blocks|key|3180297|text|在PowerShell命令行中尝试执行以下操作：|type|unstyled|depth|inlineStyleRanges|entityRanges|data|3180298|.+.\MyFunctions.ps1
A1|code-block|syntax|javascript|3180299|点运算符用于脚本包含，也称为“点采购”(或"dot+source+notation")|offset|length|3180300|entityMap|0|LINK|mutability|MUTABLE|url|https://docs.microsoft.com/en-us/powershell/module/microsoft.powershell.core/about/about_scopes?view=powershell-5.1#using-dot-source-notation-with-scope^0|0|0|L|L|0|0^^$0|@$1|2|3|4|5|6|7|S|8|@]|9|@]|A|$]]|$1|B|3|C|5|D|7|T|8|@]|9|@]|A|$E|F]]|$1|G|3|H|5|6|7|U|8|@]|9|@$I|V|J|W|1|X]]|A|$]]|$1|K|3|-4|5|6|7|Y|8|@]|9|@]|A|$]]]|L|$M|$5|N|O|P|A|$Q|R]]]]

Try this on the PowerShell command line:
<pre><code>. .\MyFunctions.ps1
A1
</code></pre>
The dot operator is used for script include, aka &quot;dot-sourcing&quot; (or <a href="https://docs.microsoft.com/en-us/powershell/module/microsoft.powershell.core/about/about_scopes?view=powershell-5.1#using-dot-source-notation-with-scope" rel="noreferrer">&quot;dot source notation&quot;</a>)

blocks|key|272129|text|您当然可以在脚本文件中定义函数(然后我倾向于在加载时通过我的Powershell配置文件加载它们)。|type|unstyled|depth|inlineStyleRanges|entityRanges|data|272130|首先，您需要检查以确保通过运行以下命令加载了函数：|272131|ls+function:\+%7C+where+{+$_.Name+-eq+"A1"++}|code-block|syntax|javascript|272132|并检查它是否出现在列表中(应该是一个1的列表！)，然后让我们知道你得到了什么输出！|272133|entityMap^0|0|0|0|0^^$0|@$1|2|3|4|5|6|7|M|8|@]|9|@]|A|$]]|$1|B|3|C|5|6|7|N|8|@]|9|@]|A|$]]|$1|D|3|E|5|F|7|O|8|@]|9|@]|A|$G|H]]|$1|I|3|J|5|6|7|P|8|@]|9|@]|A|$]]|$1|K|3|-4|5|6|7|Q|8|@]|9|@]|A|$]]]|L|$]]

You certainly can define functions in script files (I then tend to load them through my Powershell profile on load).

First you need to check to make sure the function is loaded by running:

<pre><code>ls function:\ | where { $_.Name -eq "A1" }
</code></pre>

And check that it appears in the list (should be a list of 1!), then let us know what output you get!

blocks|key|3180336|text|您正在讨论的内容称为。这是邪恶的。但不用担心，有一种更好、更简单的方法可以用做你想要做的事情(听起来比实际可怕得多)。使用模块的主要好处是，如果需要，您可以从shell中卸载它们，并且它可以防止函数中的变量悄悄进入shell+(一旦您对函数文件进行了点源代码处理，尝试从shell中的函数调用其中一个变量，您就会明白我的意思)。|type|unstyled|depth|inlineStyleRanges|entityRanges|data|3180337|因此，首先，将包含所有函数的.ps1文件重命名为MyFunctions.psm1+(您刚刚创建了一个模块！)。现在，为了正确加载模块，您必须对文件执行一些特定的操作。首先，Import-Module要查看模块(使用此cmdlet将模块加载到shell中)，它必须位于特定位置。模块文件夹的默认路径是$home\Documents\WindowsPowerShell\Modules。|3180338|在该文件夹中，创建一个名为MyFunctions的文件夹，并将MyFunctions.psm1文件放入其中(模块文件必须位于与PSM1文件名称完全相同的文件夹中)。|3180339|完成后，打开PowerShell，并运行以下命令：|3180340|Get-Module+-listavailable|code-block|syntax|javascript|3180341|如果您看到一个名为MyFunctions的模块，那么您做得很正确，并且您的模块已经准备好加载(这只是为了确保正确设置，您只需执行一次)。|3180342|要使用该模块，请在shell中键入以下内容(或将此行放入$profile中，或将此行作为脚本的第一行)：|3180343|Import-Module+MyFunctions|3180344|你现在可以运行你的函数了。最酷的是，一旦你有了10-15个函数，你就会忘记一对夫妇的名字。如果模块中包含这些函数，则可以运行以下命令来获取模块中所有函数的列表：|3180345|Get-Command+-module+MyFunctions|3180346|这是相当甜蜜的，而且在前端设置所需的一点点努力也是值得的。|3180347|entityMap^0|0|0|0|0|0|0|0|0|0|0|0^^$0|@$1|2|3|4|5|6|7|10|8|@]|9|@]|A|$]]|$1|B|3|C|5|6|7|11|8|@]|9|@]|A|$]]|$1|D|3|E|5|6|7|12|8|@]|9|@]|A|$]]|$1|F|3|G|5|6|7|13|8|@]|9|@]|A|$]]|$1|H|3|I|5|J|7|14|8|@]|9|@]|A|$K|L]]|$1|M|3|N|5|6|7|15|8|@]|9|@]|A|$]]|$1|O|3|P|5|6|7|16|8|@]|9|@]|A|$]]|$1|Q|3|R|5|J|7|17|8|@]|9|@]|A|$K|L]]|$1|S|3|T|5|6|7|18|8|@]|9|@]|A|$]]|$1|U|3|V|5|J|7|19|8|@]|9|@]|A|$K|L]]|$1|W|3|X|5|6|7|1A|8|@]|9|@]|A|$]]|$1|Y|3|-4|5|6|7|1B|8|@]|9|@]|A|$]]]|Z|$]]

What you are talking about is called <a href="https://docs.microsoft.com/en-us/powershell/module/microsoft.powershell.core/about/about_scopes?view=powershell-5.1#using-dot-source-notation-with-scope" rel="noreferrer">dot sourcing</a>. And it's evil. But no worries, there is a better and easier way to do what you are wanting with <a href="https://docs.microsoft.com/en-us/powershell/module/microsoft.powershell.core/about/about_modules?view=powershell-6" rel="noreferrer">modules</a> (it sounds way scarier than it is). The major benefit of using modules is that you can unload them from the shell if you need to, and it keeps the variables in the functions from creeping into the shell (once you dot source a function file, try calling one of the variables from a function in the shell, and you'll see what I mean).

So first, rename the .ps1 file that has all your functions in it to MyFunctions.psm1 (you've just created a module!). Now for a module to load properly, you have to do some specific things with the file. First for Import-Module to see the module (you use this cmdlet to load the module into the shell), it has to be in a specific location. The default path to the modules folder is $home\Documents\WindowsPowerShell\Modules.

In that folder, create a folder named MyFunctions, and place the MyFunctions.psm1 file into it (the module file must reside in a folder with exactly the same name as the PSM1 file).

Once that is done, open PowerShell, and run this command:

<pre><code>Get-Module -listavailable
</code></pre>

If you see one called MyFunctions, you did it right, and your module is ready to be loaded (this is just to ensure that this is set up right, you only have to do this once).

To use the module, type the following in the shell (or put this line in your $profile, or put this as the first line in a script):

<pre><code>Import-Module MyFunctions
</code></pre>

You can now run your functions. The cool thing about this is that once you have 10-15 functions in there, you're going to forget the name of a couple. If you have them in a module, you can run the following command to get a list of all the functions in your module:

<pre><code>Get-Command -module MyFunctions
</code></pre>

It's pretty sweet, and the tiny bit of effort that it takes to set up on the front side is WAY worth it.

blocks|key|3180358|text|.+"$PSScriptRoot\MyFunctions.ps1"+MyA1Func|type|unstyled|depth|inlineStyleRanges|offset|length|style|CODE|entityRanges|data|3180359|在此之前，请参阅How+can+I+get+the+file+system+location+of+a+PowerShell+script?，从v3开始。这是很常见的。|3180360|附注:我不同意“一切都是模块”的规则。我的脚本被GIT之外的其他开发人员使用，所以我不喜欢在脚本运行之前把东西放在特定的地方或修改系统环境变量。这只是一个脚本(或两个或三个)。|3180361|entityMap|0|LINK|mutability|MUTABLE|url|https://stackoverflow.com/questions/3667238/how-can-i-get-the-file-system-location-of-a-powershell-script^0|0|16|0|8|1Q|0|0|0^^$0|@$1|2|3|4|5|6|7|R|8|@$9|S|A|T|B|C]]|D|@]|E|$]]|$1|F|3|G|5|6|7|U|8|@]|D|@$9|V|A|W|1|X]]|E|$]]|$1|H|3|I|5|6|7|Y|8|@]|D|@]|E|$]]|$1|J|3|-4|5|6|7|Z|8|@]|D|@]|E|$]]]|K|$L|$5|M|N|O|E|$P|Q]]]]

<code>. "$PSScriptRoot\MyFunctions.ps1"
MyA1Func</code>

Availalbe starting in v3, before that see <a href="https://stackoverflow.com/questions/3667238/how-can-i-get-the-file-system-location-of-a-powershell-script">How can I get the file system location of a PowerShell script?</a>. It is VERY common. 

P.S. I don't subscribe to the 'everything is a module' rule. My scripts are used by other developers out of GIT, so I don't like to put stuff in specific a place or modify system environment variables before my script will run. It's just a script (or two, or three).

blocks|key|2966436|text|您可以将函数添加到：|type|unstyled|depth|inlineStyleRanges|entityRanges|data|2966437|c:\Users\David\Documents\WindowsPowerShell\profile.ps1|code-block|syntax|javascript|2966438|该功能将可用。|2966439|entityMap^0|0|0|0^^$0|@$1|2|3|4|5|6|7|K|8|@]|9|@]|A|$]]|$1|B|3|C|5|D|7|L|8|@]|9|@]|A|$E|F]]|$1|G|3|H|5|6|7|M|8|@]|9|@]|A|$]]|$1|I|3|-4|5|6|7|N|8|@]|9|@]|A|$]]]|J|$]]

You can add function to:

<pre><code>c:\Users\David\Documents\WindowsPowerShell\profile.ps1
</code></pre>

An the function will be available.

blocks|key|272190|text|如果您的文件只有一个您想要调用/expose的主函数，那么您也可以使用以下命令启动该文件：|type|unstyled|depth|inlineStyleRanges|entityRanges|data|272191|Param($Param1)|code-block|syntax|javascript|272192|然后，您可以像下面这样调用它：|272193|.\MyFunctions.ps1+-Param1+'value1'|272194|如果您想轻松地调用该函数，而不必导入该函数，这将使它变得更加方便。|272195|entityMap^0|0|0|0|0|0^^$0|@$1|2|3|4|5|6|7|O|8|@]|9|@]|A|$]]|$1|B|3|C|5|D|7|P|8|@]|9|@]|A|$E|F]]|$1|G|3|H|5|6|7|Q|8|@]|9|@]|A|$]]|$1|I|3|J|5|D|7|R|8|@]|9|@]|A|$E|F]]|$1|K|3|L|5|6|7|S|8|@]|9|@]|A|$]]|$1|M|3|-4|5|6|7|T|8|@]|9|@]|A|$]]]|N|$]]

If your file has only one main function that you want to call/expose, then you can also just start the file with:

<pre><code>Param($Param1)
</code></pre>

You can then call it e.g. as follows:

<pre><code>.\MyFunctions.ps1 -Param1 'value1'
</code></pre>

This makes it much more convenient if you want to easily call just that function without having to import the function.

blocks|key|3180372|text|假设您有一个名为Dummy-Name.psm1的模块文件，其中有一个名为Function-Dumb()的方法。|type|unstyled|depth|inlineStyleRanges|entityRanges|data|3180373|Import-Module+"Dummy-Name.psm1";
Get-Command+-Module+"Function-Dumb";
#
#
Function-Dumb;|code-block|syntax|javascript|3180374|entityMap^0|0|0^^$0|@$1|2|3|4|5|6|7|I|8|@]|9|@]|A|$]]|$1|B|3|C|5|D|7|J|8|@]|9|@]|A|$E|F]]|$1|G|3|-4|5|6|7|K|8|@]|9|@]|A|$]]]|H|$]]

Assuming you have a module file called Dummy-Name.psm1 which has a method called Function-Dumb() 

<pre><code>Import-Module "Dummy-Name.psm1";
Get-Command -Module "Function-Dumb";
#
#
Function-Dumb;
</code></pre>

I have a .ps1 file in which I want to define custom functions.

Imagine the file is called MyFunctions.ps1, and the content is as follows:

<pre><code>Write-Host "Installing functions"
function A1
{
 Write-Host "A1 is running!"
}
Write-Host "Done"
</code></pre>

To run this script and theoretically register the A1 function, I navigate to the folder in which the .ps1 file resides and run the file:

<pre><code>.\MyFunctions.ps1
</code></pre>

This outputs:

<pre><code>Installing functions
Done
</code></pre>

Yet, when I try to call A1, I simply get the error stating that there is no command/function by that name:

<pre><code>The term 'A1' is not recognized as the name of a cmdlet, function, script file, or operable program. Check the spelling
 of the name, or if a path was included, verify that the path is correct and try again.
At line:1 char:3
+ A1 &lt;&lt;&lt;&lt;
 + CategoryInfo : ObjectNotFound: (A1:String) [], CommandNotFoundException
 + FullyQualifiedErrorId : CommandNotFoundException
</code></pre>

I must misunderstand some PowerShell concepts. Can I not define functions in script files?

Note that I have already set my execution policy to 'RemoteSigned'. And I know to run .ps1 files using a dot in front of the file name: .\myFile.ps1

In PowerShell, how do I define a function in a file and call it from the PowerShell commandline?

我有一个.ps1文件，我想在其中定义自定义函数。假设文件名为MyFunctions.ps1，内容如下：Write-Host "Installing functions"function A1{    Write-Host "A1 is running!"}Write-Host "Done"要运行此脚本并在理论上注册A1...

问在PowerShell中，如何在文件中定义函数并从PowerShell命令行调用它？
EN

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问在PowerShell中，如何在文件中定义函数并从PowerShell命令行调用它？
EN