blocks|key|4404899|text|我不知道这个特性，但是你可以使用标签来运行你的剧本中的一个角色。|type|unstyled|depth|inlineStyleRanges|entityRanges|data|4404900|roles:
++++-+{role:+'mysql',+tags:+'mysql'}
++++-+{role:+'apache',+tags:+'apache'}

ansible-playbook+webserver.yml+--tags+"apache"|code-block|syntax|javascript|4404901|entityMap^0|0|0^^$0|@$1|2|3|4|5|6|7|I|8|@]|9|@]|A|$]]|$1|B|3|C|5|D|7|J|8|@]|9|@]|A|$E|F]]|$1|G|3|-4|5|6|7|K|8|@]|9|@]|A|$]]]|H|$]]

I am not aware of this feature, but you can use tags to just run one role from your playbook.

<pre><code>roles:
 - {role: 'mysql', tags: 'mysql'}
 - {role: 'apache', tags: 'apache'}

ansible-playbook webserver.yml --tags "apache"
</code></pre>

blocks|key|4404825|text|Ansible中没有这样的东西，但如果这是您经常使用的用例，请尝试此脚本。|type|unstyled|depth|inlineStyleRanges|entityRanges|data|4404826|将其放在名称ansible-role下的可搜索路径中的某个位置|offset|length|style|CODE|4404827|#!/bin/bash

if+[[+$#+<+2+]];+then
++cat+<<HELP
Wrapper+script+for+ansible-playbook+to+apply+single+role.

Usage:+$0+<host-pattern>+<role-name>+[ansible-playbook+options]

Examples:
++$0+dest_host+my_role
++$0+custom_host+my_role+-i+'custom_host,'+-vv+--check
HELP
++exit
fi

HOST_PATTERN=$1
shift
ROLE=$1
shift

echo+"Trying+to+apply+role+\"$ROLE\"+to+host/group+\"$HOST_PATTERN\"..."

export+ANSIBLE_ROLES_PATH="$(pwd)/roles"
export+ANSIBLE_RETRY_FILES_ENABLED="False"
ansible-playbook+"$@"+/dev/stdin+<<END
---
-+hosts:+$HOST_PATTERN
++roles:
++++-+$ROLE
END|code-block|syntax|javascript|4404828|entityMap^0|0|6|C|0|0^^$0|@$1|2|3|4|5|6|7|O|8|@]|9|@]|A|$]]|$1|B|3|C|5|6|7|P|8|@$D|Q|E|R|F|G]]|9|@]|A|$]]|$1|H|3|I|5|J|7|S|8|@]|9|@]|A|$K|L]]|$1|M|3|-4|5|6|7|T|8|@]|9|@]|A|$]]]|N|$]]

There is no such thing in Ansible, but if this is an often use case for you, try this script. 
Put it somewhere within your searchable PATH under name <code>ansible-role</code>:

<pre><code>#!/bin/bash

if [[ $# &lt; 2 ]]; then
 cat &lt;&lt;HELP
Wrapper script for ansible-playbook to apply single role.

Usage: $0 &lt;host-pattern&gt; &lt;role-name&gt; [ansible-playbook options]

Examples:
 $0 dest_host my_role
 $0 custom_host my_role -i 'custom_host,' -vv --check
HELP
 exit
fi

HOST_PATTERN=$1
shift
ROLE=$1
shift

echo "Trying to apply role \"$ROLE\" to host/group \"$HOST_PATTERN\"..."

export ANSIBLE_ROLES_PATH="$(pwd)/roles"
export ANSIBLE_RETRY_FILES_ENABLED="False"
ansible-playbook "$@" /dev/stdin &lt;&lt;END
---
- hosts: $HOST_PATTERN
 roles:
 - $ROLE
END
</code></pre>

blocks|key|4404940|text|您还可以检查ansible-toolbox存储库。它将允许您使用类似于|type|unstyled|depth|inlineStyleRanges|entityRanges|offset|length|data|4404941|ansible-role+--host+192.168.0.10+--gather+--user+centos+--become+my-role|code-block|syntax|javascript|4404942|entityMap|0|LINK|mutability|MUTABLE|url|https://github.com/larsks/ansible-toolbox^0|6|F|0|0|0^^$0|@$1|2|3|4|5|6|7|Q|8|@]|9|@$A|R|B|S|1|T]]|C|$]]|$1|D|3|E|5|F|7|U|8|@]|9|@]|C|$G|H]]|$1|I|3|-4|5|6|7|V|8|@]|9|@]|C|$]]]|J|$K|$5|L|M|N|C|$O|P]]]]

You could also check <a href="https://github.com/larsks/ansible-toolbox" rel="noreferrer">ansible-toolbox</a> repository. It will allow you to use something like

<pre class="lang-sh prettyprint-override"><code>ansible-role --host 192.168.0.10 --gather --user centos --become my-role
</code></pre>

blocks|key|4404862|text|我已经写了一个小的Ansible插件，叫做auto_tags，它为你剧本中的每个角色动态地生成一个同名的标签。你可以在here上找到它。|type|unstyled|depth|inlineStyleRanges|offset|length|style|CODE|entityRanges|data|4404863|安装它之后(说明在上面的要点中)，您可以使用以下命令执行特定的角色：|4404864|ansible-playbook+-i++"192.168.0.10"+--tags+"name_of_role"|4404865|entityMap|0|LINK|mutability|MUTABLE|url|https://gist.github.com/rkrzr/f5387167fa7b4869e2dca8b713879562^0|L|9|1N|4|0|0|0|0|1L|0^^$0|@$1|2|3|4|5|6|7|R|8|@$9|S|A|T|B|C]]|D|@$9|U|A|V|1|W]]|E|$]]|$1|F|3|G|5|6|7|X|8|@]|D|@]|E|$]]|$1|H|3|I|5|6|7|Y|8|@$9|Z|A|10|B|C]]|D|@]|E|$]]|$1|J|3|-4|5|6|7|11|8|@]|D|@]|E|$]]]|K|$L|$5|M|N|O|E|$P|Q]]]]

I have written a small Ansible plugin, called <code>auto_tags</code>, that dynamically generates for each role in your playbook a tag of the same name. You can find it <a href="https://gist.github.com/rkrzr/f5387167fa7b4869e2dca8b713879562" rel="noreferrer">here</a>.

After installing it (instructions are in the gist above) you could then execute a specific role with:

<code>ansible-playbook -i "192.168.0.10" --tags "name_of_role"</code>

blocks|key|4404895|text|使用ansible+2.7你可以做到这一点：|type|unstyled|depth|inlineStyleRanges|entityRanges|data|4404896|$+cd+/path/to/ansible/
$+ansible+localhost+-m+include_role+-a+name=<role_name>
localhost+%7C+SUCCESS+=>+{
++++"changed":+false,
++++"include_variables":+{
++++++++"name":+"<role_name>"
++++}
}
localhost+%7C+SUCCESS+=>+{
++++"msg":+"<role_name>"
}|code-block|syntax|javascript|4404897|这会将角色从/+path+/运行到/ansible/roles或已配置的角色路径。|4404898|点击此处阅读更多信息：https://github.com/ansible/ansible/pull/43131|offset|length|4404899|entityMap|0|LINK|mutability|MUTABLE|url|https://github.com/ansible/ansible/pull/43131^0|0|0|0|B|19|0|0^^$0|@$1|2|3|4|5|6|7|U|8|@]|9|@]|A|$]]|$1|B|3|C|5|D|7|V|8|@]|9|@]|A|$E|F]]|$1|G|3|H|5|6|7|W|8|@]|9|@]|A|$]]|$1|I|3|J|5|6|7|X|8|@]|9|@$K|Y|L|Z|1|10]]|A|$]]|$1|M|3|-4|5|6|7|11|8|@]|9|@]|A|$]]]|N|$O|$5|P|Q|R|A|$S|T]]]]

With ansible 2.7 you can do this:

<pre><code>$ cd /path/to/ansible/
$ ansible localhost -m include_role -a name=&lt;role_name&gt;
localhost | SUCCESS =&gt; {
 "changed": false,
 "include_variables": {
 "name": "&lt;role_name&gt;"
 }
}
localhost | SUCCESS =&gt; {
 "msg": "&lt;role_name&gt;"
}
</code></pre>

This will run role from /path/to/ansible/roles or configured role path.

Read more here:
<a href="https://github.com/ansible/ansible/pull/43131" rel="noreferrer">https://github.com/ansible/ansible/pull/43131</a>

blocks|key|4405038|text|因为在ansible+2.4中有两个选项可用：import_role和include_role。|type|unstyled|depth|inlineStyleRanges|offset|length|style|CODE|entityRanges|data|4405039|wohlgemuth@leela:~/workspace/rtmtb-ansible/kvm-cluster$+ansible+localhost+-m+import_role+-a+name=rtmtb
+[WARNING]:+No+inventory+was+parsed,+only+implicit+localhost+is+available

localhost+%7C+CHANGED+=>+{
++++"changed":+true,+
++++"checksum":+"d31b41e68997e1c7f182bb56286edf993146dba1",+
++++"dest":+"/root/.ssh/id_rsa.github",+
++++"gid":+0,+
++++"group":+"root",+
++++"md5sum":+"b7831c4c72f3f62207b2b96d3d7ed9b3",+
++++"mode":+"0600",+
++++"owner":+"root",+
++++"size":+3389,+
++++"src":+"/home/wohlgemuth/.ansible/tmp/ansible-tmp-1561491049.46-139127672211209/source",+
++++"state":+"file",+
++++"uid":+0
}
localhost+%7C+CHANGED+=>+{
++++"changed":+true,+
++++"checksum":+"1972ebcd25363f8e45adc91d38405dfc0386b5f0",+
++++"dest":+"/root/.ssh/config",+
++++"gid":+0,+
++++"group":+"root",+
++++"md5sum":+"f82552a9494e40403da4a80e4c528781",+
++++"mode":+"0644",+
++++"owner":+"root",+
++++"size":+147,+
++++"src":+"/home/wohlgemuth/.ansible/tmp/ansible-tmp-1561491049.99-214274671218454/source",+
++++"state":+"file",+
++++"uid":+0
}|code-block|syntax|javascript|4405040|ansible.builtin.import_role+–+Import+a+role+into+a+play|4405041|ansible.builtin.include_role+–+Load+and+execute+a+role|4405042|entityMap|0|LINK|mutability|MUTABLE|url|https://docs.ansible.com/ansible/latest/collections/ansible/builtin/import_role_module.html|1|https://docs.ansible.com/ansible/latest/collections/ansible/builtin/include_role_module.html#ansible-collections-ansible-builtin-include-role-module^0|N|B|Z|C|0|0|0|1J|0|0|0|1I|1|0^^$0|@$1|2|3|4|5|6|7|Y|8|@$9|Z|A|10|B|C]|$9|11|A|12|B|C]]|D|@]|E|$]]|$1|F|3|G|5|H|7|13|8|@]|D|@]|E|$I|J]]|$1|K|3|L|5|6|7|14|8|@]|D|@$9|15|A|16|1|17]]|E|$]]|$1|M|3|N|5|6|7|18|8|@]|D|@$9|19|A|1A|1|1B]]|E|$]]|$1|O|3|-4|5|6|7|1C|8|@]|D|@]|E|$]]]|P|$Q|$5|R|S|T|E|$U|V]]|W|$5|R|S|T|E|$U|X]]]]

Since in ansible 2.4 two options are available: <code>import_role</code> and <code>include_role</code>.
<pre><code>wohlgemuth@leela:~/workspace/rtmtb-ansible/kvm-cluster$ ansible localhost -m import_role -a name=rtmtb
 [WARNING]: No inventory was parsed, only implicit localhost is available

localhost | CHANGED =&gt; {
 &quot;changed&quot;: true, 
 &quot;checksum&quot;: &quot;d31b41e68997e1c7f182bb56286edf993146dba1&quot;, 
 &quot;dest&quot;: &quot;/root/.ssh/id_rsa.github&quot;, 
 &quot;gid&quot;: 0, 
 &quot;group&quot;: &quot;root&quot;, 
 &quot;md5sum&quot;: &quot;b7831c4c72f3f62207b2b96d3d7ed9b3&quot;, 
 &quot;mode&quot;: &quot;0600&quot;, 
 &quot;owner&quot;: &quot;root&quot;, 
 &quot;size&quot;: 3389, 
 &quot;src&quot;: &quot;/home/wohlgemuth/.ansible/tmp/ansible-tmp-1561491049.46-139127672211209/source&quot;, 
 &quot;state&quot;: &quot;file&quot;, 
 &quot;uid&quot;: 0
}
localhost | CHANGED =&gt; {
 &quot;changed&quot;: true, 
 &quot;checksum&quot;: &quot;1972ebcd25363f8e45adc91d38405dfc0386b5f0&quot;, 
 &quot;dest&quot;: &quot;/root/.ssh/config&quot;, 
 &quot;gid&quot;: 0, 
 &quot;group&quot;: &quot;root&quot;, 
 &quot;md5sum&quot;: &quot;f82552a9494e40403da4a80e4c528781&quot;, 
 &quot;mode&quot;: &quot;0644&quot;, 
 &quot;owner&quot;: &quot;root&quot;, 
 &quot;size&quot;: 147, 
 &quot;src&quot;: &quot;/home/wohlgemuth/.ansible/tmp/ansible-tmp-1561491049.99-214274671218454/source&quot;, 
 &quot;state&quot;: &quot;file&quot;, 
 &quot;uid&quot;: 0
}

</code></pre>
<a href="https://docs.ansible.com/ansible/latest/collections/ansible/builtin/import_role_module.html" rel="nofollow noreferrer">ansible.builtin.import_role – Import a role into a play</a>
<a href="https://docs.ansible.com/ansible/latest/collections/ansible/builtin/include_role_module.html#ansible-collections-ansible-builtin-include-role-module" rel="nofollow noreferrer">ansible.builtin.include_role – Load and execute a role</a>

blocks|key|4404976|text|是的，import_role是一个可分析的模块，因此可以通过ansible命令调用它。以下命令在my_server上执行角色pki|type|unstyled|depth|inlineStyleRanges|offset|length|style|CODE|entityRanges|data|4404977|ansible+my_server+-m+import_role+\
++++++++++++++++++-a+"name=pki+tasks_from=gencert"+\
++++++++++++++++++-e+cn=etcdctl+\
++++++++++++++++++-e+extended_key_usage=clientAuth|code-block|syntax|javascript|4404978|entityMap^0|3|B|U|7|1C|9|1Q|3|0|0^^$0|@$1|2|3|4|5|6|7|M|8|@$9|N|A|O|B|C]|$9|P|A|Q|B|C]|$9|R|A|S|B|C]|$9|T|A|U|B|C]]|D|@]|E|$]]|$1|F|3|G|5|H|7|V|8|@]|D|@]|E|$I|J]]|$1|K|3|-4|5|6|7|W|8|@]|D|@]|E|$]]]|L|$]]

Yes, <code>import_role</code> is an ansible module and as such it may be invoked through <code>ansible</code> command. The following executes role <code>pki</code> on <code>my_server</code>
<pre><code>ansible my_server -m import_role \
 -a &quot;name=pki tasks_from=gencert&quot; \
 -e cn=etcdctl \
 -e extended_key_usage=clientAuth
</code></pre>

Suppose I have a role called "apache"

Now I want to execute that role on host 192.168.0.10 from the command line from Ansible host

<pre><code>ansible-playbook -i "192.168.0.10" --role "path to role"
</code></pre>

Is there a way to do that?

Ansible: Can I execute role from command line?

假设我有一个名为"apache“的角色现在，我想从Ansible host的命令行在主机192.168.0.10上执行该角色ansible-playbook -i  "192.168.0.10" --role  "path to role"有没有办法做到这一点？

问Ansible:我可以从命令行执行角色吗？
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