blocks|key|2045923|text|有一个ipdb项目将iPython嵌入到标准的pdb中，所以你可以这样做：|type|unstyled|depth|inlineStyleRanges|offset|length|style|CODE|entityRanges|data|2045924|import+ipdb;+ipdb.set_trace()|code-block|syntax|javascript|2045925|它可以通过通常的pip+install+ipdb安装。|2045926|ipdb非常短，所以您也可以在easy_installing路径上的某个位置创建一个ipdb.py文件，并将以下内容粘贴到该文件中：|2045927|import+sys
from+IPython.Debugger+import+Pdb
from+IPython.Shell+import+IPShell
from+IPython+import+ipapi

shell+=+IPShell(argv=[''])

def+set_trace():
++++ip+=+ipapi.get()
++++def_colors+=+ip.options.colors
++++Pdb(def_colors).set_trace(sys._getframe().f_back)|2045928|entityMap^0|3|4|0|0|8|G|0|0|4|16|7|0|0^^$0|@$1|2|3|4|5|6|7|S|8|@$9|T|A|U|B|C]]|D|@]|E|$]]|$1|F|3|G|5|H|7|V|8|@]|D|@]|E|$I|J]]|$1|K|3|L|5|6|7|W|8|@$9|X|A|Y|B|C]]|D|@]|E|$]]|$1|M|3|N|5|6|7|Z|8|@$9|10|A|11|B|C]|$9|12|A|13|B|C]]|D|@]|E|$]]|$1|O|3|P|5|H|7|14|8|@]|D|@]|E|$I|J]]|$1|Q|3|-4|5|6|7|15|8|@]|D|@]|E|$]]]|R|$]]

There is an <code>ipdb</code> project which embeds iPython into the standard pdb, so you can just do:

<pre><code>import ipdb; ipdb.set_trace()
</code></pre>

It's installable via the usual <code>pip install ipdb</code>.

<code>ipdb</code> is pretty short, so instead of easy_installing you can also create a file <code>ipdb.py</code> somewhere on your Python path and paste the following into the file:

<pre><code>import sys
from IPython.Debugger import Pdb
from IPython.Shell import IPShell
from IPython import ipapi

shell = IPShell(argv=[''])

def set_trace():
 ip = ipapi.get()
 def_colors = ip.options.colors
 Pdb(def_colors).set_trace(sys._getframe().f_back)
</code></pre>

blocks|key|1832242|text|在IPython+0.11中，可以将IPython直接嵌入到代码中，如下所示|type|unstyled|depth|inlineStyleRanges|entityRanges|data|1832243|1832244|In+[5]:+cat+>+tmpf.py
a+=+1

from+IPython+import+embed
embed()+#+drop+into+an+IPython+session.
++++++++#+Any+variables+you+define+or+modify+here
++++++++#+will+not+affect+program+execution

c+=+2

%5ED|code-block|syntax|javascript|1832245|这就是运行它时发生的事情(我随意选择在现有的ipython会话中运行它。在我的经验中，像这样嵌套ipython会话会导致它崩溃)。|1832246|In+[6]:

In+[6]:+run+tmpf.py
Python+2.7.2+(default,+Aug+25+2011,+00:06:33)
Type+"copyright",+"credits"+or+"license"+for+more+information.

IPython+0.11+--+An+enhanced+Interactive+Python.
?+++++++++->+Introduction+and+overview+of+IPython's+features.
%25quickref+->+Quick+reference.
help++++++->+Python's+own+help+system.
object?+++->+Details+about+'object',+use+'object??'+for+extra+details.

In+[1]:+who
a+++++++embed

In+[2]:+a
Out[2]:+1

In+[3]:
Do+you+really+want+to+exit+([y]/n)?+y


In+[7]:+who
a+++++++c+++++++embed|1832247|entityMap^0|0|0|0|0|0^^$0|@$1|2|3|4|5|6|7|N|8|@]|9|@]|A|$]]|$1|B|3|-4|5|6|7|O|8|@]|9|@]|A|$]]|$1|C|3|D|5|E|7|P|8|@]|9|@]|A|$F|G]]|$1|H|3|I|5|6|7|Q|8|@]|9|@]|A|$]]|$1|J|3|K|5|E|7|R|8|@]|9|@]|A|$F|G]]|$1|L|3|-4|5|6|7|S|8|@]|9|@]|A|$]]]|M|$]]

In IPython 0.11, you can embed IPython directly in your code like this

Your program might look like this

<pre><code>In [5]: cat &gt; tmpf.py
a = 1

from IPython import embed
embed() # drop into an IPython session.
 # Any variables you define or modify here
 # will not affect program execution

c = 2

^D
</code></pre>

This is what happens when you run it (I arbitrarily chose to run it inside an existing ipython session. Nesting ipython sessions like this in my experience can cause it to crash).

<pre><code>In [6]:

In [6]: run tmpf.py
Python 2.7.2 (default, Aug 25 2011, 00:06:33)
Type "copyright", "credits" or "license" for more information.

IPython 0.11 -- An enhanced Interactive Python.
? -&gt; Introduction and overview of IPython's features.
%quickref -&gt; Quick reference.
help -&gt; Python's own help system.
object? -&gt; Details about 'object', use 'object??' for extra details.

In [1]: who
a embed

In [2]: a
Out[2]: 1

In [3]:
Do you really want to exit ([y]/n)? y


In [7]: who
a c embed
</code></pre>

blocks|key|1832640|text|如果您使用的是较新版本的IPython+(>+0.10.2)，则可以使用以下内容|type|unstyled|depth|inlineStyleRanges|entityRanges|data|1832641|from+IPython.core.debugger+import+Pdb
Pdb().set_trace()|code-block|syntax|javascript|1832642|但是使用ipdb可能会更好|1832643|entityMap^0|0|0|0^^$0|@$1|2|3|4|5|6|7|K|8|@]|9|@]|A|$]]|$1|B|3|C|5|D|7|L|8|@]|9|@]|A|$E|F]]|$1|G|3|H|5|6|7|M|8|@]|9|@]|A|$]]|$1|I|3|-4|5|6|7|N|8|@]|9|@]|A|$]]]|J|$]]

If you're using a more modern version of IPython (> 0.10.2) you can use something like

<pre><code>from IPython.core.debugger import Pdb
Pdb().set_trace()
</code></pre>

But it's probably better to just use ipdb

blocks|key|1831866|text|等同于|type|unstyled|depth|inlineStyleRanges|entityRanges|data|1831867|import+pdb;+pdb.set_trace()|code-block|syntax|javascript|1831868|与IPython的关系类似于：|1831869|from+IPython.ipapi+import+make_session;+make_session()
from+IPython.Debugger+import+Pdb;+Pdb().set_trace()|1831870|它有点冗长，但如果您没有安装ipdb，最好知道这一点。只需要一次make_session调用就可以设置配色方案等，并且set_trace调用可以放在需要中断的任何地方。|offset|length|style|CODE|1831871|entityMap^0|0|0|0|0|W|C|1N|9|0^^$0|@$1|2|3|4|5|6|7|S|8|@]|9|@]|A|$]]|$1|B|3|C|5|D|7|T|8|@]|9|@]|A|$E|F]]|$1|G|3|H|5|6|7|U|8|@]|9|@]|A|$]]|$1|I|3|J|5|D|7|V|8|@]|9|@]|A|$E|F]]|$1|K|3|L|5|6|7|W|8|@$M|X|N|Y|O|P]|$M|Z|N|10|O|P]]|9|@]|A|$]]|$1|Q|3|-4|5|6|7|11|8|@]|9|@]|A|$]]]|R|$]]

The equivalent of 

<pre><code>import pdb; pdb.set_trace()
</code></pre>

with IPython is something like:

<pre><code>from IPython.ipapi import make_session; make_session()
from IPython.Debugger import Pdb; Pdb().set_trace()
</code></pre>

It's a bit verbose, but good to know if you don't have ipdb installed. The <code>make_session</code> call is required once to set up the color scheme, etc, and <code>set_trace</code> calls can be placed anywhere you need to break.

blocks|key|1831489|text|通常，当我使用ipython时，我会在其中使用"pdb“命令打开自动调试。|type|unstyled|depth|inlineStyleRanges|entityRanges|data|1831490|然后，我在脚本所在的目录中使用"run+myscript.py“命令运行脚本。|1831491|如果我得到一个异常，ipython会在调试器中停止程序。查看用于魔术ipython命令的帮助命令(%25+magic+)|1831492|entityMap^0|0|0|0^^$0|@$1|2|3|4|5|6|7|H|8|@]|9|@]|A|$]]|$1|B|3|C|5|6|7|I|8|@]|9|@]|A|$]]|$1|D|3|E|5|6|7|J|8|@]|9|@]|A|$]]|$1|F|3|-4|5|6|7|K|8|@]|9|@]|A|$]]]|G|$]]

Normally, when I use ipython, I turn automatic debugging on with the "pdb" command inside it.

I then run my script with the "run myscript.py" command in the directory where my script is located.

If I get an exception, ipython stops the program inside the debugger. Check out the help command for the magic ipython commands (%magic)

blocks|key|2046735|text|我喜欢在我想要设置断点的脚本中简单地粘贴这一行代码：|type|unstyled|depth|inlineStyleRanges|entityRanges|data|2046736|__import__('IPython').Debugger.Pdb(color_scheme='Linux').set_trace()|code-block|syntax|javascript|2046737|2046738|__import__('IPython').core.debugger.Pdb(color_scheme='Linux').set_trace()|2046739|entityMap^0|0|0|0|0^^$0|@$1|2|3|4|5|6|7|L|8|@]|9|@]|A|$]]|$1|B|3|C|5|D|7|M|8|@]|9|@]|A|$E|F]]|$1|G|3|-4|5|6|7|N|8|@]|9|@]|A|$]]|$1|H|3|I|5|D|7|O|8|@]|9|@]|A|$E|F]]|$1|J|3|-4|5|6|7|P|8|@]|9|@]|A|$]]]|K|$]]

I like to simply paste this one-liner in my scripts where I want to set a breakpoint:

<pre><code>__import__('IPython').Debugger.Pdb(color_scheme='Linux').set_trace()
</code></pre>

Newer version might use:

<pre><code>__import__('IPython').core.debugger.Pdb(color_scheme='Linux').set_trace()
</code></pre>

blocks|key|2046832|text|看起来模块最近有点乱了阵脚。在IPython+0.13.1上，下面的代码适用于我|type|unstyled|depth|inlineStyleRanges|entityRanges|data|2046833|from+IPython.core.debugger+import+Tracer;+breakpoint+=+Tracer()

breakpoint()+#+<=+wherever+you+want+to+set+the+breakpoint|code-block|syntax|javascript|2046834|不过，这一切都是相当worthless+in+qtconsole的。|offset|length|2046835|entityMap|0|LINK|mutability|MUTABLE|url|https://github.com/ipython/ipython/issues/902^0|0|0|A|M|0|0^^$0|@$1|2|3|4|5|6|7|S|8|@]|9|@]|A|$]]|$1|B|3|C|5|D|7|T|8|@]|9|@]|A|$E|F]]|$1|G|3|H|5|6|7|U|8|@]|9|@$I|V|J|W|1|X]]|A|$]]|$1|K|3|-4|5|6|7|Y|8|@]|9|@]|A|$]]]|L|$M|$5|N|O|P|A|$Q|R]]]]

Looks like modules have been shuffled around a bit recently. On IPython 0.13.1 the following works for me

<pre><code>from IPython.core.debugger import Tracer; breakpoint = Tracer()

breakpoint() # &lt;= wherever you want to set the breakpoint
</code></pre>

Though alas, it's all pretty <a href="https://github.com/ipython/ipython/issues/902">worthless in qtconsole</a>.

blocks|key|2046861|text|较新版本的IPython提供了一种简单的机制，可以将IPython会话嵌入和嵌套到任何Python程序中。您可以使用the+following+recipe嵌入IPython会话：|type|unstyled|depth|inlineStyleRanges|entityRanges|offset|length|data|2046862|try:
++++get_ipython
except+NameError:
++++banner=exit_msg=''
else:
++++banner+=+'***+Nested+interpreter+***'
++++exit_msg+=+'***+Back+in+main+IPython+***'

#+First+import+the+embed+function
from+IPython.frontend.terminal.embed+import+InteractiveShellEmbed
#+Now+create+the+IPython+shell+instance.+Put+ipshell()+anywhere+in+your+code
#+where+you+want+it+to+open.
ipshell+=+InteractiveShellEmbed(banner1=banner,+exit_msg=exit_msg)|code-block|syntax|javascript|2046863|然后，只要您想放入IPython外壳，就可以使用ipshell()。这将允许您在代码中嵌入(甚至嵌套)+IPython解释器。|style|CODE|2046864|entityMap|0|LINK|mutability|MUTABLE|url|http://ipython.org/ipython-doc/dev/interactive/reference.html#embedding-ipython^0|1M|K|0|0|0|O|9|0^^$0|@$1|2|3|4|5|6|7|U|8|@]|9|@$A|V|B|W|1|X]]|C|$]]|$1|D|3|E|5|F|7|Y|8|@]|9|@]|C|$G|H]]|$1|I|3|J|5|6|7|Z|8|@$A|10|B|11|K|L]]|9|@]|C|$]]|$1|M|3|-4|5|6|7|12|8|@]|9|@]|C|$]]]|N|$O|$5|P|Q|R|C|$S|T]]]]

Newer versions of IPython provide an easy mechanism for embedding and nesting IPython sessions into any Python programs. You can follow <a href="http://ipython.org/ipython-doc/dev/interactive/reference.html#embedding-ipython" rel="noreferrer">the following recipe</a> to embed IPython sessions:

<pre><code>try:
 get_ipython
except NameError:
 banner=exit_msg=''
else:
 banner = '*** Nested interpreter ***'
 exit_msg = '*** Back in main IPython ***'

# First import the embed function
from IPython.frontend.terminal.embed import InteractiveShellEmbed
# Now create the IPython shell instance. Put ipshell() anywhere in your code
# where you want it to open.
ipshell = InteractiveShellEmbed(banner1=banner, exit_msg=exit_msg)
</code></pre>

Then use <code>ipshell()</code> whenever you want to drop into an IPython shell. This will allow you to embed (and even nest) IPython interpreters in your code.

blocks|key|2045764|text|从IPython+docs|type|unstyled|depth|inlineStyleRanges|entityRanges|offset|length|data|2045765|import+IPython.ipapi
namespace+=+dict(
++++kissa+=+15,
++++koira+=+16)
IPython.ipapi.launch_new_instance(namespace)|code-block|syntax|javascript|2045766|将以编程方式启动IPython外壳程序。显然，namespace字典中的值只是虚拟值--在实践中使用locals()可能更有意义。|style|CODE|2045767|请注意，您必须对此进行硬编码；它不会像pdb那样工作。如果这就是你想要的，DoxaLogos的答案可能更像你想要的。|2045768|entityMap|0|LINK|mutability|MUTABLE|url|http://ipython.scipy.org/doc/stable/html/interactive/extension_api.html#launching-ipython-instance-from-normal-python-code^0|1|C|0|0|0|N|9|1E|8|0|J|3|0^^$0|@$1|2|3|4|5|6|7|W|8|@]|9|@$A|X|B|Y|1|Z]]|C|$]]|$1|D|3|E|5|F|7|10|8|@]|9|@]|C|$G|H]]|$1|I|3|J|5|6|7|11|8|@$A|12|B|13|K|L]|$A|14|B|15|K|L]]|9|@]|C|$]]|$1|M|3|N|5|6|7|16|8|@$A|17|B|18|K|L]]|9|@]|C|$]]|$1|O|3|-4|5|6|7|19|8|@]|9|@]|C|$]]]|P|$Q|$5|R|S|T|C|$U|V]]]]

From the <a href="http://ipython.scipy.org/doc/stable/html/interactive/extension_api.html#launching-ipython-instance-from-normal-python-code" rel="nofollow noreferrer">IPython docs</a>:

<pre><code>import IPython.ipapi
namespace = dict(
 kissa = 15,
 koira = 16)
IPython.ipapi.launch_new_instance(namespace)
</code></pre>

will launch an IPython shell programmatically. Obviously the values in the <code>namespace</code> dict are just dummy values - it might make more sense to use <code>locals()</code> in practice.

Note that you have to hard-code this in; it's not going to work the way <code>pdb</code> does. If that's what you want, DoxaLogos' answer is probably more like what you're looking for.

blocks|key|2046041|text|快速而简单的方法：|type|unstyled|depth|inlineStyleRanges|entityRanges|data|2046042|from+IPython.Debugger+import+Tracer
debug+=+Tracer()|code-block|syntax|javascript|2046043|那就写吧|2046044|debug()|2046045|在您想要开始调试程序的任何位置。|2046046|entityMap^0|0|0|0|0|0^^$0|@$1|2|3|4|5|6|7|O|8|@]|9|@]|A|$]]|$1|B|3|C|5|D|7|P|8|@]|9|@]|A|$E|F]]|$1|G|3|H|5|6|7|Q|8|@]|9|@]|A|$]]|$1|I|3|J|5|D|7|R|8|@]|9|@]|A|$E|F]]|$1|K|3|L|5|6|7|S|8|@]|9|@]|A|$]]|$1|M|3|-4|5|6|7|T|8|@]|9|@]|A|$]]]|N|$]]

The fast-and-easy way:

<pre><code>from IPython.Debugger import Tracer
debug = Tracer()
</code></pre>

Then just write

<pre><code>debug()
</code></pre>

wherever you want to start debugging your program.

blocks|key|2046935|text|我不得不在谷歌上搜索了几次这几天，所以添加一个答案…有时，能够正常运行脚本并且在出现错误时只需放入ipython/ipdb中，而不必将ipdb.set_trace()断点放入代码中，这是很好的|type|unstyled|depth|inlineStyleRanges|offset|length|style|CODE|entityRanges|data|2046936|ipython+--pdb+-c+"%25run+path/to/my/script.py+--with-args+here"|code-block|syntax|javascript|2046937|(当然是第一个pip+install+ipython和pip+install+ipdb+)|2046938|entityMap^0|1V|G|0|0|7|J|R|G|0^^$0|@$1|2|3|4|5|6|7|O|8|@$9|P|A|Q|B|C]]|D|@]|E|$]]|$1|F|3|G|5|H|7|R|8|@]|D|@]|E|$I|J]]|$1|K|3|L|5|6|7|S|8|@$9|T|A|U|B|C]|$9|V|A|W|B|C]]|D|@]|E|$]]|$1|M|3|-4|5|6|7|X|8|@]|D|@]|E|$]]]|N|$]]

I had to google this a couple if times the last few days so adding an answer... sometimes it's nice to be able run a script normally and only drop into ipython/ipdb on errors, without having to put <code>ipdb.set_trace()</code> breakpoints into the code

<pre><code>ipython --pdb -c "%run path/to/my/script.py --with-args here"
</code></pre>

(first <code>pip install ipython</code> and <code>pip install ipdb</code> of course)

blocks|key|2046984|text|这很简单：|type|unstyled|depth|inlineStyleRanges|entityRanges|data|2046985|ipython+some_script.py+--pdb|offset|length|style|CODE|2046986|它需要安装iPython，通常是这样的：pip+install+ipython|2046987|我使用的是ipython3而不是ipython，所以我知道它是Python的最新版本。|2046988|这很容易记住，因为您只需使用iPython而不是python，并在末尾添加--pdb。|2046989|entityMap^0|0|0|S|0|K|J|0|0|0^^$0|@$1|2|3|4|5|6|7|P|8|@]|9|@]|A|$]]|$1|B|3|C|5|6|7|Q|8|@$D|R|E|S|F|G]]|9|@]|A|$]]|$1|H|3|I|5|6|7|T|8|@$D|U|E|V|F|G]]|9|@]|A|$]]|$1|J|3|K|5|6|7|W|8|@]|9|@]|A|$]]|$1|L|3|M|5|6|7|X|8|@]|9|@]|A|$]]|$1|N|3|-4|5|6|7|Y|8|@]|9|@]|A|$]]]|O|$]]

This is pretty simple:

<code>ipython some_script.py --pdb</code>

It needs iPython installing, usually this works:
<code>pip install ipython</code>

I use ipython3 instead of ipython, so I know it's a recent version of Python.

This is simple to remember because you just use iPython instead of python, and add --pdb to the end.

blocks|key|2047026|text|要使用终端颜色获取IPython的REPL，我必须这样做：|type|unstyled|depth|inlineStyleRanges|entityRanges|data|2047027|from+IPython+import+start_ipython

start_ipython()|code-block|syntax|javascript|2047028|https://ipython.readthedocs.io/en/stable/api/generated/IPython.html#IPython.start_ipython|offset|length|2047029|entityMap|0|LINK|mutability|MUTABLE|url^0|0|0|0|2H|0|0^^$0|@$1|2|3|4|5|6|7|R|8|@]|9|@]|A|$]]|$1|B|3|C|5|D|7|S|8|@]|9|@]|A|$E|F]]|$1|G|3|H|5|6|7|T|8|@]|9|@$I|U|J|V|1|W]]|A|$]]|$1|K|3|-4|5|6|7|X|8|@]|9|@]|A|$]]]|L|$M|$5|N|O|P|A|$Q|H]]]]

To get IPython's REPL using terminal colors, I had to do this:

<pre><code>from IPython import start_ipython

start_ipython()
</code></pre>

<a href="https://ipython.readthedocs.io/en/stable/api/generated/IPython.html#IPython.start_ipython" rel="nofollow noreferrer">https://ipython.readthedocs.io/en/stable/api/generated/IPython.html#IPython.start_ipython</a>

For my debugging needs, <code>pdb</code> is pretty good. However, it would be much cooler (and helpful) if I could go into <code>ipython</code>. Is this thing possible?

Is it possible to go into ipython from code?

调试器

解释器

Python

Linux

对于我的调试需求，pdb是相当不错的。然而，如果我能进入ipython，那将会更酷(也更有帮助)。这是可能的吗？

问可以从代码进入ipython吗？
EN

回答 13

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问可以从代码进入ipython吗？EN

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问可以从代码进入ipython吗？
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