问如何加密和解密PHP字符串？

EN

class Openssl_EncryptDecrypt {
    function encrypt ($pure_string, $encryption_key) {
        $cipher     = 'AES-256-CBC';
        $options    = OPENSSL_RAW_DATA;
        $hash_algo  = 'sha256';
        $sha2len    = 32;
        $ivlen = openssl_cipher_iv_length($cipher);
        $iv = openssl_random_pseudo_bytes($ivlen);
        $ciphertext_raw = openssl_encrypt($pure_string, $cipher, $encryption_key, $options, $iv);
        $hmac = hash_hmac($hash_algo, $ciphertext_raw, $encryption_key, true);
        return $iv.$hmac.$ciphertext_raw;
    }
    function decrypt ($encrypted_string, $encryption_key) {
        $cipher     = 'AES-256-CBC';
        $options    = OPENSSL_RAW_DATA;
        $hash_algo  = 'sha256';
        $sha2len    = 32;
        $ivlen = openssl_cipher_iv_length($cipher);
        $iv = substr($encrypted_string, 0, $ivlen);
        $hmac = substr($encrypted_string, $ivlen, $sha2len);
        $ciphertext_raw = substr($encrypted_string, $ivlen+$sha2len);
        $original_plaintext = openssl_decrypt($ciphertext_raw, $cipher, $encryption_key, $options, $iv);
        $calcmac = hash_hmac($hash_algo, $ciphertext_raw, $encryption_key, true);
        if(function_exists('hash_equals')) {
            if (hash_equals($hmac, $calcmac)) return $original_plaintext;
        } else {
            if ($this->hash_equals_custom($hmac, $calcmac)) return $original_plaintext;
        }
    }
    /**
     * (Optional)
     * hash_equals() function polyfilling.
     * PHP 5.6+ timing attack safe comparison
     */
    function hash_equals_custom($knownString, $userString) {
        if (function_exists('mb_strlen')) {
            $kLen = mb_strlen($knownString, '8bit');
            $uLen = mb_strlen($userString, '8bit');
        } else {
            $kLen = strlen($knownString);
            $uLen = strlen($userString);
        }
        if ($kLen !== $uLen) {
            return false;
        }
        $result = 0;
        for ($i = 0; $i < $kLen; $i++) {
            $result |= (ord($knownString[$i]) ^ ord($userString[$i]));
        }
        return 0 === $result;
    }
}

define('ENCRYPTION_KEY', '__^%&Q@$&*!@#$%^&*^__');
$string = "This is the original string!";

$OpensslEncryption = new Openssl_EncryptDecrypt;
$encrypted = $OpensslEncryption->encrypt($string, ENCRYPTION_KEY);
$decrypted = $OpensslEncryption->decrypt($encrypted, ENCRYPTION_KEY);

<?php
declare(strict_types=1);

/**
 * Encrypt a message
 * 
 * @param string $message - message to encrypt
 * @param string $key - encryption key
 * @return string
 * @throws RangeException
 */
function safeEncrypt(string $message, string $key): string
{
    if (mb_strlen($key, '8bit') !== SODIUM_CRYPTO_SECRETBOX_KEYBYTES) {
        throw new RangeException('Key is not the correct size (must be 32 bytes).');
    }
    $nonce = random_bytes(SODIUM_CRYPTO_SECRETBOX_NONCEBYTES);
    
    $cipher = base64_encode(
        $nonce.
        sodium_crypto_secretbox(
            $message,
            $nonce,
            $key
        )
    );
    sodium_memzero($message);
    sodium_memzero($key);
    return $cipher;
}

/**
 * Decrypt a message
 * 
 * @param string $encrypted - message encrypted with safeEncrypt()
 * @param string $key - encryption key
 * @return string
 * @throws Exception
 */
function safeDecrypt(string $encrypted, string $key): string
{   
    $decoded = base64_decode($encrypted);
    $nonce = mb_substr($decoded, 0, SODIUM_CRYPTO_SECRETBOX_NONCEBYTES, '8bit');
    $ciphertext = mb_substr($decoded, SODIUM_CRYPTO_SECRETBOX_NONCEBYTES, null, '8bit');
    
    $plain = sodium_crypto_secretbox_open(
        $ciphertext,
        $nonce,
        $key
    );
    if (!is_string($plain)) {
        throw new Exception('Invalid MAC');
    }
    sodium_memzero($ciphertext);
    sodium_memzero($key);
    return $plain;
}

<?php
// This refers to the previous code block.
require "safeCrypto.php"; 

// Do this once then store it somehow:
$key = random_bytes(SODIUM_CRYPTO_SECRETBOX_KEYBYTES);
$message = 'We are all living in a yellow submarine';

$ciphertext = safeEncrypt($message, $key);
$plaintext = safeDecrypt($ciphertext, $key);

var_dump($ciphertext);
var_dump($plaintext);

<?php
use \ParagonIE\Halite\KeyFactory;
use \ParagonIE\Halite\Symmetric\Crypto as SymmetricCrypto;

// Generate a new random symmetric-key encryption key. You're going to want to store this:
$key = new KeyFactory::generateEncryptionKey();
// To save your encryption key:
KeyFactory::save($key, '/path/to/secret.key');
// To load it again:
$loadedkey = KeyFactory::loadEncryptionKey('/path/to/secret.key');

$message = 'We are all living in a yellow submarine';
$ciphertext = SymmetricCrypto::encrypt($message, $key);
$plaintext = SymmetricCrypto::decrypt($ciphertext, $key);

var_dump($ciphertext);
var_dump($plaintext);

<?php
/**
 * This requires https://github.com/defuse/php-encryption
 * php composer.phar require defuse/php-encryption
 */

use Defuse\Crypto\Crypto;
use Defuse\Crypto\Key;

require "vendor/autoload.php";

// Do this once then store it somehow:
$key = Key::createNewRandomKey();

$message = 'We are all living in a yellow submarine';

$ciphertext = Crypto::encrypt($message, $key);
$plaintext = Crypto::decrypt($ciphertext, $key);

var_dump($ciphertext);
var_dump($plaintext);

$storeMe = bin2hex($key);

$key = hex2bin($storeMe);

/**
 * Replace this with your own salt! 
 * Use bin2hex() then add \x before every 2 hex characters, like so:
 */
define('MY_PBKDF2_SALT', "\x2d\xb7\x68\x1a\x28\x15\xbe\x06\x33\xa0\x7e\x0e\x8f\x79\xd5\xdf");

/**
 * Get an AES key from a static password and a secret salt
 * 
 * @param string $password Your weak password here
 * @param int $keysize Number of bytes in encryption key
 */
function getKeyFromPassword($password, $keysize = 16)
{
    return hash_pbkdf2(
        'sha256',
        $password,
        MY_PBKDF2_SALT,
        100000, // Number of iterations
        $keysize,
        true
    );
}

$string_to_encrypt="Test";
$password="password";
$encrypted_string=openssl_encrypt($string_to_encrypt,"AES-128-ECB",$password);
$decrypted_string=openssl_decrypt($encrypted_string,"AES-128-ECB",$password);