blocks|key|312338|text|写代码很慢。阅读代码的速度很慢。查找和修复bug的速度很慢。添加功能和增强功能的速度很慢。任何在前一个基础上改进的都是成功的。很少会出现执行性能问题。|type|unstyled|depth|inlineStyleRanges|entityRanges|data|312339|entityMap^0|0^^$0|@$1|2|3|4|5|6|7|D|8|@]|9|@]|A|$]]|$1|B|3|-4|5|6|7|E|8|@]|9|@]|A|$]]]|C|$]]

Writing code is slow. Reading code is slow. Finding and fixing bugs is slow. Adding features and enhancements is slow. Anything that improves on the previous is a win. Very rarely is execution performance an issue.

blocks|key|3267345|text|以下是Rails的创建者David+Heinemeier+Hansson所说的话：|type|unstyled|depth|inlineStyleRanges|entityRanges|offset|length|data|3267346|3267347|+Rails+Ruby对于绝大多数web应用程序来说已经足够快了。我们的网站每天有数百万的动态页面浏览量。如果你最终使用的是雅虎或亚马逊的首页，那么任何语言的现成框架都不太可能对你有太大的好处。你可能得自己动手了。当然，我也想要空闲的CPU周期。我只是碰巧更关心免费的开发者周期，并且愿意用前者来换取后者。|blockquote|3267348|3267349|3267350|也就是说，在这个问题上投入更多的硬件或机器比雇佣更多的开发人员和使用更快，但更难维护的语言更便宜。毕竟，很少有人用C语言编写web应用程序。|3267351|Ruby+1.9是对1.8的巨大改进。Ruby1.8最大的问题是它的解释性(没有字节码，没有编译)，方法调用，Ruby中最常见的操作之一，特别慢。|3267352|在Ruby中几乎所有的东西都是一个方法查找--添加两个数字，索引一个数组--这并没有什么帮助。在其他语言暴露黑客的情况下(Python的__add__方法，Perl的overload.pm)，Ruby在所有情况下都是纯面向对象的，如果编译器/解释器不够聪明，这可能会损害性能。|style|CODE|3267353|如果我正在用Ruby编写一个流行的web应用程序，我的关注点应该是缓存。缓存页面可以将该页面的处理时间减少到零，无论您使用的是哪种语言。对于web应用程序，数据库开销和其他I/O开始比语言的速度更重要，所以我将重点放在优化上。|3267354|entityMap|0|LINK|mutability|MUTABLE|url|http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/David_Heinemeier_Hansson^0|C|O|0|0|0|0|0|0|0|0|1W|7|0|0^^$0|@$1|2|3|4|5|6|7|11|8|@]|9|@$A|12|B|13|1|14]]|C|$]]|$1|D|3|-4|5|6|7|15|8|@]|9|@]|C|$]]|$1|E|3|F|5|G|7|16|8|@]|9|@]|C|$]]|$1|H|3|-4|5|6|7|17|8|@]|9|@]|C|$]]|$1|I|3|-4|5|6|7|18|8|@]|9|@]|C|$]]|$1|J|3|K|5|6|7|19|8|@]|9|@]|C|$]]|$1|L|3|M|5|6|7|1A|8|@]|9|@]|C|$]]|$1|N|3|O|5|6|7|1B|8|@$A|1C|B|1D|P|Q]]|9|@]|C|$]]|$1|R|3|S|5|6|7|1E|8|@]|9|@]|C|$]]|$1|T|3|-4|5|6|7|1F|8|@]|9|@]|C|$]]]|U|$V|$5|W|X|Y|C|$Z|10]]]]

Here's what the creator of Rails, <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/David_Heinemeier_Hansson" rel="noreferrer">David Heinemeier Hansson</a> has to say:

<blockquote>
 Rails [Ruby] is for the vast majority
 of web applications Fast Enough. We
 got sites doing millions of dynamic
 page views per day. If you end up
 being with the Yahoo or Amazon front
 page, it's unlikely that an
 off-the-shelve framework in ANY
 language will do you much good. You'll
 probably have to roll your own. But
 sure, I'd like free CPU cycles too. I
 just happen to care much more about
 free developer cycles and am willing
 to trade the former for the latter.
</blockquote>

i.e. throwing more hardware or machines at the problem is cheaper than hiring more developers and using a faster, but harder to maintain language. After all, few people write web applications in C.

Ruby 1.9 is a vast improvement over 1.8. The biggest problems with Ruby 1.8 are its interpreted nature (no bytecode, no compilation) and that method calls, one of the most common operations in Ruby, are particularly slow.

It doesn't help that pretty much everything is a method lookup in Ruby - adding two numbers, indexing an array. Where other languages expose hacks (Python's <code>__add__</code> method, Perl's overload.pm) Ruby does pure OO in all cases, and this can hurt performance if the compiler/interpreter is not clever enough.

If I were writing a popular web application in Ruby, my focus would be on caching. Caching a page reduces the processing time for that page to zero, whatever language you are using. For web applications, database overhead and other I/O begins to matter a lot more than the speed of the language, so I would focus on optimising that.

blocks|key|3053784|text|在很多容易测量的任务(例如，严重依赖浮点数的代码)上，Ruby比C%2B%2B慢。这并不令人惊讶，但足以让一些人毫无保留地说“Ruby很慢”。它们没有考虑到这样一个事实，即编写Ruby代码比编写C%2B%2B更容易、更安全。|type|unstyled|depth|inlineStyleRanges|entityRanges|data|3053785|最好的解决方法是在你的Ruby代码中使用用另一种语言(例如，C，C%2B%2B，Fortran)编写的目标模块。这些可以完成繁重的任务，而您的脚本可以专注于更高级别的协调问题。|3053786|entityMap^0|0|0^^$0|@$1|2|3|4|5|6|7|F|8|@]|9|@]|A|$]]|$1|B|3|C|5|6|7|G|8|@]|9|@]|A|$]]|$1|D|3|-4|5|6|7|H|8|@]|9|@]|A|$]]]|E|$]]

Ruby is slower than C++ at a number of easily measurable tasks (e.g., doing code that is heavily dependent on floating point). This is not very surprising, but enough justification for some people to say that “Ruby is Slow” without qualification. They don't count the fact that it is far easier and safer to write Ruby code than C++.

The best fix is to use targeted modules written in another language (e.g., C, C++, Fortran) in your Ruby code. Those can do the heavy lifting and your scripts can focus on higher level coordination issues.

blocks|key|3053820|text|首先，相对于什么，变慢了？C？Python？让我们在Computer+Language+Benchmarks+Game上获取一些数字|type|unstyled|depth|inlineStyleRanges|offset|length|style|BOLD|entityRanges|data|3053821|在|3053822|Ruby+1.9+vs.+Python3内magnitude|unordered-list-item|3053823|Ruby+1.9+vs.+PHP的相同的阶在的相同阶最多两个数量级的幅度slower!|3053824|Ruby+1.9+vs.+C+(gcc)最多两个数量级幅度slower!|3053825|...|3053826|3053827|为什么|3053828|被认为很慢？|blockquote|3053829|3053830|3053831|这取决于你问的是谁。你可能会被告知：|3053832|3053833|Ruby是一种解释语言，解释语言往往比编译语言慢|3053834|+Ruby使用垃圾收集(尽管在上面的算法较多、内存分配密集型较少的基准测试中，C#也使用垃圾收集，比Ruby、Python、PHP等快两个数量级)|3053835|<代码>H140Ruby<代码>E141方法调用很慢<代码>E242(尽管，由于是鸭子类型，它们可以说比强类型解释型does+not+support+|3053836|etc.|3053837|+(JRuby除外)要快|3053838|但是，话又说回来，慢在什么方面呢？与C相比，Ruby+1.9的速度和Python和PHP差不多(在3倍的性能范围内)，所以上面的内容(除了线程方面的考虑，如果你的应用程序在很大程度上依赖于这一方面)在很大程度上是理论上的。|3053839|3053840|如果你想解决这个“慢”问题，作为一个Ruby程序员，你有什么选择？|3053841|3053842|3053843|写入可伸缩性，并在其上投入更多硬件(例如内存)|3053844|3053845|哪个版本的Ruby最适合像Stack+Overflow这样对速度和流量要求很高的应用程序？|3053846|3053847|3053848|嗯，+)+(与相结合)将是一个非常好的候选者。|3053849|entityMap|0|LINK|mutability|MUTABLE|url|http://benchmarksgame.alioth.debian.org/|1|http://benchmarksgame.alioth.debian.org/u32/ruby.html|2|http://benchmarksgame.alioth.debian.org/u32/compare.php?lang=yarv&lang2=php|3|http://benchmarksgame.alioth.debian.org/u32/compare.php?lang=yarv&lang2=gcc|4|https://stackoverflow.com/questions/56087/does-ruby-have-real-multithreading^0|9|1L|Q|X|0|0|0|0|K|1|0|H|3|M|3|Y|8|0|G|2|0|R|8|0|K|3|0|0|0|0|0|0|0|0|0|7|4|0|7|4|0|1M|H|4|0|0|0|0|0|0|0|0|0|A|0|0|0|0|0|3|1|7|G|0^^$0|@$1|2|3|4|5|6|7|27|8|@$9|28|A|29|B|C]]|D|@$9|2A|A|2B|1|2C]]|E|$]]|$1|F|3|G|5|6|7|2D|8|@]|D|@]|E|$]]|$1|H|3|I|5|J|7|2E|8|@]|D|@$9|2F|A|2G|1|2H]]|E|$]]|$1|K|3|L|5|J|7|2I|8|@$9|2J|A|2K|B|C]|$9|2L|A|2M|B|C]|$9|2N|A|2O|B|C]]|D|@$9|2P|A|2Q|1|2R]]|E|$]]|$1|M|3|N|5|J|7|2S|8|@$9|2T|A|2U|B|C]]|D|@$9|2V|A|2W|1|2X]]|E|$]]|$1|O|3|P|5|J|7|2Y|8|@]|D|@]|E|$]]|$1|Q|3|-4|5|6|7|2Z|8|@]|D|@]|E|$]]|$1|R|3|S|5|6|7|30|8|@]|D|@]|E|$]]|$1|T|3|U|5|V|7|31|8|@]|D|@]|E|$]]|$1|W|3|-4|5|6|7|32|8|@]|D|@]|E|$]]|$1|X|3|-4|5|6|7|33|8|@]|D|@]|E|$]]|$1|Y|3|Z|5|6|7|34|8|@]|D|@]|E|$]]|$1|10|3|-4|5|6|7|35|8|@]|D|@]|E|$]]|$1|11|3|12|5|J|7|36|8|@$9|37|A|38|B|C]]|D|@]|E|$]]|$1|13|3|14|5|J|7|39|8|@$9|3A|A|3B|B|C]]|D|@]|E|$]]|$1|15|3|16|5|6|7|3C|8|@]|D|@$9|3D|A|3E|1|3F]]|E|$]]|$1|17|3|18|5|J|7|3G|8|@]|D|@]|E|$]]|$1|19|3|1A|5|6|7|3H|8|@]|D|@]|E|$]]|$1|1B|3|1C|5|6|7|3I|8|@]|D|@]|E|$]]|$1|1D|3|-4|5|6|7|3J|8|@]|D|@]|E|$]]|$1|1E|3|1F|5|V|7|3K|8|@]|D|@]|E|$]]|$1|1G|3|-4|5|6|7|3L|8|@]|D|@]|E|$]]|$1|1H|3|-4|5|6|7|3M|8|@]|D|@]|E|$]]|$1|1I|3|1J|5|6|7|3N|8|@$9|3O|A|3P|B|C]]|D|@]|E|$]]|$1|1K|3|-4|5|6|7|3Q|8|@]|D|@]|E|$]]|$1|1L|3|1M|5|V|7|3R|8|@]|D|@]|E|$]]|$1|1N|3|-4|5|6|7|3S|8|@]|D|@]|E|$]]|$1|1O|3|-4|5|6|7|3T|8|@]|D|@]|E|$]]|$1|1P|3|1Q|5|6|7|3U|8|@$9|3V|A|3W|B|C]|$9|3X|A|3Y|B|C]]|D|@]|E|$]]|$1|1R|3|-4|5|6|7|3Z|8|@]|D|@]|E|$]]]|1S|$1T|$5|1U|1V|1W|E|$1X|1Y]]|1Z|$5|1U|1V|1W|E|$1X|20]]|21|$5|1U|1V|1W|E|$1X|22]]|23|$5|1U|1V|1W|E|$1X|24]]|25|$5|1U|1V|1W|E|$1X|26]]]]

First of all, slower with respect to what? C? Python? Let's get some numbers at the <a href="http://benchmarksgame.alioth.debian.org/" rel="noreferrer">Computer Language Benchmarks Game</a>:

<ul>
<li><a href="http://benchmarksgame.alioth.debian.org/u32/ruby.html" rel="noreferrer">Ruby 1.9 vs. Python3</a> within the same order of magnitude</li>
<li><a href="http://benchmarksgame.alioth.debian.org/u32/compare.php?lang=yarv&amp;lang2=php" rel="noreferrer">Ruby 1.9 vs. PHP</a> within the same order of magnitude</li>
<li><a href="http://benchmarksgame.alioth.debian.org/u32/compare.php?lang=yarv&amp;lang2=java" rel="noreferrer">Ruby 1.9 vs. Java 6 server</a> up to two orders of magnitude slower!</li>
<li><a href="http://benchmarksgame.alioth.debian.org/u32/compare.php?lang=yarv&amp;lang2=gcc" rel="noreferrer">Ruby 1.9 vs. C (gcc)</a> up to two orders of magnitude slower!</li>
<li>...</li>
</ul>

<blockquote>
 Why is Ruby considered slow?
</blockquote>

Depends on whom you ask. You could be told that:

<ul>
<li>Ruby is an interpreted language and interpreted languages will tend to be slower than compiled ones</li>
<li>Ruby uses garbage collection (though C#, which also uses garbage collection, comes out two orders of magnitude ahead of Ruby, Python, PHP etc. in the more algorithmic, less memory-allocation-intensive benchmarks above)</li>
<li>Ruby method calls are slow (although, because of duck typing, they are arguably faster than in strongly typed interpreted languages)</li>
<li>Ruby (with the exception of JRuby) <a href="https://stackoverflow.com/questions/56087/does-ruby-have-real-multithreading">does not support true multithreading</a></li>
<li>etc.</li>
</ul>

But, then again, slow with respect to what? Ruby 1.9 is about as fast as Python and PHP (within a 3x performance factor) when compared to C (which can be up to 300x faster), so the above (with the exception of threading considerations, should your application heavily depend on this aspect) are largely academic.

<blockquote>
 What are your options as a Ruby programmer if you want to deal with this "slowness"?
</blockquote>

Write for scalability and throw more hardware at it (e.g. memory)

<blockquote>
 Which version of Ruby would best suit an application like Stack Overflow where speed is critical and traffic is intense?
</blockquote>

Well, <a href="http://www.rubyenterpriseedition.com/" rel="noreferrer">REE</a> (combined with <a href="http://www.modrails.com/" rel="noreferrer">Passenger</a>) would be a very good candidate.

blocks|key|310351|text|Joel+on+Software+-+Ruby+Performance+Revisited很好地解释了这一点。可能已经过时了.|type|unstyled|depth|inlineStyleRanges|entityRanges|offset|length|data|310352|我建议您继续使用它，因为您已经习惯了Ruby+on+Rails，|310353|如果您遇到性能问题，您可能会重新考虑使用不同的语言和框架。|310354|在这种情况下，我真的建议使用带有ASP.NET+MVC+2的C#，它非常适合CRUD应用程序。|310355|entityMap|0|LINK|mutability|MUTABLE|url|http://www.joelonsoftware.com/items/2006/09/12.html|1|http://www.asp.net/mvc/^0|0|19|0|0|0|0|G|D|1|0^^$0|@$1|2|3|4|5|6|7|T|8|@]|9|@$A|U|B|V|1|W]]|C|$]]|$1|D|3|E|5|6|7|X|8|@]|9|@]|C|$]]|$1|F|3|G|5|6|7|Y|8|@]|9|@]|C|$]]|$1|H|3|I|5|6|7|Z|8|@]|9|@$A|10|B|11|1|12]]|C|$]]|$1|J|3|-4|5|6|7|13|8|@]|9|@]|C|$]]]|K|$L|$5|M|N|O|C|$P|Q]]|R|$5|M|N|O|C|$P|S]]]]

<a href="http://www.joelonsoftware.com/items/2006/09/12.html" rel="noreferrer">Joel on Software - Ruby Performance Revisited</a> 
quite well explains it. Might be outdated though...

I would recommend to just stick with it as you're used to Ruby on Rails, 
if you ever meet a performance issue you might reconsider to use a different language and framework.

In that case I would really suggest C# with <a href="http://www.asp.net/mvc/" rel="noreferrer">ASP.NET MVC 2</a>, works very well for CRUD apps.

blocks|key|315383|text|答案很简单:人们说ruby很慢，因为根据与其他语言的比较，它很慢。不过，请记住，“慢”是相对的。通常，ruby和其他“慢”语言已经足够快了。|type|unstyled|depth|inlineStyleRanges|entityRanges|data|315384|entityMap^0|0^^$0|@$1|2|3|4|5|6|7|D|8|@]|9|@]|A|$]]|$1|B|3|-4|5|6|7|E|8|@]|9|@]|A|$]]]|C|$]]

The answer is simple: people say ruby is slow because it is slow based on measured comparisons to other languages. Bear in mind, though, "slow" is relative. Often, ruby and other "slow" languages are plenty fast enough.

blocks|key|310357|text|首先，你关心别人对你喜欢的语言的评价吗？当它完成它必须做的工作时，你就很好了。|type|unstyled|depth|inlineStyleRanges|entityRanges|data|310358|OO不是执行代码的最快方式，但它确实有助于创建代码。智能代码总是比愚蠢的代码和无用的循环更快。我是一名DBA，看到了很多这种无用的循环，丢弃它们，使用更好的代码，查询和应用程序更快，更快。你关心最后一微秒吗？你可能有为速度而优化的语言，其他语言只是做他们必须做的工作，并且可以由许多不同的程序员维护。|310359|这只是一个选择。|310360|entityMap^0|0|0|0^^$0|@$1|2|3|4|5|6|7|H|8|@]|9|@]|A|$]]|$1|B|3|C|5|6|7|I|8|@]|9|@]|A|$]]|$1|D|3|E|5|6|7|J|8|@]|9|@]|A|$]]|$1|F|3|-4|5|6|7|K|8|@]|9|@]|A|$]]]|G|$]]

First of all, do you care about what others say about the language you like? When it does the job it has to do, you're fine.

OO isn't the fastest way to execute code, but it does help in creating the code. Smart code is always faster than dumb code and useless loops. I'm an DBA and see a lot of these useless loops, drop them, use better code and queries and application is faster, much faster. Do you care about the last microsecond? You might have languages optimized for speed, others just do the job they have to do and can be maintained by many different programmers.

It's all just a choice.

blocks|key|3053874|text|人们说Ruby很慢，因为他们将Ruby程序与用其他语言编写的程序进行比较。也许你写的程序不需要更快。也许对于您编写的程序来说，Ruby并不是拖慢速度的瓶颈，而是。|type|unstyled|depth|inlineStyleRanges|offset|length|style|BOLD|entityRanges|data|3053875|Ruby+2.1+compared+to+Javascript+V8|3053876|Ruby+2.1+compared+to+ordinary+Lua|3053877|Ruby+2.1+compared+to+Python+3|3053878|entityMap|0|LINK|mutability|MUTABLE|url|http://benchmarksgame.alioth.debian.org/u32/compare.php?lang=yarv&lang2=node|1|http://benchmarksgame.alioth.debian.org/u32/compare.php?lang=yarv&lang2=lua|2|http://benchmarksgame.alioth.debian.org/u32/ruby.html^0|28|1|0|0|Y|0|Y|0|0|0|X|0|X|1|0|0|T|0|T|2|0^^$0|@$1|2|3|4|5|6|7|X|8|@$9|Y|A|Z|B|C]]|D|@]|E|$]]|$1|F|3|G|5|6|7|10|8|@$9|11|A|12|B|C]]|D|@$9|13|A|14|1|15]]|E|$]]|$1|H|3|I|5|6|7|16|8|@$9|17|A|18|B|C]]|D|@$9|19|A|1A|1|1B]]|E|$]]|$1|J|3|K|5|6|7|1C|8|@$9|1D|A|1E|B|C]]|D|@$9|1F|A|1G|1|1H]]|E|$]]|$1|L|3|-4|5|6|7|1I|8|@]|D|@]|E|$]]]|M|$N|$5|O|P|Q|E|$R|S]]|T|$5|O|P|Q|E|$R|U]]|V|$5|O|P|Q|E|$R|W]]]]

People say that Ruby is slow because they compare Ruby programs to programs written in other languages. Maybe the programs you write don't need to be faster. Maybe for the programs you write Ruby isn't the bottleneck that's slowing things down.

<a href="http://benchmarksgame.alioth.debian.org/u32/compare.php?lang=yarv&amp;lang2=node" rel="nofollow noreferrer">Ruby 2.1 compared to Javascript V8</a>

<a href="http://benchmarksgame.alioth.debian.org/u32/compare.php?lang=yarv&amp;lang2=lua" rel="nofollow noreferrer">Ruby 2.1 compared to ordinary Lua</a>

<a href="http://benchmarksgame.alioth.debian.org/u32/ruby.html" rel="nofollow noreferrer">Ruby 2.1 compared to Python 3</a>

blocks|key|310393|text|为什么|type|unstyled|depth|inlineStyleRanges|entityRanges|data|310394|被认为很慢？|blockquote|310395|310396|310397|因为如果在Ruby和其他语言之间运行典型的基准测试，Ruby会输。|310398|310399|我并不觉得Ruby很慢，但我只是用它来制作简单的CRUD应用程序和公司博客。在我发现Ruby变慢之前，我需要做什么样的项目？或者这种缓慢只是影响所有编程语言的东西？|310400|310401|310402|在编写实时数字信号处理应用程序或任何类型的实时控制系统时，Ruby可能不能很好地为您服务。Ruby+(使用今天的VM)可能会在资源受限的计算机(如智能手机)上卡住。|310403|请记住，web应用程序上的许多处理实际上是由C开发的软件完成的。例如，Apache、Thin、Nginx、SQLite、MySQL、PostgreSQL、许多解析库、RMagick、TCP/IP等都是Ruby使用的C程序。Ruby提供了粘合剂和业务逻辑。|310404|310405|如果你想解决这个“慢”问题，作为一个Ruby程序员，你有什么选择？|310406|310407|310408|切换到速度更快的语言。但这是有代价的。这可能是值得的代价。但对于大多数web应用程序来说，语言选择并不是一个相关的因素，因为没有足够的流量来证明使用开发成本更高的更快的语言是合理的。|310409|310410|哪个版本的Ruby最适合像Stack+Overflow这样对速度和流量要求很高的应用程序？|310411|310412|310413|其他人已经回答了这个问题--+JRuby、IronRuby、REE会让你的应用程序中的Ruby部分在负担得起虚拟机的平台上运行得更快。由于造成速度缓慢的原因通常不是Ruby，而是您的计算机系统架构和应用程序架构，因此您可以执行诸如数据库复制、多个应用程序服务器、反向代理的负载平衡、HTTP缓存、memcache、Ajax、客户端缓存等工作。|310414|310415|最后，我在Ruby2.0上找不到太多的消息--我想我们离Ruby2.0还有很长一段时间？|310416|310417|310418|大多数人都在等待Ruby+1.9.1的发布。我自己也在等待JRuby上的Ruby1.9.1上的Rails3.1。|310419|最后，请记住，许多开发人员选择Ruby是因为与其他语言相比，Ruby使编程变得更加愉快，而且Ruby+with+Rails使熟练的web开发人员能够非常快速地开发应用程序。|310420|entityMap^0|0|0|0|0|0|0|0|0|0|0|0|0|0|0|0|0|0|0|0|0|0|0|0|0|0|0|0^^$0|@$1|2|3|4|5|6|7|1G|8|@]|9|@]|A|$]]|$1|B|3|C|5|D|7|1H|8|@]|9|@]|A|$]]|$1|E|3|-4|5|6|7|1I|8|@]|9|@]|A|$]]|$1|F|3|-4|5|6|7|1J|8|@]|9|@]|A|$]]|$1|G|3|H|5|6|7|1K|8|@]|9|@]|A|$]]|$1|I|3|-4|5|6|7|1L|8|@]|9|@]|A|$]]|$1|J|3|K|5|D|7|1M|8|@]|9|@]|A|$]]|$1|L|3|-4|5|6|7|1N|8|@]|9|@]|A|$]]|$1|M|3|-4|5|6|7|1O|8|@]|9|@]|A|$]]|$1|N|3|O|5|6|7|1P|8|@]|9|@]|A|$]]|$1|P|3|Q|5|6|7|1Q|8|@]|9|@]|A|$]]|$1|R|3|-4|5|6|7|1R|8|@]|9|@]|A|$]]|$1|S|3|T|5|D|7|1S|8|@]|9|@]|A|$]]|$1|U|3|-4|5|6|7|1T|8|@]|9|@]|A|$]]|$1|V|3|-4|5|6|7|1U|8|@]|9|@]|A|$]]|$1|W|3|X|5|6|7|1V|8|@]|9|@]|A|$]]|$1|Y|3|-4|5|6|7|1W|8|@]|9|@]|A|$]]|$1|Z|3|10|5|D|7|1X|8|@]|9|@]|A|$]]|$1|11|3|-4|5|6|7|1Y|8|@]|9|@]|A|$]]|$1|12|3|-4|5|6|7|1Z|8|@]|9|@]|A|$]]|$1|13|3|14|5|6|7|20|8|@]|9|@]|A|$]]|$1|15|3|-4|5|6|7|21|8|@]|9|@]|A|$]]|$1|16|3|17|5|D|7|22|8|@]|9|@]|A|$]]|$1|18|3|-4|5|6|7|23|8|@]|9|@]|A|$]]|$1|19|3|-4|5|6|7|24|8|@]|9|@]|A|$]]|$1|1A|3|1B|5|6|7|25|8|@]|9|@]|A|$]]|$1|1C|3|1D|5|6|7|26|8|@]|9|@]|A|$]]|$1|1E|3|-4|5|6|7|27|8|@]|9|@]|A|$]]]|1F|$]]

<blockquote>
 Why is Ruby considered slow?
</blockquote>

Because if you run typical benchmarks between Ruby and other languages, Ruby loses. 

<blockquote>
 I do not find Ruby to be slow but then
 again, I'm just using it to make
 simple CRUD apps and company blogs.
 What sort of projects would I need to
 be doing before I find Ruby becoming
 slow? Or is this slowness just
 something that affects all programming
 languages?
</blockquote>

Ruby probably wouldn't serve you well in writing a real-time digital signal processing application, or any kind of real-time control system. Ruby (with today's VMs) would probably choke on a resource-constrained computer such as smartphones. 

Remember that a lot of the processing on your web applications is actually done by software developed in C. e.g. Apache, Thin, Nginx, SQLite, MySQL, PostgreSQL, many parsing libraries, RMagick, TCP/IP, etc are C programs used by Ruby. Ruby provides the glue and the business logic. 

<blockquote>
 What are your options as a Ruby
 programmer if you want to deal with
 this "slowness"?
</blockquote>

Switch to a faster language. But that carries a cost. It is a cost that may be worth it. But for most web applications, language choice is not a relevant factor because there is just not enough traffic justify using a faster language that costs much more to develop for. 

<blockquote>
 Which version of Ruby would best suit
 an application like Stack Overflow
 where speed is critical and traffic is
 intense?
</blockquote>

Other folks have answered this - JRuby, IronRuby, REE will make the Ruby part of your application run faster on platforms that can afford the VMs. And since it is often not Ruby that causes slowness, but your computer system architecture and application architecture, you can do stuff like database replication, multiple application servers, loadbalancing with reverse proxies, HTTP caching, memcache, Ajax, client-side caching, etc. None of this stuff is Ruby. 

<blockquote>
 Finally, I can't find much news on
 Ruby 2.0 - I take it we're a good few
 years away from that then?
</blockquote>

Most folks are waiting for Ruby 1.9.1. I myself am waiting for Rails 3.1 on Ruby 1.9.1 on JRuby. 

Finally, please remember that a lot of developers choose Ruby because it makes programming a more joyful experience compared to other languages, and because Ruby with Rails enables skilled web developers to develop applications very quickly.

blocks|key|310430|text|性能几乎总是与良好的设计和优化的数据库交互有关。Ruby很快就能满足大多数网站的需求，尤其是最新的版本；开发的速度和维护的简易性在成本和客户满意度方面提供了巨大的回报。我发现JAVA对于某些任务具有缓慢的执行性能，并且考虑到在JAVA中开发的困难，许多开发人员创建缓慢的应用程序，而不管在基准测试中所展示的理论速度能力(基准测试通常是为了显示特定和狭窄的能力而设计的)。当我需要不适合我的数据库能力的密集处理时，我会选择C或Objective-C或其他一些真正高性能的编译语言来完成这些任务，具体取决于平台。如果我需要创建一个基于数据库的web应用程序，我会根据其他需求使用RoR，有时也会使用C#+ASP.NET；因为所有平台都有优缺点。你的应用程序所做事情的执行速度很重要，但毕竟，如果一种语言的一个狭义方面的执行性能是最重要的；那么我可能仍然使用汇编语言做所有的事情。|type|unstyled|depth|inlineStyleRanges|entityRanges|data|310431|entityMap^0|0^^$0|@$1|2|3|4|5|6|7|D|8|@]|9|@]|A|$]]|$1|B|3|-4|5|6|7|E|8|@]|9|@]|A|$]]]|C|$]]

Performance is almost always about good design and optimized database interactions. Ruby does what most web sites need quite fast, especially more recent versions; and the speed of development and ease of maintenance provides a large payoff in costs and in keeping customers happy. I find JAVA to have slow execution performance for some tasks, and given the difficulty of developing in JAVA, many developers create slow applications regardless of the theoretical speed capability as demonstrated in benchmarks (benchmarks are generally contrived to show a specific and narrow capability). When I need intensive processing that isn't well suited to my database's capabilities, I choose C or Objective-C or some other truly high performance compiled language for those tasks depending on the platform. If I need to create a databased web application, I use RoR or sometimes C# ASP.NET depending on other requirements; because all platforms have strengths and weaknesses. Execution speed of the things your application does is important, but after all, if execution performance of one narrow aspect of a language is all that counts; then I might still be using Assembler language for everything.

blocks|key|313311|text|Ruby在提高开发人员工作效率方面表现良好。由于缺乏类型，Ruby本质上强制进行测试驱动开发。Ruby在用作C库的高级包装器时表现良好。当Ruby通过JVM或Rbx+VM被JIT编译成机器码时，它在长时间运行的进程中也表现得很好。当需要用纯Ruby代码在短时间内处理数字时，ruby表现不佳。|type|unstyled|depth|inlineStyleRanges|entityRanges|data|313312|entityMap^0|0^^$0|@$1|2|3|4|5|6|7|D|8|@]|9|@]|A|$]]|$1|B|3|-4|5|6|7|E|8|@]|9|@]|A|$]]]|C|$]]

Ruby performs well for developer productivity. Ruby by nature forces test driven development because of the lack of types. Ruby performs well when used as a high level wrapper for C libraries. Ruby also performs well during long running processes when it is JIT-compiled to machine code via JVM or Rbx VM. Ruby does not perform well when it is required to crunch numbers in a short time with pure ruby code.

blocks|key|3267596|text|显然，说到速度，Ruby会输。尽管基准测试表明Ruby并不比PHP慢很多。但作为回报，您得到的是易于维护的干式代码，这是各种语言中所有框架中最好的。|type|unstyled|depth|inlineStyleRanges|entityRanges|data|3267597|对于一个小项目，你不会感觉到任何缓慢(我的意思是，直到<50K用户)，因为代码中没有使用复杂的计算，只有主流的东西。|3267598|对于更大的项目，为资源付费是有回报的，而且比开发人员的工资更便宜。此外，在RoR上编写代码比其他任何代码都要快得多。|3267599|在2014年，你所说的速度差异对于大多数网站来说都是微不足道的。|3267600|entityMap^0|0|0|0|0^^$0|@$1|2|3|4|5|6|7|J|8|@]|9|@]|A|$]]|$1|B|3|C|5|6|7|K|8|@]|9|@]|A|$]]|$1|D|3|E|5|6|7|L|8|@]|9|@]|A|$]]|$1|F|3|G|5|6|7|M|8|@]|9|@]|A|$]]|$1|H|3|-4|5|6|7|N|8|@]|9|@]|A|$]]]|I|$]]

Obviously, talking about speed Ruby loses. Even though benchmark tests suggest that Ruby is not so much slower than PHP. But in return, you are getting easy-to-maintain DRY code, the best out of all frameworks in various languages. 

For a small project, you wont feel any slowness (I mean until like &lt;50K users) given that no complex calculations are used in the code, just the mainstream stuff.

For a bigger project, paying for resources pays off and is cheaper than developer wages. In addition, writing code on RoR turns out to be much faster than any other.

In 2014 this magnitude of speed difference you're talking about is for most websites insignificant.

blocks|key|3054021|text|在Web应用程序中处理Ruby性能的方法与处理任何其他编程语言的方法相同：|type|unstyled|depth|inlineStyleRanges|entityRanges|data|3054022|架构|offset|length|style|BOLD|3054023|这在Rails中比在大多数其他Web框架中更容易实现。|3054024|在应用程序级别，通过缓存本应缓存的内容并以智能方式管理对数据库的访问(因为瓶颈通常在大多数WEB应用程序的"+DB“访问上)。|3054025|Rails使得解决这些问题变得非常简单和自然。There+are+several+abstractions+for+caching+data,+pages+and+fragments，还有非常好的抽象来以优化和可重用的方式处理SQL部分(Active+Record和AREL)。|3054026|这就是为什么这么多用速度更快、表现力不强的语言(如php)编写的应用程序最终比Ruby慢的原因。与使用Ruby相比，使用这些语言处理缓存和查询并不那么容易和优雅。|3054027|在基础设施级别，考虑负载平衡和所有我不太了解的东西是合理的。我会通过雇佣一些平台作为服务提供商来外包这个问题，比如Heroku或Engine+Yard。不管怎么说。部署具有负载平衡的rails可能并不是很难。|3054028|entityMap|0|LINK|mutability|MUTABLE|url|http://guides.rubyonrails.org/caching_with_rails.html|1|http://blog.bigbinary.com/2013/07/01/preload-vs-eager-load-vs-joins-vs-includes.html|2|https://github.com/rails/arel|3|https://www.heroku.com/|4|https://www.engineyard.com/^0|0|0|2|0|0|0|N|1W|0|3B|D|1|3P|4|2|0|0|1L|6|3|1S|B|4|0^^$0|@$1|2|3|4|5|6|7|17|8|@]|9|@]|A|$]]|$1|B|3|C|5|6|7|18|8|@$D|19|E|1A|F|G]]|9|@]|A|$]]|$1|H|3|I|5|6|7|1B|8|@]|9|@]|A|$]]|$1|J|3|K|5|6|7|1C|8|@]|9|@]|A|$]]|$1|L|3|M|5|6|7|1D|8|@]|9|@$D|1E|E|1F|1|1G]|$D|1H|E|1I|1|1J]|$D|1K|E|1L|1|1M]]|A|$]]|$1|N|3|O|5|6|7|1N|8|@]|9|@]|A|$]]|$1|P|3|Q|5|6|7|1O|8|@]|9|@$D|1P|E|1Q|1|1R]|$D|1S|E|1T|1|1U]]|A|$]]|$1|R|3|-4|5|6|7|1V|8|@]|9|@]|A|$]]]|S|$T|$5|U|V|W|A|$X|Y]]|Z|$5|U|V|W|A|$X|10]]|11|$5|U|V|W|A|$X|12]]|13|$5|U|V|W|A|$X|14]]|15|$5|U|V|W|A|$X|16]]]]

The way to deal with Ruby's performance in Web application is the same as with any other programming language:

ARCHITECTURE

This is easier to do in Rails than in most other Web Frameworks.

At the application level, by caching whatever is supposed to be cached and by managing the access to the DB in an intelligent way (since the bottleneck is usually on the "DB" access for most WEB apps).

Rails makes it very easy and natural to solve these problems. <a href="http://guides.rubyonrails.org/caching_with_rails.html" rel="nofollow">There are several abstractions for caching data, pages and fragments</a>, and there are also very nice abstractions to deal with the SQL part in an optimised and reusable fashion (<a href="http://blog.bigbinary.com/2013/07/01/preload-vs-eager-load-vs-joins-vs-includes.html" rel="nofollow">Active Record</a> and <a href="https://github.com/rails/arel" rel="nofollow">AREL</a>).

This is the reason why so many applications written in faster and not-so-expressive languages (like php) end up being slower than the Ruby counterparts. It's not so easy and elegant to tackle caching and querying with these languages than it is with Ruby.

At the infrastructure level it is reasonable to think of load balancing and all that stuff that I do not happen to know a lot about. I'd outsource that problem by hiring some platform as service provider, like <a href="https://www.heroku.com/" rel="nofollow">Heroku</a> or <a href="https://www.engineyard.com/" rel="nofollow">Engine Yard</a>. Anyway. Deploying rails with load balancing is probably not very hard to do.

blocks|key|313325|text|我会说Ruby很慢，因为没有花费太多的精力来提高解释器的速度。Python也是如此。Smalltalk与Ruby或Python一样动态，但性能要好得多，请参阅http://benchmarksgame.alioth.debian.org。由于Smalltalk或多或少被Java和C#所取代(至少在10年前)，所以没有为它做更多的性能优化工作，而且Smalltalk仍然比Ruby和Python快得多。施乐帕洛阿尔托研究中心和OTI/IBM的员工有足够的钱给致力于让Smalltalk变得更快的人。我不明白的是，为什么谷歌不把钱花在让Python变得更快上，因为他们是一家大型Python商店。相反，他们把钱花在像Go这样的语言的开发上。|type|unstyled|depth|inlineStyleRanges|entityRanges|offset|length|data|313326|entityMap|0|LINK|mutability|MUTABLE|url|http://benchmarksgame.alioth.debian.org/^0|27|13|0|0^^$0|@$1|2|3|4|5|6|7|L|8|@]|9|@$A|M|B|N|1|O]]|C|$]]|$1|D|3|-4|5|6|7|P|8|@]|9|@]|C|$]]]|E|$F|$5|G|H|I|C|$J|K]]]]

I would say Ruby is slow because not much effort has been spent in making the interpreter faster. Same applies to Python. Smalltalk is just as dynamic as Ruby or Python but performs better by a magnitude, see <a href="http://benchmarksgame.alioth.debian.org" rel="nofollow">http://benchmarksgame.alioth.debian.org</a>. Since Smalltalk was more or less replaced by Java and C# (that is at least 10 years ago) no more performance optimization work had been done for it and Smalltalk is still ways faster than Ruby and Python. The people at Xerox Parc and at OTI/IBM had the money to pay the people that work on making Smalltalk faster. What I don't understand is why Google doesn't spend the money for making Python faster as they are a big Python shop. Instead they spend money on development of languages like Go...

I like Ruby on Rails and I use it for all my web development projects. A few years ago there was a lot of talk about Rails being a memory hog and about how it didn't scale very well but these suggestions were put to bed by Gregg Pollack <a href="http://railslab.newrelic.com/scaling-rails" rel="noreferrer">here</a>.

Lately though, I've been hearing people saying that Ruby itself is slow. 

<ul>
<li>Why is Ruby considered slow? </li>
</ul>

I do not find Ruby to be slow but then again, I'm just using it to make simple CRUD apps and company blogs. What sort of projects would I need to be doing before I find Ruby becoming slow? Or is this slowness just something that affects all programming languages?

<ul>
<li>What are your options as a Ruby programmer if you want to deal with this "slowness"?</li>
<li>Which version of Ruby would best suit an application like Stack Overflow where speed is critical and traffic is intense? </li>
</ul>

The questions are subjective, and I realise that architectural setup (EC2 vs standalone servers etc) makes a big difference but I'd like to hear what people think about Ruby being slow.

Finally, I can't find much news on Ruby 2.0 - I take it we're a good few years away from that then?

Why do people say that Ruby is slow?

Objective-C

PostgreSQL

服务器

虚拟机

数据库

编译器

解释器

SQLite

Python

MySQL

Java

Perl

我喜欢Ruby on Rails，我把它用在我所有的web开发项目中。几年前，有很多关于Rails是内存大户的讨论，以及它如何不能很好地扩展，但这些建议被Gregg Pollack .搁置不过，最近我一直听到人们说Ruby本身很慢。为什么认为Ruby慢？我并不觉得Ruby很慢，但我只是用它来制作简单的CRUD应用程序和...

问为什么人们说Ruby很慢？
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