blocks|key|1397788|text|您应该能够像这样嵌套:include、:except等：|type|unstyled|depth|inlineStyleRanges|offset|length|style|CODE|entityRanges|data|1397789|:except+=>+{:item+=>+[+:created_at,+:updated_at,+:draft,+:id,+:publish+]}...|code-block|syntax|javascript|1397790|如果这不起作用，那就把它变成一个对象(例如OpenStruct)，而不是哈希。|1397791|--+Markus|1397792|entityMap^0|A|8|J|7|0|0|0|0^^$0|@$1|2|3|4|5|6|7|Q|8|@$9|R|A|S|B|C]|$9|T|A|U|B|C]]|D|@]|E|$]]|$1|F|3|G|5|H|7|V|8|@]|D|@]|E|$I|J]]|$1|K|3|L|5|6|7|W|8|@]|D|@]|E|$]]|$1|M|3|N|5|6|7|X|8|@]|D|@]|E|$]]|$1|O|3|-4|5|6|7|Y|8|@]|D|@]|E|$]]]|P|$]]

You should be able to nest the <code>:include</code>, <code>:except</code>, etc. like so:

<pre><code>:except =&gt; {:item =&gt; [ :created_at, :updated_at, :draft, :id, :publish ]}...
</code></pre>

If that doesn't work, make it an object (e.g. an OpenStruct) instead of a hash.

-- Markus

blocks|key|1612558|text|为了清楚起见，上面的代码使用:include和:except。工作，我的意思是它不会抛出错误。问题是它包含了索引中每一篇文章的注释。我只希望包含:item的注释，而不是索引中列出的任何文章。|type|unstyled|depth|inlineStyleRanges|entityRanges|data|1612559|我不能让嵌套作为散列或OpenStruct对象工作。|1612560|嵌套on+:include抛出错误，嵌套on+:except不抛出错误，但没有过滤掉任何东西，:created_at等仍然显示。|1612561|...

@response+=+{+:item+=>+@article,+:index+=>+@index+}

format.js+{+render+:json+=>+@response.to_json(
:except+=>+{:item+=>+[+:created_at,+:updated_at,+:draft,+:id,+:publish+]},+
:include+=>+{+:item+=>+{
++++++++:comments+=>+{
++++++++++++++++:only+=>+[:body]
++++++++}
}}),
:callback+=>+params[:callback]}
end|code-block|syntax|javascript|1612562|entityMap^0|0|0|0|0^^$0|@$1|2|3|4|5|6|7|M|8|@]|9|@]|A|$]]|$1|B|3|C|5|6|7|N|8|@]|9|@]|A|$]]|$1|D|3|E|5|6|7|O|8|@]|9|@]|A|$]]|$1|F|3|G|5|H|7|P|8|@]|9|@]|A|$I|J]]|$1|K|3|-4|5|6|7|Q|8|@]|9|@]|A|$]]]|L|$]]

Just to be clear the code above works with the :include and :except. And by works I mean it doesn't throw an error. The problem is it includes comments for every article in the index. I'm only looking to include comments for the :item and not any of the articles listed in the index.

I couldn't get nesting to work as a hash or an OpenStruct object.

Nesting on :include throws an error, nesting on :except doesn't throw an error, but nothing is filtered out, :created_at, etc. still show up.

<pre><code>...

@response = { :item =&gt; @article, :index =&gt; @index }

format.js { render :json =&gt; @response.to_json(
:except =&gt; {:item =&gt; [ :created_at, :updated_at, :draft, :id, :publish ]}, 
:include =&gt; { :item =&gt; {
 :comments =&gt; {
 :only =&gt; [:body]
 }
}}),
:callback =&gt; params[:callback]}
end
</code></pre>

blocks|key|1612616|text|to_json有一个:method选项，它包含您指定的任何方法的结果，您可以在该模型上定义一个方法，该方法返回您的JSON中需要的附加数据。|type|unstyled|depth|inlineStyleRanges|entityRanges|data|1612617|entityMap^0|0^^$0|@$1|2|3|4|5|6|7|D|8|@]|9|@]|A|$]]|$1|B|3|-4|5|6|7|E|8|@]|9|@]|A|$]]]|C|$]]

to_json has a :method option that includes the result of any method you name, you could define a method on that model that returns the additional data you want in your JSON.

blocks|key|1612686|text|你在你的问题中暗示了解决方案。您很可能希望构建一个散列来呈现给JSON。现在最好的方法是为as_json方法提供一个实现。as_json提供了一种通过构建包含要编码的数据的散列来定制to_json输出的正式方法。|type|unstyled|depth|inlineStyleRanges|entityRanges|data|1612687|在Jonathan+Julian's+weblog上可以找到关于as_json和to_json如何交互的更全面的讨论。|offset|length|1612688|entityMap|0|LINK|mutability|MUTABLE|url|http://jonathanjulian.com/2010/04/rails-to_json-or-as_json/^0|0|1|O|0|0^^$0|@$1|2|3|4|5|6|7|N|8|@]|9|@]|A|$]]|$1|B|3|C|5|6|7|O|8|@]|9|@$D|P|E|Q|1|R]]|A|$]]|$1|F|3|-4|5|6|7|S|8|@]|9|@]|A|$]]]|G|$H|$5|I|J|K|A|$L|M]]]]

You hint at the solution in your question. You most likely want to build up a hash to render to JSON. The preferred way of doing this now is by providing an implementation for the as_json method. as_json provides a formal means of customizing to_json output by building up a hash containing the data you wish to encode.

A more thorough treatment of how as_json and to_json interact can be found on <a href="http://jonathanjulian.com/2010/04/rails-to_json-or-as_json/" rel="noreferrer">Jonathan Julian's weblog</a>.

blocks|key|1612794|text|(请接受回答)|type|unstyled|depth|inlineStyleRanges|entityRanges|data|1612795|我认为nirvdrum给出的链接包含了你的答案。我之所以回答，是因为没有人提到encode_json。|offset|length|style|CODE|1612796|在您的情况下，您应该只处理as_json。通过构建散列(具有对as_json的各种调用)并将其发送到render+:json+=>+...+(不调用to_json)，或者通过简单地在模型上实现as_json并让rails完成所有工作。(但我怀疑您会需要前者。)|1612797|如果您确实需要在呈现的响应中使用一些奇特的js，那么您可以在您的类中实现encode_json+(同样，不是to_json)。例如：|1612798|class+JsEmptyClosure
++def+encode_json(*args)
++++"jQuery[\"noop\"]+%7C%7C+function(){}"
++end
++def+as_json(*args)+self+end
end|code-block|syntax|javascript|1612799|这将使用有效的js响应to_json+(但请注意，它实际上不是json)。|1612800|entityMap^0|0|13|B|0|D|7|V|7|1E|J|22|7|2O|7|0|10|B|1I|7|0|0|B|7|0^^$0|@$1|2|3|4|5|6|7|U|8|@]|9|@]|A|$]]|$1|B|3|C|5|6|7|V|8|@$D|W|E|X|F|G]]|9|@]|A|$]]|$1|H|3|I|5|6|7|Y|8|@$D|Z|E|10|F|G]|$D|11|E|12|F|G]|$D|13|E|14|F|G]|$D|15|E|16|F|G]|$D|17|E|18|F|G]]|9|@]|A|$]]|$1|J|3|K|5|6|7|19|8|@$D|1A|E|1B|F|G]|$D|1C|E|1D|F|G]]|9|@]|A|$]]|$1|L|3|M|5|N|7|1E|8|@]|9|@]|A|$O|P]]|$1|Q|3|R|5|6|7|1F|8|@$D|1G|E|1H|F|G]]|9|@]|A|$]]|$1|S|3|-4|5|6|7|1I|8|@]|9|@]|A|$]]]|T|$]]

(Please accept an answer)

I think that the link that nirvdrum gave holds your answer. I only answer because nobody has mentioned <code>encode_json</code>.

In your case you should only be dealing with <code>as_json</code>. Either by building a hash (with various calls to <code>as_json</code>) and sending that to <code>render :json =&gt; ...</code> (without the call to <code>to_json</code>) or by simply implementing <code>as_json</code> on your model and letting rails do all the work. (But I suspect you'll need the former.)

If you really need some fancy js in your rendered response then you can implement <code>encode_json</code> in your classes (again, not <code>to_json</code>). For example:

<pre><code>class JsEmptyClosure
 def encode_json(*args)
 "jQuery[\"noop\"] || function(){}"
 end
 def as_json(*args) self end
end
</code></pre>

This will now respond to <code>to_json</code> with valid js (but note it's not actually json).

blocks|key|1612886|text|我建议重载attributes方法以返回将在to_json输出中自动使用的alternat散列。|type|unstyled|depth|inlineStyleRanges|entityRanges|data|1612887|class+Article
+++def+attributes
+++++{+...+}+#+define+your+hash+that+you+want+to+return+at+the+'...'
+++end
end|code-block|syntax|javascript|1612888|对我来说，这似乎比直接摆弄to_json简单得多。|1612889|entityMap^0|0|0|0^^$0|@$1|2|3|4|5|6|7|K|8|@]|9|@]|A|$]]|$1|B|3|C|5|D|7|L|8|@]|9|@]|A|$E|F]]|$1|G|3|H|5|6|7|M|8|@]|9|@]|A|$]]|$1|I|3|-4|5|6|7|N|8|@]|9|@]|A|$]]]|J|$]]

I would recommend overloading the attributes method to return an alternat hash that will be automatically used in to_json output. 

<pre><code>class Article
 def attributes
 { ... } # define your hash that you want to return at the '...'
 end
end
</code></pre>

To me this seems much simpler than mucking around with to_json directly.

I'm looking to render an index of all articles along with a full article via JSON in my rails app, but I'm having a little trouble figuring out how to do it.

Here is my controller now:

<pre><code>if params[:id]
 @article = Article.find(params[:id])
else
 @article = Article.published.not_draft.by_recent.first
end

respond_to do |format|

format.js { render :json =&gt; @article.to_json(
:except =&gt; [ :created_at, :updated_at, :draft, :id, :publish ], 
:include =&gt; {
 :comments =&gt; {
 :only =&gt; [:body]
 }
}),
:callback =&gt; params[:callback]}
end
</code></pre>

What I'd like to do in the response is add an index of all articles, like so:

<pre><code>@index = Article.find(:all, :select =&gt; 'id, title')
</code></pre>

The only way I've been able to do it, is put both the index and article into a hash or array and then put that to JSON.

<pre><code>@response = { :item =&gt; @article, :index =&gt; @index }
</code></pre>

Full code with both:

<pre><code>@index = Article.find(:all, :select =&gt; 'id, title')

if params[:id]
 @article = Article.find(params[:id])
else
 @article = Article.published.not_draft.by_recent.first
end

@response = { :item =&gt; @article, :index =&gt; @index }

respond_to do |format|

format.js { render :json =&gt; @response.to_json(), :callback =&gt; params[:callback]}

end
</code></pre>

This would be fine, except now I cannot specify <code>:include</code> or <code>:except</code> and get it to render properly.

Ruby on Rails Advanced JSON Serialization

jQuery

JSON

我希望在我的rails应用程序中通过JSON呈现所有文章的索引以及一篇完整的文章，但我在弄清楚如何做到这一点上遇到了一些麻烦。这是我现在的控制器：if params[:id]    @article = Article.find(params[:id])else    @article = Article.publis...

问Ruby on Rails高级JSON序列化
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