blocks|key|685719|text|在这个简单的例子中，您可以使用vars()|type|unstyled|depth|inlineStyleRanges|offset|length|style|CODE|entityRanges|data|685720|an+=+Animal()
attrs+=+vars(an)
#+{'kids':+0,+'name':+'Dog',+'color':+'Spotted',+'age':+10,+'legs':+2,+'smell':+'Alot'}
#+now+dump+this+in+some+way+or+another
print(',+'.join("%25s:+%25s"+%25+item+for+item+in+attrs.items()))|code-block|syntax|javascript|685721|如果你想在磁盘上存储Python对象，你应该看看shelve+—+Python+object+persistence。|685722|entityMap|0|LINK|mutability|MUTABLE|url|https://docs.python.org/2/library/functions.html#vars|1|https://docs.python.org/2/library/shelve.html^0|F|6|F|6|0|0|0|O|Y|1|0^^$0|@$1|2|3|4|5|6|7|W|8|@$9|X|A|Y|B|C]]|D|@$9|Z|A|10|1|11]]|E|$]]|$1|F|3|G|5|H|7|12|8|@]|D|@]|E|$I|J]]|$1|K|3|L|5|6|7|13|8|@]|D|@$9|14|A|15|1|16]]|E|$]]|$1|M|3|-4|5|6|7|17|8|@]|D|@]|E|$]]]|N|$O|$5|P|Q|R|E|$S|T]]|U|$5|P|Q|R|E|$S|V]]]]

In this simple case you can use <a href="https://docs.python.org/2/library/functions.html#vars" rel="noreferrer" title="vars()"><code>vars()</code></a>:

<pre><code>an = Animal()
attrs = vars(an)
# {'kids': 0, 'name': 'Dog', 'color': 'Spotted', 'age': 10, 'legs': 2, 'smell': 'Alot'}
# now dump this in some way or another
print(', '.join("%s: %s" % item for item in attrs.items()))
</code></pre>

If you want to store Python objects on the disk you should look at <a href="https://docs.python.org/2/library/shelve.html" rel="noreferrer" title="shelve — Python object persistence">shelve — Python object persistence</a>.

blocks|key|902309|text|也许你正在寻找这样的东西？|type|unstyled|depth|inlineStyleRanges|entityRanges|data|902310|++++>>>+class+MyTest:
++++++++def+__init__+(self):
++++++++++++self.value+=+3
++++>>>+myobj+=+MyTest()
++++>>>+myobj.__dict__
++++{'value':+3}|code-block|syntax|javascript|902311|entityMap^0|0|0^^$0|@$1|2|3|4|5|6|7|I|8|@]|9|@]|A|$]]|$1|B|3|C|5|D|7|J|8|@]|9|@]|A|$E|F]]|$1|G|3|-4|5|6|7|K|8|@]|9|@]|A|$]]]|H|$]]

Maybe you are looking for something like this?

<pre><code> &gt;&gt;&gt; class MyTest:
 def __init__ (self):
 self.value = 3
 &gt;&gt;&gt; myobj = MyTest()
 &gt;&gt;&gt; myobj.__dict__
 {'value': 3}
</code></pre>

blocks|key|902328|text|另一种方法是调用dir()函数(请参阅https://docs.python.org/2/library/functions.html#dir)。|type|unstyled|depth|inlineStyleRanges|offset|length|style|CODE|entityRanges|data|902329|a+=+Animal()
dir(a)+++
>>>
['__class__',+'__delattr__',+'__dict__',+'__doc__',+'__format__',+'__getattribute__',
+'__hash__',+'__init__',+'__module__',+'__new__',+'__reduce__',+'__reduce_ex__',+
+'__repr__',+'__setattr__',+'__sizeof__',+'__str__',+'__subclasshook__',+
+'__weakref__',+'age',+'color',+'kids',+'legs',+'name',+'smell']|code-block|syntax|javascript|902330|请注意，dir()会尝试访问任何可能访问的属性。|902331|然后，您可以访问属性，例如，使用双下划线进行筛选：|902332|attributes+=+[attr+for+attr+in+dir(a)+
++++++++++++++if+not+attr.startswith('__')]|902333|这只是一个使用dir()可以做什么的例子，请检查其他答案以了解正确的方法。|902334|entityMap|0|LINK|mutability|MUTABLE|url|https://docs.python.org/2/library/functions.html#dir|1|2|3^0|8|5|8|5|0|J|1G|1|0|0|4|5|4|5|2|0|0|0|7|5|7|5|3|0^^$0|@$1|2|3|4|5|6|7|13|8|@$9|14|A|15|B|C]]|D|@$9|16|A|17|1|18]|$9|19|A|1A|1|1B]]|E|$]]|$1|F|3|G|5|H|7|1C|8|@]|D|@]|E|$I|J]]|$1|K|3|L|5|6|7|1D|8|@$9|1E|A|1F|B|C]]|D|@$9|1G|A|1H|1|1I]]|E|$]]|$1|M|3|N|5|6|7|1J|8|@]|D|@]|E|$]]|$1|O|3|P|5|H|7|1K|8|@]|D|@]|E|$I|J]]|$1|Q|3|R|5|6|7|1L|8|@$9|1M|A|1N|B|C]]|D|@$9|1O|A|1P|1|1Q]]|E|$]]|$1|S|3|-4|5|6|7|1R|8|@]|D|@]|E|$]]]|T|$U|$5|V|W|X|E|$Y|Z]]|10|$5|V|W|X|E|$Y|Z]]|11|$5|V|W|X|E|$Y|Z]]|12|$5|V|W|X|E|$Y|Z]]]]

Another way is to call the <a href="https://docs.python.org/2/library/functions.html#dir" rel="noreferrer" title="dir"><code>dir()</code></a> function (see <a href="https://docs.python.org/2/library/functions.html#dir" rel="noreferrer" title="dir">https://docs.python.org/2/library/functions.html#dir</a>).

<pre><code>a = Animal()
dir(a) 
&gt;&gt;&gt;
['__class__', '__delattr__', '__dict__', '__doc__', '__format__', '__getattribute__',
 '__hash__', '__init__', '__module__', '__new__', '__reduce__', '__reduce_ex__', 
 '__repr__', '__setattr__', '__sizeof__', '__str__', '__subclasshook__', 
 '__weakref__', 'age', 'color', 'kids', 'legs', 'name', 'smell']
</code></pre>

Note, that <a href="https://docs.python.org/2/library/functions.html#dir" rel="noreferrer" title="dir"><code>dir()</code></a> tries to reach any attribute that is possible to reach.

Then you can access the attributes e.g. by filtering with double underscores:

<pre><code>attributes = [attr for attr in dir(a) 
 if not attr.startswith('__')]
</code></pre>

This is just an example of what is possible to do with <a href="https://docs.python.org/2/library/functions.html#dir" rel="noreferrer" title="dir"><code>dir()</code></a>, please check the other answers for proper way of doing this.

blocks|key|902347|text|试试ppretty|type|unstyled|depth|inlineStyleRanges|entityRanges|offset|length|data|902348|from+ppretty+import+ppretty


class+Animal(object):
++++def+__init__(self):
++++++++self.legs+=+2
++++++++self.name+=+'Dog'
++++++++self.color=+'Spotted'
++++++++self.smell=+'Alot'
++++++++self.age++=+10
++++++++self.kids+=+0


print+ppretty(Animal(),+seq_length=10)|code-block|syntax|javascript|902349|输出：|902350|__main__.Animal(age+=+10,+color+=+'Spotted',+kids+=+0,+legs+=+2,+name+=+'Dog',+smell+=+'Alot')|902351|entityMap|0|LINK|mutability|MUTABLE|url|https://github.com/symonsoft/ppretty^0|2|7|0|0|0|0|0^^$0|@$1|2|3|4|5|6|7|U|8|@]|9|@$A|V|B|W|1|X]]|C|$]]|$1|D|3|E|5|F|7|Y|8|@]|9|@]|C|$G|H]]|$1|I|3|J|5|6|7|Z|8|@]|9|@]|C|$]]|$1|K|3|L|5|F|7|10|8|@]|9|@]|C|$G|H]]|$1|M|3|-4|5|6|7|11|8|@]|9|@]|C|$]]]|N|$O|$5|P|Q|R|C|$S|T]]]]

try <a href="https://github.com/symonsoft/ppretty" rel="noreferrer">ppretty</a>:

<pre><code>from ppretty import ppretty


class Animal(object):
 def __init__(self):
 self.legs = 2
 self.name = 'Dog'
 self.color= 'Spotted'
 self.smell= 'Alot'
 self.age = 10
 self.kids = 0


print ppretty(Animal(), seq_length=10)
</code></pre>

Output:

<pre><code>__main__.Animal(age = 10, color = 'Spotted', kids = 0, legs = 2, name = 'Dog', smell = 'Alot')
</code></pre>

blocks|key|685828|text|就试试beeprint吧|type|unstyled|depth|inlineStyleRanges|entityRanges|offset|length|data|685829|它输出如下所示的内容：|685830|instance(Animal):
++++legs:+2,
++++name:+'Dog',
++++color:+'Spotted',
++++smell:+'Alot',
++++age:+10,
++++kids:+0,|code-block|syntax|javascript|685831|我想这正是你需要的。|685832|entityMap|0|LINK|mutability|MUTABLE|url|https://github.com/panyanyany/beeprint^0|3|8|0|0|0|0|0^^$0|@$1|2|3|4|5|6|7|U|8|@]|9|@$A|V|B|W|1|X]]|C|$]]|$1|D|3|E|5|6|7|Y|8|@]|9|@]|C|$]]|$1|F|3|G|5|H|7|Z|8|@]|9|@]|C|$I|J]]|$1|K|3|L|5|6|7|10|8|@]|9|@]|C|$]]|$1|M|3|-4|5|6|7|11|8|@]|9|@]|C|$]]]|N|$O|$5|P|Q|R|C|$S|T]]]]

Just try <a href="https://github.com/panyanyany/beeprint" rel="nofollow">beeprint</a>

it prints something like this:

<pre><code>instance(Animal):
 legs: 2,
 name: 'Dog',
 color: 'Spotted',
 smell: 'Alot',
 age: 10,
 kids: 0,
</code></pre>

I think is exactly what you need.

blocks|key|902396|text|下面是完整的代码。结果就是你想要的。|type|unstyled|depth|inlineStyleRanges|entityRanges|data|902397|class+Animal(object):
++++def+__init__(self):
++++++++self.legs+=+2
++++++++self.name+=+'Dog'
++++++++self.color=+'Spotted'
++++++++self.smell=+'Alot'
++++++++self.age++=+10
++++++++self.kids+=+0

if+__name__+==+'__main__':
++++animal+=+Animal()
++++temp+=+vars(animal)
++++for+item+in+temp:
++++++++print+item+,+'+:+'+,+temp[item]
++++++++#print+item+,+'+:+',+temp[item]+,|code-block|syntax|javascript|902398|entityMap^0|0|0^^$0|@$1|2|3|4|5|6|7|I|8|@]|9|@]|A|$]]|$1|B|3|C|5|D|7|J|8|@]|9|@]|A|$E|F]]|$1|G|3|-4|5|6|7|K|8|@]|9|@]|A|$]]]|H|$]]

Here is full code. The result is exactly what you want. 

<pre><code>class Animal(object):
 def __init__(self):
 self.legs = 2
 self.name = 'Dog'
 self.color= 'Spotted'
 self.smell= 'Alot'
 self.age = 10
 self.kids = 0

if __name__ == '__main__':
 animal = Animal()
 temp = vars(animal)
 for item in temp:
 print item , ' : ' , temp[item]
 #print item , ' : ', temp[item] ,
</code></pre>

I have a class Animal with several properties like:

<pre><code>
class Animal(object):
 def __init__(self):
 self.legs = 2
 self.name = 'Dog'
 self.color= 'Spotted'
 self.smell= 'Alot'
 self.age = 10
 self.kids = 0
 #many more...
</code></pre>

I now want to print all these properties to a text file. The ugly way I'm doing it now is like:

<pre><code>
animal=Animal()
output = 'legs:%d, name:%s, color:%s, smell:%s, age:%d, kids:%d' % (animal.legs, animal.name, animal.color, animal.smell, animal.age, animal.kids,)
</code></pre>

Is there a better Pythonic way to do this?

Print all properties of a Python Class

Python

我有一个Animal类，它有几个属性，比如：class Animal(object):    def __init__(self):        self.legs = 2        self.name = 'Dog'        self.color= 'Spotted'        self.smell=...

问打印Python类的所有属性
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