blocks|key|1951705|text|当然，看看sys.version和sys.version_info吧。|type|unstyled|depth|inlineStyleRanges|offset|length|style|CODE|entityRanges|data|1951706|例如，要检查您是否正在运行Python+3.x，请使用|1951707|import+sys
if+sys.version_info[0]+<+3:
++++raise+Exception("Must+be+using+Python+3")|code-block|syntax|javascript|1951708|这里，sys.version_info[0]是主版本号。sys.version_info[1]会给你次版本号。|1951709|在Python2.7和更高版本中，也可以通过名称访问sys.version_info的组件，因此主版本号是sys.version_info.major。|1951710|另请参阅How+can+I+check+for+Python+version+in+a+program+that+uses+new+language+features?|1951711|entityMap|0|LINK|mutability|MUTABLE|url|http://docs.python.org/library/sys.html#sys.version|1|http://docs.python.org/library/sys.html#sys.version_info|2|https://stackoverflow.com/questions/446052/python-best-way-to-check-for-python-version-in-program-that-uses-new-language-f^0|5|B|H|G|5|B|0|H|G|1|0|0|0|3|J|S|J|0|Q|G|1H|M|0|4|28|2|0^^$0|@$1|2|3|4|5|6|7|14|8|@$9|15|A|16|B|C]|$9|17|A|18|B|C]]|D|@$9|19|A|1A|1|1B]|$9|1C|A|1D|1|1E]]|E|$]]|$1|F|3|G|5|6|7|1F|8|@]|D|@]|E|$]]|$1|H|3|I|5|J|7|1G|8|@]|D|@]|E|$K|L]]|$1|M|3|N|5|6|7|1H|8|@$9|1I|A|1J|B|C]|$9|1K|A|1L|B|C]]|D|@]|E|$]]|$1|O|3|P|5|6|7|1M|8|@$9|1N|A|1O|B|C]|$9|1P|A|1Q|B|C]]|D|@]|E|$]]|$1|Q|3|R|5|6|7|1R|8|@]|D|@$9|1S|A|1T|1|1U]]|E|$]]|$1|S|3|-4|5|6|7|1V|8|@]|D|@]|E|$]]]|T|$U|$5|V|W|X|E|$Y|Z]]|10|$5|V|W|X|E|$Y|11]]|12|$5|V|W|X|E|$Y|13]]]]

Sure, take a look at <a href="http://docs.python.org/library/sys.html#sys.version" rel="noreferrer"><code>sys.version</code></a> and <a href="http://docs.python.org/library/sys.html#sys.version_info" rel="noreferrer"><code>sys.version_info</code></a>.

For example, to check that you are running Python 3.x, use

<pre><code>import sys
if sys.version_info[0] &lt; 3:
 raise Exception("Must be using Python 3")
</code></pre>

Here, <code>sys.version_info[0]</code> is the major version number. <code>sys.version_info[1]</code> would give you the minor version number.

In Python 2.7 and later, the components of <code>sys.version_info</code> can also be accessed by name, so the major version number is <code>sys.version_info.major</code>.

See also <a href="https://stackoverflow.com/questions/446052/python-best-way-to-check-for-python-version-in-program-that-uses-new-language-f">How can I check for Python version in a program that uses new language features?</a>

blocks|key|1738272|text|试一下这段代码，这应该是可行的：|type|unstyled|depth|inlineStyleRanges|entityRanges|data|1738273|import+platform
print(platform.python_version())|code-block|syntax|javascript|1738274|entityMap^0|0|0^^$0|@$1|2|3|4|5|6|7|I|8|@]|9|@]|A|$]]|$1|B|3|C|5|D|7|J|8|@]|9|@]|A|$E|F]]|$1|G|3|-4|5|6|7|K|8|@]|9|@]|A|$]]]|H|$]]

Try this code, this should work:

<pre><code>import platform
print(platform.python_version())
</code></pre>

blocks|key|1738229|text|每个sys.hexversion和API+and+ABI+Versioning|type|unstyled|depth|inlineStyleRanges|entityRanges|offset|length|data|1738230|import+sys
if+sys.hexversion+>=+0x3000000:
++++print('Python+3.x+hexversion+%25s+is+in+use.'+%25+hex(sys.hexversion))|code-block|syntax|javascript|1738231|entityMap|0|LINK|mutability|MUTABLE|url|https://docs.python.org/library/sys.html#sys.hexversion|1|https://docs.python.org/c-api/apiabiversion.html^0|2|E|0|H|M|1|0|0^^$0|@$1|2|3|4|5|6|7|S|8|@]|9|@$A|T|B|U|1|V]|$A|W|B|X|1|Y]]|C|$]]|$1|D|3|E|5|F|7|Z|8|@]|9|@]|C|$G|H]]|$1|I|3|-4|5|6|7|10|8|@]|9|@]|C|$]]]|J|$K|$5|L|M|N|C|$O|P]]|Q|$5|L|M|N|C|$O|R]]]]

Per <a href="https://docs.python.org/library/sys.html#sys.hexversion" rel="noreferrer">sys.hexversion</a> and <a href="https://docs.python.org/c-api/apiabiversion.html" rel="noreferrer">API and ABI Versioning</a>:

<pre><code>import sys
if sys.hexversion &gt;= 0x3000000:
 print('Python 3.x hexversion %s is in use.' % hex(sys.hexversion))
</code></pre>

blocks|key|1951971|text|如果您想以人类可读的形式查看所有血淋淋的细节，您可以使用：|type|unstyled|depth|inlineStyleRanges|entityRanges|data|1951972|import+platform;

print(platform.sys.version);|code-block|syntax|javascript|1951973|我的系统的输出：|1951974|3.6.5+%7CAnaconda,+Inc.%7C+(default,+Apr+29+2018,+16:14:56)+
[GCC+7.2.0]|1951975|一些非常详细但机器可解析的方法是从platform.sys获取version_info对象，然后使用它的属性执行预定的操作过程。例如：|offset|length|style|CODE|1951976|import+platform;

print(platform.sys.version_info)|1951977|我的系统上的输出：|1951978|sys.version_info(major=3,+minor=6,+micro=5,+releaselevel='final',+serial=0)|1951979|entityMap^0|0|0|0|0|H|C|V|C|0|0|0|0^^$0|@$1|2|3|4|5|6|7|Y|8|@]|9|@]|A|$]]|$1|B|3|C|5|D|7|Z|8|@]|9|@]|A|$E|F]]|$1|G|3|H|5|6|7|10|8|@]|9|@]|A|$]]|$1|I|3|J|5|D|7|11|8|@]|9|@]|A|$E|F]]|$1|K|3|L|5|6|7|12|8|@$M|13|N|14|O|P]|$M|15|N|16|O|P]]|9|@]|A|$]]|$1|Q|3|R|5|D|7|17|8|@]|9|@]|A|$E|F]]|$1|S|3|T|5|6|7|18|8|@]|9|@]|A|$]]|$1|U|3|V|5|D|7|19|8|@]|9|@]|A|$E|F]]|$1|W|3|-4|5|6|7|1A|8|@]|9|@]|A|$]]]|X|$]]

Just in case you want to see all of the gory details in human readable form, you can use:

<pre><code>import platform;

print(platform.sys.version);
</code></pre>

Output for my system:

<pre><code>3.6.5 |Anaconda, Inc.| (default, Apr 29 2018, 16:14:56) 
[GCC 7.2.0]
</code></pre>

Something very detailed but machine parsable would be to get the <code>version_info</code> object from <code>platform.sys</code>, instead, and then use its properties to take a predetermined course of action. For example:

<pre><code>import platform;

print(platform.sys.version_info)
</code></pre>

Output on my system:

<pre><code>sys.version_info(major=3, minor=6, micro=5, releaselevel='final', serial=0)
</code></pre>

blocks|key|1951802|text|最佳解决方案取决于有多少代码是不兼容的。如果有很多地方需要支持Python2和Python3，那么six就是兼容模块。如果你想检查版本，six.PY2和six.PY3是两个布尔值。|type|unstyled|depth|inlineStyleRanges|offset|length|style|CODE|entityRanges|data|1951803|但是，比使用大量if语句更好的解决方案是尽可能使用six兼容性函数。假设，如果Python3000有一个用于next的新语法，那么有人可能会更新six，以便您的旧代码仍然可以工作。|1951804|import+six

#OK
if+six.PY2:
++x+=+it.next()+#+Python+2+syntax
else:
++x+=+next(it)+#+Python+3+syntax

#Better
x+=+six.next(it)|code-block|syntax|javascript|1951805|http://pythonhosted.org/six/|1951806|干杯|1951807|entityMap|0|LINK|mutability|MUTABLE|url^0|1D|3|1W|7|24|7|0|8|2|P|3|1I|4|20|3|0|0|0|S|0|0|0^^$0|@$1|2|3|4|5|6|7|X|8|@$9|Y|A|Z|B|C]|$9|10|A|11|B|C]|$9|12|A|13|B|C]]|D|@]|E|$]]|$1|F|3|G|5|6|7|14|8|@$9|15|A|16|B|C]|$9|17|A|18|B|C]|$9|19|A|1A|B|C]|$9|1B|A|1C|B|C]]|D|@]|E|$]]|$1|H|3|I|5|J|7|1D|8|@]|D|@]|E|$K|L]]|$1|M|3|N|5|6|7|1E|8|@]|D|@$9|1F|A|1G|1|1H]]|E|$]]|$1|O|3|P|5|6|7|1I|8|@]|D|@]|E|$]]|$1|Q|3|-4|5|6|7|1J|8|@]|D|@]|E|$]]]|R|$S|$5|T|U|V|E|$W|N]]]]

The best solution depends on how much code is incompatible. If there are a lot of places you need to support Python 2 and 3, <code>six</code> is the compatibility module. <code>six.PY2</code> and <code>six.PY3</code> are two booleans if you want to check the version.

However, a better solution than using a lot of <code>if</code> statements is to use <code>six</code> compatibility functions if possible. Hypothetically, if Python 3000 has a new syntax for <code>next</code>, someone could update <code>six</code> so your old code would still work.

<pre><code>import six

#OK
if six.PY2:
 x = it.next() # Python 2 syntax
else:
 x = next(it) # Python 3 syntax

#Better
x = six.next(it)
</code></pre>

<a href="http://pythonhosted.org/six/" rel="noreferrer">http://pythonhosted.org/six/</a>

Cheers

blocks|key|1951750|text|下面是我在sys.version_info中使用的一些代码，用于检查Python安装：|type|unstyled|depth|inlineStyleRanges|offset|length|style|CODE|entityRanges|data|1951751|def+check_installation(rv):
++++current_version+=+sys.version_info
++++if+current_version[0]+==+rv[0]+and+current_version[1]+>=+rv[1]:
++++++++pass
++++else:
++++++++sys.stderr.write(+"[%25s]+-+Error:+Your+Python+interpreter+must+be+%25d.%25d+or+greater+(within+major+version+%25d)\n"+%25+(sys.argv[0],+rv[0],+rv[1],+rv[0])+)
++++++++sys.exit(-1)
++++return+0

...

#+Calling+the+'check_installation'+function+checks+if+Python+is+>=+2.7+and+<+3
required_version+=+(2,7)
check_installation(required_version)|code-block|syntax|javascript|1951752|entityMap|0|LINK|mutability|MUTABLE|url|http://docs.python.org/library/sys.html#sys.version_info^0|5|G|5|G|0|0|0^^$0|@$1|2|3|4|5|6|7|S|8|@$9|T|A|U|B|C]]|D|@$9|V|A|W|1|X]]|E|$]]|$1|F|3|G|5|H|7|Y|8|@]|D|@]|E|$I|J]]|$1|K|3|-4|5|6|7|Z|8|@]|D|@]|E|$]]]|L|$M|$5|N|O|P|E|$Q|R]]]]

Here's some code I use with <a href="http://docs.python.org/library/sys.html#sys.version_info" rel="nofollow noreferrer"><code>sys.version_info</code></a> to check the Python installation:

<pre><code>def check_installation(rv):
 current_version = sys.version_info
 if current_version[0] == rv[0] and current_version[1] &gt;= rv[1]:
 pass
 else:
 sys.stderr.write( "[%s] - Error: Your Python interpreter must be %d.%d or greater (within major version %d)\n" % (sys.argv[0], rv[0], rv[1], rv[0]) )
 sys.exit(-1)
 return 0

...

# Calling the 'check_installation' function checks if Python is &gt;= 2.7 and &lt; 3
required_version = (2,7)
check_installation(required_version)
</code></pre>

blocks|key|1738246|text|为了使脚本与Python2和3兼容，我使用：|type|unstyled|depth|inlineStyleRanges|entityRanges|data|1738247|from+sys+import+version_info
if+version_info[0]+<+3:
++++from+__future__+import+print_function|code-block|syntax|javascript|1738248|entityMap^0|0|0^^$0|@$1|2|3|4|5|6|7|I|8|@]|9|@]|A|$]]|$1|B|3|C|5|D|7|J|8|@]|9|@]|A|$E|F]]|$1|G|3|-4|5|6|7|K|8|@]|9|@]|A|$]]]|H|$]]

To make the scripts compatible with Python2 and 3 i use :

<pre><code>from sys import version_info
if version_info[0] &lt; 3:
 from __future__ import print_function
</code></pre>

blocks|key|1951833|text|下面是版本检查示例。|type|unstyled|depth|inlineStyleRanges|entityRanges|data|1951834|请注意，我并没有停止执行，这段代码只是：|1951835|如果精确版本匹配，则不执行任何操作如果版本(最后一个编号)不同，则写入信息如果任何major%2Bminor不同，则写入警告|1951836|import+sys
import+warnings

def+checkVersion():
++++#+Checking+Python+version:
++++expect_major+=+2
++++expect_minor+=+7
++++expect_rev+=+14
++++if+sys.version_info[:3]+!=+(expect_major,+expect_minor,+expect_rev):
++++++++print("INFO:+Script+developed+and+tested+with+Python+"+%2B+str(expect_major)+%2B+"."+%2B+str(expect_minor)+%2B+"."+%2B+str(expect_rev))
++++++++current_version+=+str(sys.version_info[0])%2B"."%2Bstr(sys.version_info[1])%2B"."%2Bstr(sys.version_info[2])
++++++++if+sys.version_info[:2]+!=+(expect_major,+expect_minor):
++++++++++++warnings.warn("Current+Python+version+was+unexpected:+Python+"+%2B+current_version)
++++++++else:
++++++++++++print("++++++Current+version+is+different:+Python+"+%2B+current_version)|code-block|syntax|javascript|1951837|entityMap^0|0|0|0|0^^$0|@$1|2|3|4|5|6|7|M|8|@]|9|@]|A|$]]|$1|B|3|C|5|6|7|N|8|@]|9|@]|A|$]]|$1|D|3|E|5|6|7|O|8|@]|9|@]|A|$]]|$1|F|3|G|5|H|7|P|8|@]|9|@]|A|$I|J]]|$1|K|3|-4|5|6|7|Q|8|@]|9|@]|A|$]]]|L|$]]

Version check example below. 
Note that I do not stop the execution, this snippet just: 
- do nothing if exact version matches 
- write INFO if revision (last number) is different 
- write WARN if any of major+minor are different 

<pre><code>import sys
import warnings

def checkVersion():
 # Checking Python version:
 expect_major = 2
 expect_minor = 7
 expect_rev = 14
 if sys.version_info[:3] != (expect_major, expect_minor, expect_rev):
 print("INFO: Script developed and tested with Python " + str(expect_major) + "." + str(expect_minor) + "." + str(expect_rev))
 current_version = str(sys.version_info[0])+"."+str(sys.version_info[1])+"."+str(sys.version_info[2])
 if sys.version_info[:2] != (expect_major, expect_minor):
 warnings.warn("Current Python version was unexpected: Python " + current_version)
 else:
 print(" Current version is different: Python " + current_version)
</code></pre>

blocks|key|1951952|text|因为你感兴趣的是你的Python2还是Python3，有点老生常谈，但肯定是最简单和100%25的工作方式如下：python+python_version_major+=+3/2*2唯一的缺点是，当有Python4的时候，它可能仍然会给你3。|type|unstyled|depth|inlineStyleRanges|offset|length|style|CODE|entityRanges|data|1951953|entityMap^0|1I|Z|0^^$0|@$1|2|3|4|5|6|7|H|8|@$9|I|A|J|B|C]]|D|@]|E|$]]|$1|F|3|-4|5|6|7|K|8|@]|D|@]|E|$]]]|G|$]]

Since all you are interested in is whether you have Python 2 or 3, a bit hackish but definitely the simplest and 100% working way of doing that would be as follows: 
<code>python
python_version_major = 3/2*2
</code>
The only drawback of this is that when there is Python 4, it will probably still give you 3.

I have a Python file which might have to support Python versions &lt; 3.x and >= 3.x. Is there a way to introspect the Python runtime to know the version which it is running (for example, <code>2.6 or 3.2.x</code>)?

How do I detect the Python version at runtime?

Python

我有一个Python文件，它可能必须支持Python版本< 3.x和>= 3.x。有没有办法内省Python运行时以了解它正在运行的版本(例如，2.6 or 3.2.x)？

问如何在运行时检测Python版本？
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回答 9

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问如何在运行时检测Python版本？
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