blocks|key|4332528|text|当使用测试自动化时，开发人员使软件可测试是至关重要的。您的工作是结合可测试性检查软件，这意味着您需要请求一个微调控件或一个简单的HTML标记，以指示下载何时成功完成。|type|unstyled|depth|inlineStyleRanges|entityRanges|data|4332529|在像您这样的情况下，您无法在UI中检查它，也无法签入系统，这是解决它的最好方法。|4332530|entityMap^0|0|0^^$0|@$1|2|3|4|5|6|7|F|8|@]|9|@]|A|$]]|$1|B|3|C|5|6|7|G|8|@]|9|@]|A|$]]|$1|D|3|-4|5|6|7|H|8|@]|9|@]|A|$]]]|E|$]]

When using test automation, its crucial that developers make the software testable. It is your job to check the software combined with the testability, meaning that you need to request a spinner or a simple HTML tag which indicates when the download is done successfully.

In a case as yours, where you cannot check it in the UI and you cannot check in system, this is the best way to solve it.

blocks|key|4332595|text|您可以通过使用驱动程序访问chrome://downloads/来获取每次下载的状态。|type|unstyled|depth|inlineStyleRanges|offset|length|style|CODE|entityRanges|data|4332596|要等待所有下载完成并列出所有路径，请执行以下操作：|4332597|def+every_downloads_chrome(driver):
++++if+not+driver.current_url.startswith("chrome://downloads"):
++++++++driver.get("chrome://downloads/")
++++return+driver.execute_script("""
++++++++var+items+=+document.querySelector('downloads-manager')
++++++++++++.shadowRoot.getElementById('downloadsList').items;
++++++++if+(items.every(e+=>+e.state+===+"COMPLETE"))
++++++++++++return+items.map(e+=>+e.fileUrl+%7C%7C+e.file_url);
++++++++""")


#+waits+for+all+the+files+to+be+completed+and+returns+the+paths
paths+=+WebDriverWait(driver,+120,+1).until(every_downloads_chrome)
print(paths)|code-block|syntax|javascript|4332598|已更新为支持版本81之前的更改。|4332599|entityMap^0|D|J|0|0|0|0^^$0|@$1|2|3|4|5|6|7|Q|8|@$9|R|A|S|B|C]]|D|@]|E|$]]|$1|F|3|G|5|6|7|T|8|@]|D|@]|E|$]]|$1|H|3|I|5|J|7|U|8|@]|D|@]|E|$K|L]]|$1|M|3|N|5|6|7|V|8|@]|D|@]|E|$]]|$1|O|3|-4|5|6|7|W|8|@]|D|@]|E|$]]]|P|$]]

You can get the status of each download by visiting <code>chrome://downloads/</code> with the driver.
To wait for all the downloads to finish and to list all the paths:
<pre><code>def every_downloads_chrome(driver):
 if not driver.current_url.startswith(&quot;chrome://downloads&quot;):
 driver.get(&quot;chrome://downloads/&quot;)
 return driver.execute_script(&quot;&quot;&quot;
 var items = document.querySelector('downloads-manager')
 .shadowRoot.getElementById('downloadsList').items;
 if (items.every(e =&gt; e.state === &quot;COMPLETE&quot;))
 return items.map(e =&gt; e.fileUrl || e.file_url);
 &quot;&quot;&quot;)


# waits for all the files to be completed and returns the paths
paths = WebDriverWait(driver, 120, 1).until(every_downloads_chrome)
print(paths)
</code></pre>
Was updated to support changes till version 81.

blocks|key|4332714|text|我也遇到过同样的问题，并找到了解决方案。您可以检查下载文件夹中是否有.crdownload。如果下载文件夹中具有.crdownload扩展名的文件有0个实例，则所有下载都已完成。这只适用于铬和铬，我想。|type|unstyled|depth|inlineStyleRanges|entityRanges|data|4332715|def+downloads_done():
++++while+True:
++++++++for+filename+in+os.listdir("/downloads"):
++++++++++++if+".crdownload"+in+i:
++++++++++++++++time.sleep(0.5)
++++++++++++++++downloads_done()|code-block|syntax|javascript|4332716|无论何时调用downloads_done()，它都会循环执行，直到所有下载完成。如果你正在下载像80G这样的大文件，那么我不推荐这样做，因为这样函数就可以达到最大的递归深度。|4332717|2020编辑：|4332718|def+wait_for_downloads():
++++print("Waiting+for+downloads",+end="")
++++while+any([filename.endswith(".crdownload")+for+filename+in+
+++++++++++++++os.listdir("/downloads")]):
++++++++time.sleep(2)
++++++++print(".",+end="")
++++print("done!")|4332719|print()中的"end“关键字参数通常包含换行符，但我们将其替换。虽然在/downloads文件夹中没有文件名以.crdownload休眠2秒结束，并且在控制台中打印一个不带换行符的圆点|4332720|我真的不再推荐在发现请求之后使用selenium，但如果它是一个非常严密保护的站点，使用cloudflare和captchas等，那么您可能不得不求助于selenium。|4332721|entityMap^0|0|0|0|0|0|0|0^^$0|@$1|2|3|4|5|6|7|S|8|@]|9|@]|A|$]]|$1|B|3|C|5|D|7|T|8|@]|9|@]|A|$E|F]]|$1|G|3|H|5|6|7|U|8|@]|9|@]|A|$]]|$1|I|3|J|5|6|7|V|8|@]|9|@]|A|$]]|$1|K|3|L|5|D|7|W|8|@]|9|@]|A|$E|F]]|$1|M|3|N|5|6|7|X|8|@]|9|@]|A|$]]|$1|O|3|P|5|6|7|Y|8|@]|9|@]|A|$]]|$1|Q|3|-4|5|6|7|Z|8|@]|9|@]|A|$]]]|R|$]]

I have had the same problem and found a solution. You can check weither or not a .crdownload is in your download folder. If there are 0 instances of a file with .crdownload extension in the download folder then all your downloads are completed. This only works for chrome and chromium i think.
<pre><code>def downloads_done():
 while True:
 for filename in os.listdir(&quot;/downloads&quot;):
 if &quot;.crdownload&quot; in i:
 time.sleep(0.5)
 downloads_done()
</code></pre>
Whenever you call downloads_done() it will loop itself untill all downloads are completed. If you are downloading massive files like 80 gigabytes then i don't recommend this because then the function can reach maximum recursion depth.
2020 edit:
<pre><code>def wait_for_downloads():
 print(&quot;Waiting for downloads&quot;, end=&quot;&quot;)
 while any([filename.endswith(&quot;.crdownload&quot;) for filename in 
 os.listdir(&quot;/downloads&quot;)]):
 time.sleep(2)
 print(&quot;.&quot;, end=&quot;&quot;)
 print(&quot;done!&quot;)
</code></pre>
The &quot;end&quot; keyword argument in print() usually holds a newline but we replace it.
While there are no filenames in the /downloads folder that end with .crdownload
sleep for 2 seconds and print one dot without newline to console
I don't really recommend using selenium anymore after finding out about requests but if it's a very heavily guarded site with cloudflare and captchas etc then you might have to resort to selenium.

blocks|key|4332820|text|使用Chrome+80时，我必须通过以下代码将答案从@florent+b更改为：|type|unstyled|depth|inlineStyleRanges|entityRanges|data|4332821|def+every_downloads_chrome(driver):
++++if+not+driver.current_url.startswith("chrome://downloads"):
++++++++driver.get("chrome://downloads/")
++++return+driver.execute_script("""
++++++++return+document.querySelector('downloads-manager')
++++++++.shadowRoot.querySelector('#downloadsList')
++++++++.items.filter(e+=>+e.state+===+'COMPLETE')
++++++++.map(e+=>+e.filePath+%7C%7C+e.file_path+%7C%7C+e.fileUrl+%7C%7C+e.file_url);
++++++++""")|code-block|syntax|javascript|4332822|我相信这是复古兼容的，我的意思是这应该适用于老版本的Chrome。|4332823|entityMap^0|0|0|0^^$0|@$1|2|3|4|5|6|7|K|8|@]|9|@]|A|$]]|$1|B|3|C|5|D|7|L|8|@]|9|@]|A|$E|F]]|$1|G|3|H|5|6|7|M|8|@]|9|@]|A|$]]|$1|I|3|-4|5|6|7|N|8|@]|9|@]|A|$]]]|J|$]]

With Chrome 80, I had to change the answer from @florent-b by the code below:
<pre class="lang-python prettyprint-override"><code>def every_downloads_chrome(driver):
 if not driver.current_url.startswith(&quot;chrome://downloads&quot;):
 driver.get(&quot;chrome://downloads/&quot;)
 return driver.execute_script(&quot;&quot;&quot;
 return document.querySelector('downloads-manager')
 .shadowRoot.querySelector('#downloadsList')
 .items.filter(e =&gt; e.state === 'COMPLETE')
 .map(e =&gt; e.filePath || e.file_path || e.fileUrl || e.file_url);
 &quot;&quot;&quot;)
</code></pre>
I believe this is retro-compatible, I mean this shall be working with older versions of Chrome.

blocks|key|4332913|text|在无头模式下运行Chrome时，打开chrome://downloads/会出现问题。|type|unstyled|depth|inlineStyleRanges|offset|length|style|CODE|entityRanges|data|4332914|下面的函数使用一种复合方法，无论模式是否是无头模式，都可以选择在每种模式中可用的更好的方法。|4332915|它假定调用者在每次调用此函数后清除从file_download_path下载的所有文件。|4332916|import+os
import+logging
from+selenium.webdriver.support.ui+import+WebDriverWait

def+wait_for_downloads(driver,+file_download_path,+headless=False,+num_files=1):
++++max_delay+=+60
++++interval_delay+=+0.5
++++if+headless:
++++++++total_delay+=+0
++++++++done+=+False
++++++++while+not+done+and+total_delay+<+max_delay:
++++++++++++files+=+os.listdir(file_download_path)
++++++++++++#+Remove+system+files+if+present:+Mac+adds+the+.DS_Store+file
++++++++++++if+'.DS_Store'+in+files:
++++++++++++++++files.remove('.DS_Store')
++++++++++++if+len(files)+==+num_files+and+not+[f+for+f+in+files+if+f.endswith('.crdownload')]:
++++++++++++++++done+=+True
++++++++++++else:
++++++++++++++++total_delay+%2B=+interval_delay
++++++++++++++++time.sleep(interval_delay)
++++++++if+not+done:
++++++++++++logging.error("File(s)+couldn't+be+downloaded")
++++else:
++++++++def+all_downloads_completed(driver,+num_files):
++++++++++++return+driver.execute_script("""
++++++++++++++++var+items+=+document.querySelector('downloads-manager').shadowRoot.querySelector('#downloadsList').items;
++++++++++++++++var+i;
++++++++++++++++var+done+=+false;
++++++++++++++++var+count+=+0;
++++++++++++++++for+(i+=+0;+i+<+items.length;+i%2B%2B)+{
++++++++++++++++++++if+(items[i].state+===+'COMPLETE')+{count%2B%2B;}
++++++++++++++++}
++++++++++++++++if+(count+===+%25d)+{done+=+true;}
++++++++++++++++return+done;
++++++++++++++++"""+%25+(num_files))

++++++++driver.execute_script("window.open();")
++++++++driver.switch_to_window(driver.window_handles[1])
++++++++driver.get('chrome://downloads/')
++++++++#+Wait+for+downloads+to+complete
++++++++WebDriverWait(driver,+max_delay,+interval_delay).until(lambda+d:+all_downloads_completed(d,+num_files))
++++++++#+Clear+all+downloads+from+chrome://downloads/
++++++++driver.execute_script("""
++++++++++++document.querySelector('downloads-manager').shadowRoot
++++++++++++.querySelector('#toolbar').shadowRoot
++++++++++++.querySelector('#moreActionsMenu')
++++++++++++.querySelector('button.clear-all').click()
++++++++++++""")
++++++++driver.close()
++++++++driver.switch_to_window(driver.window_handles[0])|code-block|syntax|javascript|4332917|entityMap^0|I|J|0|0|I|I|0|0^^$0|@$1|2|3|4|5|6|7|Q|8|@$9|R|A|S|B|C]]|D|@]|E|$]]|$1|F|3|G|5|6|7|T|8|@]|D|@]|E|$]]|$1|H|3|I|5|6|7|U|8|@$9|V|A|W|B|C]]|D|@]|E|$]]|$1|J|3|K|5|L|7|X|8|@]|D|@]|E|$M|N]]|$1|O|3|-4|5|6|7|Y|8|@]|D|@]|E|$]]]|P|$]]

There are issues with opening <code>chrome://downloads/</code> when running Chrome in headless mode.

The following function uses a composite approach that works whether the mode is headless or not, choosing the better approach available in each mode.

It assumes that the caller clears all files downloaded at <code>file_download_path</code> after each call to this function.

<pre><code>import os
import logging
from selenium.webdriver.support.ui import WebDriverWait

def wait_for_downloads(driver, file_download_path, headless=False, num_files=1):
 max_delay = 60
 interval_delay = 0.5
 if headless:
 total_delay = 0
 done = False
 while not done and total_delay &lt; max_delay:
 files = os.listdir(file_download_path)
 # Remove system files if present: Mac adds the .DS_Store file
 if '.DS_Store' in files:
 files.remove('.DS_Store')
 if len(files) == num_files and not [f for f in files if f.endswith('.crdownload')]:
 done = True
 else:
 total_delay += interval_delay
 time.sleep(interval_delay)
 if not done:
 logging.error("File(s) couldn't be downloaded")
 else:
 def all_downloads_completed(driver, num_files):
 return driver.execute_script("""
 var items = document.querySelector('downloads-manager').shadowRoot.querySelector('#downloadsList').items;
 var i;
 var done = false;
 var count = 0;
 for (i = 0; i &lt; items.length; i++) {
 if (items[i].state === 'COMPLETE') {count++;}
 }
 if (count === %d) {done = true;}
 return done;
 """ % (num_files))

 driver.execute_script("window.open();")
 driver.switch_to_window(driver.window_handles[1])
 driver.get('chrome://downloads/')
 # Wait for downloads to complete
 WebDriverWait(driver, max_delay, interval_delay).until(lambda d: all_downloads_completed(d, num_files))
 # Clear all downloads from chrome://downloads/
 driver.execute_script("""
 document.querySelector('downloads-manager').shadowRoot
 .querySelector('#toolbar').shadowRoot
 .querySelector('#moreActionsMenu')
 .querySelector('button.clear-all').click()
 """)
 driver.close()
 driver.switch_to_window(driver.window_handles[0])
</code></pre>

blocks|key|4333252|text|这可能并不适用于所有的用例，但对于我的简单需要，等待一个pdf下载它很好。基于Walter's+comment+above。|type|unstyled|depth|inlineStyleRanges|entityRanges|offset|length|data|4333253|def+get_non_temp_len(download_dir):
++++non_temp_files+=+[i+for+i+in+os.listdir(download_dir)+if+not+(i.endswith('.tmp')+or+i.endswith('.crdownload'))]
++++return+len(non_temp_files)

download_dir+=+'your/download/dir'
original_count+=+get_non_temp_len(download_dir)+#+get+the+file+count+at+the+start

#+do+your+selenium+stuff+

while+original_count+==+get_non_temp_len(download_dir):
++++time.sleep(.5)+#+wait+for+file+count+to+change
++++
driver.quit()|code-block|syntax|javascript|4333254|entityMap|0|LINK|mutability|MUTABLE|url|https://stackoverflow.com/a/51575537/10635222^0|13|M|0|0|0^^$0|@$1|2|3|4|5|6|7|Q|8|@]|9|@$A|R|B|S|1|T]]|C|$]]|$1|D|3|E|5|F|7|U|8|@]|9|@]|C|$G|H]]|$1|I|3|-4|5|6|7|V|8|@]|9|@]|C|$]]]|J|$K|$5|L|M|N|C|$O|P]]]]

This may not work for all usecases but for my simple need to wait for one pdf to download it works great. Based off of <a href="https://stackoverflow.com/a/51575537/10635222">Walter's comment above</a>.
<pre><code>def get_non_temp_len(download_dir):
 non_temp_files = [i for i in os.listdir(download_dir) if not (i.endswith('.tmp') or i.endswith('.crdownload'))]
 return len(non_temp_files)

download_dir = 'your/download/dir'
original_count = get_non_temp_len(download_dir) # get the file count at the start

# do your selenium stuff 

while original_count == get_non_temp_len(download_dir):
 time.sleep(.5) # wait for file count to change
 
driver.quit()
</code></pre>

blocks|key|4333039|text|要获得多个项目的返回值，我必须通过以下代码更改@thdox的答案：|type|unstyled|depth|inlineStyleRanges|entityRanges|data|4333040|def+every_downloads_chrome(driver):
++++if+not+driver.current_url.startswith("chrome://downloads"):
++++++++driver.get("chrome://downloads/")
++++return+driver.execute_script("""
++++++++var+elements+=+document.querySelector('downloads-manager')
++++++++.shadowRoot.querySelector('#downloadsList')
++++++++.items
++++++++if+(elements.every(e+=>+e.state+===+'COMPLETE'))
++++++++return+elements.map(e+=>+e.filePath+%7C%7C+e.file_path+%7C%7C+e.fileUrl+%7C%7C+e.file_url);
++++++++""")|code-block|syntax|javascript|4333041|entityMap^0|0|0^^$0|@$1|2|3|4|5|6|7|I|8|@]|9|@]|A|$]]|$1|B|3|C|5|D|7|J|8|@]|9|@]|A|$E|F]]|$1|G|3|-4|5|6|7|K|8|@]|9|@]|A|$]]]|H|$]]

To obtain the return of more than one item, I had to change the answer of @thdox by the code below:
<pre><code>def every_downloads_chrome(driver):
 if not driver.current_url.startswith(&quot;chrome://downloads&quot;):
 driver.get(&quot;chrome://downloads/&quot;)
 return driver.execute_script(&quot;&quot;&quot;
 var elements = document.querySelector('downloads-manager')
 .shadowRoot.querySelector('#downloadsList')
 .items
 if (elements.every(e =&gt; e.state === 'COMPLETE'))
 return elements.map(e =&gt; e.filePath || e.file_path || e.fileUrl || e.file_url);
 &quot;&quot;&quot;)
</code></pre>

blocks|key|4333082|text|此代码在无头模式下工作，并返回下载的文件名(基于@protonum代码)：|type|unstyled|depth|inlineStyleRanges|entityRanges|data|4333083|def+wait_for_downloads(download_path):
++++max_delay+=+30
++++interval_delay+=+0.5
++++total_delay+=+0
++++file+=+''
++++done+=+False
++++while+not+done+and+total_delay+<+max_delay:
++++++++files+=+[f+for+f+in+os.listdir(download_path)+if+f.endswith('.crdownload')]
++++++++if+not+files+and+len(file)+>+1:
++++++++++++done+=+True
++++++++if+files:
++++++++++++file+=+files[0]
++++++++time.sleep(interval_delay)
++++++++total_delay+%2B=+interval_delay
++++if+not+done:
++++++++logging.error("File(s)+couldn't+be+downloaded")
++++return+download_path+%2B+'/'+%2B+file.replace(".crdownload",+"")|code-block|syntax|javascript|4333084|entityMap^0|0|0^^$0|@$1|2|3|4|5|6|7|I|8|@]|9|@]|A|$]]|$1|B|3|C|5|D|7|J|8|@]|9|@]|A|$E|F]]|$1|G|3|-4|5|6|7|K|8|@]|9|@]|A|$]]]|H|$]]

This code work in headless mode and return downloaded file name (based on
@protonum code):
<pre><code>def wait_for_downloads(download_path):
 max_delay = 30
 interval_delay = 0.5
 total_delay = 0
 file = ''
 done = False
 while not done and total_delay &lt; max_delay:
 files = [f for f in os.listdir(download_path) if f.endswith('.crdownload')]
 if not files and len(file) &gt; 1:
 done = True
 if files:
 file = files[0]
 time.sleep(interval_delay)
 total_delay += interval_delay
 if not done:
 logging.error(&quot;File(s) couldn't be downloaded&quot;)
 return download_path + '/' + file.replace(&quot;.crdownload&quot;, &quot;&quot;)
</code></pre>

blocks|key|4333086|text|def+wait_for_download_to_be_don(self,+path_to_folder,+file_name):
++++max_time+=+60
++++counter+=+0
++++while+not+os.path.exists(path_to_folder+%2B+file_name)+and+time_counter+<+max_time:
++++++++sleep(0.5)
++++++++time_counter+%2B=+0.5
++++++++if+time_counter+==+max_time:
++++++++++++assert+os.path.exists(path_to_folder+%2B+file_name),+"The+file+wasn't+downloaded"|type|code-block|depth|inlineStyleRanges|entityRanges|data|syntax|javascript|4333087|unstyled|entityMap^0|0^^$0|@$1|2|3|4|5|6|7|G|8|@]|9|@]|A|$B|C]]|$1|D|3|-4|5|E|7|H|8|@]|9|@]|A|$]]]|F|$]]

<pre><code>def wait_for_download_to_be_don(self, path_to_folder, file_name):
 max_time = 60
 counter = 0
 while not os.path.exists(path_to_folder + file_name) and time_counter &lt; max_time:
 sleep(0.5)
 time_counter += 0.5
 if time_counter == max_time:
 assert os.path.exists(path_to_folder + file_name), &quot;The file wasn't downloaded&quot;
</code></pre>

I'm using selenium and python via chromewebdriver (windows) in order to automate a task of downloading large amount of files from different pages.
My code works, but the solution is far from ideal: the function below clicks on the website button that initiating a java script function that generating a PDF file and then downloading it.

I had to use a static wait in order to wait for the download to be completed (ugly) I cannot check the file system in order to verify when the download is completed since i'm using multi threading (downloading lot's of files from different pages at once) and also the the name of the files is generated dynamically in the website itself.

My code:

<pre><code>def file_download(num, drivervar):
Counter += 1
 try:
 drivervar.get(url[num])
 download_button = WebDriverWait(drivervar, 20).until(EC.element_to_be_clickable((By.ID, 'download button ID')))
 download_button.click()
 time.sleep(10) 
 except TimeoutException: # Retry once
 print('Timeout in thread number: ' + str(num) + ', retrying...')
..... 
</code></pre>

Is it possible to determine download completion in webdriver? I want to avoid using time.sleep(x).

Thanks a lot.

Selenium (Python) - waiting for a download process to complete using Chrome web driver

文件系统

我通过chromewebdriver (windows)使用selenium和python，以便自动化从不同页面下载大量文件的任务。我的代码可以工作，但解决方案远非理想:下面的功能点击网站按钮，启动一个java脚本功能，生成PDF文件，然后下载它。我不得不使用静态等待，以等待下载完成(丑陋)我不能检查文件系统，以验证何...

问Selenium (Python) -使用Chrome web驱动程序等待下载过程完成
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