>', on_select)
listbox_update(test_list)
root.mainloop()从完整列表开始
稍后仅包含已过滤的项目
编辑: 2020.07.21
如果要使用<KeyPress>，则必须更改on_keyrelease并使用event.char、event.keysym和/或event.keycode，因为KeyPress是在tkinter更新Entry中的文本之前执行的，并且您必须将event.char添加到<代码>D31中的文本(或在按<代码>D32时删除最后一个字符)
if event.keysym == 'BackSpace':
value = event.widget.get()[:-1] # remove last char
else:
value = event.widget.get() + event.char # add new char at the end它可能需要对其他特殊键Ctrl+A、Ctrl+X、Ctrl+C、Ctrl+E等进行其他更改，这会造成很大的问题。
#!/usr/bin/env python3
import tkinter as tk
def on_keypress(event):
print(event)
print(event.state & 4) # Control
print(event.keysym == 'a')
# get text from entry
if event.keysym == 'BackSpace':
# remove last char
value = event.widget.get()[:-1]
elif (event.state & 4): # and (event.keysym in ('a', 'c', 'x', 'e')):
value = event.widget.get()
else:
# add new char at the end
value = event.widget.get() + event.char
#TODO: other special keys
value = value.strip().lower()
# get data from test_list
if value == '':
data = test_list
else:
data = []
for item in test_list:
if value in item.lower():
data.append(item)
# update data in listbox
listbox_update(data)
def listbox_update(data):
# delete previous data
listbox.delete(0, 'end')
# sorting data
data = sorted(data, key=str.lower)
# put new data
for item in data:
listbox.insert('end', item)
def on_select(event):
# display element selected on list
print('(event) previous:', event.widget.get('active'))
print('(event) current:', event.widget.get(event.widget.curselection()))
print('---')
# --- main ---
test_list = ('apple', 'banana', 'Cranberry', 'dogwood', 'alpha', 'Acorn', 'Anise', 'Strawberry' )
root = tk.Tk()
entry = tk.Entry(root)
entry.pack()
entry.bind('<KeyPress>', on_keypress)
listbox = tk.Listbox(root)
listbox.pack()
#listbox.bind('<Double-Button-1>', on_select)
listbox.bind('<<ListboxSelect>>', on_select)
listbox_update(test_list)
root.mainloop()BTW:
您还可以将Entry中的textvariable与StringVar和trace一起使用，后者在StringVar更改内容时执行函数。
var_text = tk.StringVar()
var_text.trace('w', on_change)
entry = tk.Entry(root, textvariable=var_text)
entry.pack()#!/usr/bin/env python3
import tkinter as tk
def on_change(*args):
#print(args)
value = var_text.get()
value = value.strip().lower()
# get data from test_list
if value == '':
data = test_list
else:
data = []
for item in test_list:
if value in item.lower():
data.append(item)
# update data in listbox
listbox_update(data)
def listbox_update(data):
# delete previous data
listbox.delete(0, 'end')
# sorting data
data = sorted(data, key=str.lower)
# put new data
for item in data:
listbox.insert('end', item)
def on_select(event):
# display element selected on list
print('(event) previous:', event.widget.get('active'))
print('(event) current:', event.widget.get(event.widget.curselection()))
print('---')
# --- main ---
test_list = ('apple', 'banana', 'Cranberry', 'dogwood', 'alpha', 'Acorn', 'Anise', 'Strawberry' )
root = tk.Tk()
var_text = tk.StringVar()
var_text.trace('w', on_change)
entry = tk.Entry(root, textvariable=var_text)
entry.pack()
listbox = tk.Listbox(root)
listbox.pack()
#listbox.bind('<Double-Button-1>', on_select)
listbox.bind('<<ListboxSelect>>', on_select)
listbox_update(test_list)
root.mainloop()页面原文内容由Stack Overflow提供。腾讯云小微IT领域专用引擎提供翻译支持
原文链接：
https://stackoverflow.com/questions/47839813
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