blocks|key|1562554|text|Django希望模型构造函数的签名是(self,+*args,+**kwargs)，或者是一些合理的传真。您将签名更改为完全不兼容的内容已将其破坏。|type|unstyled|depth|inlineStyleRanges|offset|length|style|CODE|entityRanges|data|1562555|entityMap^0|I|N|0^^$0|@$1|2|3|4|5|6|7|H|8|@$9|I|A|J|B|C]]|D|@]|E|$]]|$1|F|3|-4|5|6|7|K|8|@]|D|@]|E|$]]]|G|$]]

Django expects the signature of a model's constructor to be <code>(self, *args, **kwargs)</code>, or some reasonable facsimile. Your changing the signature to something completely incompatible has broken it.

blocks|key|1347039|text|依靠Django的内置功能并传递命名参数将是最简单的方法。|type|unstyled|depth|inlineStyleRanges|entityRanges|data|1347040|p+=+User(name="Fred",+email="fred@example.com")|code-block|syntax|javascript|1347041|但是如果你想节省一些击键，我建议你给这个类添加一个静态的方便方法，而不是弄乱初始化器。|1347042|#+In+User+class+declaration
@classmethod
def+create(cls,+name,+email):
++return+cls(name=name,+email=email)

#+Use+it
p+=+User.create("Fred",+"fred@example.com")|1347043|entityMap^0|0|0|0|0^^$0|@$1|2|3|4|5|6|7|M|8|@]|9|@]|A|$]]|$1|B|3|C|5|D|7|N|8|@]|9|@]|A|$E|F]]|$1|G|3|H|5|6|7|O|8|@]|9|@]|A|$]]|$1|I|3|J|5|D|7|P|8|@]|9|@]|A|$E|F]]|$1|K|3|-4|5|6|7|Q|8|@]|9|@]|A|$]]]|L|$]]

Relying on Django's built-in functionality and passing named parameters would be the simplest way to go.

<pre><code>p = User(name="Fred", email="fred@example.com")
</code></pre>

But if you're set on saving some keystrokes, I'd suggest adding a static convenience method to the class instead of messing with the initializer.

<pre><code># In User class declaration
@classmethod
def create(cls, name, email):
 return cls(name=name, email=email)

# Use it
p = User.create("Fred", "fred@example.com")
</code></pre>

blocks|key|1347105|text|不要使用args参数创建模型。如果你这样做一个模型：|type|unstyled|depth|inlineStyleRanges|entityRanges|data|1347106|+User('name','email')|code-block|syntax|javascript|1347107|它很快就变得非常不可读，因为大多数模型需要更多的初始化。你很容易得到这样的结果：|1347108|User('Bert',+'Reynolds',+'me@bertreynolds.com','0123456789','5432106789',....)|1347109|这里的另一个问题是，你不知道'Bert‘是名还是姓。最后两个数字可以很容易地是电话号码和系统id。但如果不显式，您将更容易将它们混淆，或者如果您使用标识符，则会混淆顺序。更重要的是，基于顺序的方法将对使用此方法的其他开发人员施加另一个约束，并且不会记住参数的任意顺序。|1347110|您应该更喜欢这样的代码：|1347111|User(
++++first_name='Bert',
++++last_name='Reynolds',
++++email='me@bertreynolds.com',
++++phone='0123456789',
++++system_id='5432106789',
)|1347112|如果这是为了测试或类似的事情，您可以使用工厂来快速创建模型。工厂男孩链接可能很有用：http://factoryboy.readthedocs.org/en/latest/|offset|length|1347113|entityMap|0|LINK|mutability|MUTABLE|url|http://factoryboy.readthedocs.org/en/latest/^0|0|0|0|0|0|0|0|16|18|0|0^^$0|@$1|2|3|4|5|6|7|12|8|@]|9|@]|A|$]]|$1|B|3|C|5|D|7|13|8|@]|9|@]|A|$E|F]]|$1|G|3|H|5|6|7|14|8|@]|9|@]|A|$]]|$1|I|3|J|5|D|7|15|8|@]|9|@]|A|$E|F]]|$1|K|3|L|5|6|7|16|8|@]|9|@]|A|$]]|$1|M|3|N|5|6|7|17|8|@]|9|@]|A|$]]|$1|O|3|P|5|D|7|18|8|@]|9|@]|A|$E|F]]|$1|Q|3|R|5|6|7|19|8|@]|9|@$S|1A|T|1B|1|1C]]|A|$]]|$1|U|3|-4|5|6|7|1D|8|@]|9|@]|A|$]]]|V|$W|$5|X|Y|Z|A|$10|11]]]]

Don't create models with args parameters. If you make a model like so:

<pre><code> User('name','email')
</code></pre>

It becomes very unreadable very quickly as most models require more than that for initialization. You could very easily end up with:

<pre><code>User('Bert', 'Reynolds', 'me@bertreynolds.com','0123456789','5432106789',....)
</code></pre>

Another problem here is that you don't know whether 'Bert' is the first or the last name. The last two numbers could easily be a phone number and a system id. But without it being explicit you will more easily mix them up, or mix up the order if you are using identifiers. What's more is that doing it order-based will put yet another constraint on other developers who use this method and won't remember the arbitrary order of parameters.

You should prefer something like this instead:

<pre><code>User(
 first_name='Bert',
 last_name='Reynolds',
 email='me@bertreynolds.com',
 phone='0123456789',
 system_id='5432106789',
)
</code></pre>

If this is for tests or something like that, you can use a factory to quickly create models. The factory boy link may be useful: <a href="http://factoryboy.readthedocs.org/en/latest/" rel="nofollow">http://factoryboy.readthedocs.org/en/latest/</a>

blocks|key|1562699|text|正确的答案是避免覆盖__init__，并按照Django+docs中的描述编写一个类方法。|type|unstyled|depth|inlineStyleRanges|offset|length|style|CODE|entityRanges|data|1562700|但这可以像您正在尝试的那样完成，您只需要添加被__init__接受的*args,+**kwargs，并将它们传递给超级方法调用。|1562701|def+__init__(self,+name,+email,+house_id,+password,+*args,+**kwargs):
++++++++super(models.Model,+self).__init__(self,+*args,+**kwargs)
++++++++self.name+=+name
++++++++self.email+=+email|code-block|syntax|javascript|1562702|entityMap|0|LINK|mutability|MUTABLE|url|https://docs.djangoproject.com/en/stable/ref/models/instances/#creating-objects^0|A|8|M|B|0|0|N|8|Y|F|0|0^^$0|@$1|2|3|4|5|6|7|U|8|@$9|V|A|W|B|C]]|D|@$9|X|A|Y|1|Z]]|E|$]]|$1|F|3|G|5|6|7|10|8|@$9|11|A|12|B|C]|$9|13|A|14|B|C]]|D|@]|E|$]]|$1|H|3|I|5|J|7|15|8|@]|D|@]|E|$K|L]]|$1|M|3|-4|5|6|7|16|8|@]|D|@]|E|$]]]|N|$O|$5|P|Q|R|E|$S|T]]]]

The correct answer is to avoid overriding <code>__init__</code> and write a classmethod as described in the <a href="https://docs.djangoproject.com/en/stable/ref/models/instances/#creating-objects" rel="nofollow noreferrer">Django docs</a>.
But this could be done like you're trying, you just need to add in <code>*args, **kwargs</code> to be accepted by your <code>__init__</code>, and pass them on to the super method call.
<pre><code>def __init__(self, name, email, house_id, password, *args, **kwargs):
 super(models.Model, self).__init__(self, *args, **kwargs)
 self.name = name
 self.email = email
</code></pre>

I'm trying to write an <code>__init__</code> function for one of my models so that I can create an object by doing:

<pre><code>p = User('name','email')
</code></pre>

When I write the model, I have:

<pre><code>def __init__(self, name, email, house_id, password):
 models.Model.__init__(self)
 self.name = name
 self.email = email
</code></pre>

This works and I can save the object to the database, but when I do <code>User.objects.all()</code>, it doesn't pull anything up unless I take out my <code>__init__</code> function. Any ideas?

Writing a __init__ function to be used in django model

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Django

我正在尝试为我的一个模型编写一个__init__函数，这样我就可以通过执行以下操作来创建对象：p = User('name','email')当我写模型的时候，我有：def __init__(self, name, email, house_id, password):    models.Model.__init__...

问编写要在django模型中使用的init函数
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