blocks|key|439174|text|首先，pip+freeze显示所有当前安装的包，不一定使用PIP。|type|unstyled|depth|inlineStyleRanges|offset|length|style|CODE|entityRanges|data|439175|其次，Python包确实包含有关依赖包以及required+versions的信息。您可以使用方法described+here查看特定pkg的依赖关系。当您升级一个包时，像PIP这样的安装程序脚本将为您处理依赖项的升级。|439176|为了解决包的更新问题，我推荐使用PIP+requirements+files。您可以定义所需的包和版本，并使用pip+install立即安装它们。|439177|entityMap|0|LINK|mutability|MUTABLE|url|http://docs.python.org/distutils/setupscript.html#relationships-between-distributions-and-package|1|https://stackoverflow.com/questions/2875232/list-python-package-dependencies-without-loading-them|2|http://www.pip-installer.org/en/latest/requirements.html^0|3|A|0|L|H|0|1D|E|1|0|G|M|2|0^^$0|@$1|2|3|4|5|6|7|V|8|@$9|W|A|X|B|C]]|D|@]|E|$]]|$1|F|3|G|5|6|7|Y|8|@]|D|@$9|Z|A|10|1|11]|$9|12|A|13|1|14]]|E|$]]|$1|H|3|I|5|6|7|15|8|@]|D|@$9|16|A|17|1|18]]|E|$]]|$1|J|3|-4|5|6|7|19|8|@]|D|@]|E|$]]]|K|$L|$5|M|N|O|E|$P|Q]]|R|$5|M|N|O|E|$P|S]]|T|$5|M|N|O|E|$P|U]]]]

First of all <code>pip freeze</code> displays all currently installed packages Python, not necessarily using PIP.

Secondly Python packages do contain the information about dependent packages as well as <a href="http://docs.python.org/distutils/setupscript.html#relationships-between-distributions-and-package" rel="nofollow noreferrer">required versions</a>. You can see the dependencies of particular pkg using the methods <a href="https://stackoverflow.com/questions/2875232/list-python-package-dependencies-without-loading-them">described here</a>. When you're upgrading a package the installer script like PIP will handle the upgrade of dependencies for you.

To solve updating of packages i recommend using <a href="http://www.pip-installer.org/en/latest/requirements.html" rel="nofollow noreferrer">PIP requirements files</a>. You can define what packages and versions you need, and install them at once using pip install.

blocks|key|653587|text|pip+show命令将显示指定的软件包需要哪些软件包(请注意，指定的软件包必须已经安装)：|type|unstyled|depth|inlineStyleRanges|offset|length|style|CODE|entityRanges|data|653588|$+pip+show+specloud

Package:+specloud
Version:+0.4.4
Requires:
nose
figleaf
pinocchio|code-block|syntax|javascript|653589|pip+show是在pip版本1.4rc5中引入的。|653590|entityMap^0|0|8|0|0|0|8|0^^$0|@$1|2|3|4|5|6|7|O|8|@$9|P|A|Q|B|C]]|D|@]|E|$]]|$1|F|3|G|5|H|7|R|8|@]|D|@]|E|$I|J]]|$1|K|3|L|5|6|7|S|8|@$9|T|A|U|B|C]]|D|@]|E|$]]|$1|M|3|-4|5|6|7|V|8|@]|D|@]|E|$]]]|N|$]]

The <code>pip show</code> command will show what packages are required for the specified package (note that the specified package must already be installed):

<pre><code>$ pip show specloud

Package: specloud
Version: 0.4.4
Requires:
nose
figleaf
pinocchio
</code></pre>

<code>pip show</code> was introduced in pip version 1.4rc5

blocks|key|439246|text|您也可以使用一行命令将包通过管道传输到pip+show。|type|unstyled|depth|inlineStyleRanges|entityRanges|data|439247|cut+-d'='+-f1+requirements.txt+%7C+xargs+pip+show|code-block|syntax|javascript|439248|entityMap^0|0|0^^$0|@$1|2|3|4|5|6|7|I|8|@]|9|@]|A|$]]|$1|B|3|C|5|D|7|J|8|@]|9|@]|A|$E|F]]|$1|G|3|-4|5|6|7|K|8|@]|9|@]|A|$]]]|H|$]]

You may also use a one line command which pipes the packages in requirements to pip show.

<pre><code>cut -d'=' -f1 requirements.txt | xargs pip show
</code></pre>

blocks|key|439295|text|我写了一个快速脚本来解决这个问题。以下脚本将显示任何给定软件包的父(从属)软件包。这样，您就可以确保升级或安装任何特定的软件包都是安全的。它的用法如下：dependants.py+PACKAGENAME|type|unstyled|depth|inlineStyleRanges|offset|length|style|CODE|entityRanges|data|439296|#!/usr/bin/env+python3
#+-*-+coding:+utf-8+-*-

"""Find+dependants+of+a+Python+package"""

import+logging
import+pip
import+pkg_resources
import+sys

__program__+=+'dependants.py'


def+get_dependants(target_name):
++++for+package+in+pip._internal.utils.misc.get_installed_distributions():
++++++++for+requirement_package+in+package.requires():
++++++++++++requirement_name+=+requirement_package.project_name
++++++++++++if+requirement_name+==+target_name:
++++++++++++++++yield+package.project_name


#+configure+logging
logging.basicConfig(format='%25(levelname)s:+%25(message)s',
++++++++++++++++++++level=logging.INFO)

try:
++++target_name+=+sys.argv[1]
except+IndexError:
++++logging.error('missing+package+name')
++++sys.exit(1)

try:
++++pkg_resources.get_distribution(target_name)
except+pkg_resources.DistributionNotFound:
++++logging.error("'%25s'+is+not+a+valid+package",+target_name)
++++sys.exit(1)

print(list(get_dependants(target_name)))|code-block|syntax|javascript|439297|entityMap^0|24|P|0|0^^$0|@$1|2|3|4|5|6|7|M|8|@$9|N|A|O|B|C]]|D|@]|E|$]]|$1|F|3|G|5|H|7|P|8|@]|D|@]|E|$I|J]]|$1|K|3|-4|5|6|7|Q|8|@]|D|@]|E|$]]]|L|$]]

I wrote a quick script to solve this problem. The following script will display the parent (dependant) package(s) for any given package. This way you can be sure it is safe to upgrade or install any particular package. It can be used as follows: <code>dependants.py PACKAGENAME</code>

<pre><code>#!/usr/bin/env python3
# -*- coding: utf-8 -*-

"""Find dependants of a Python package"""

import logging
import pip
import pkg_resources
import sys

__program__ = 'dependants.py'


def get_dependants(target_name):
 for package in pip._internal.utils.misc.get_installed_distributions():
 for requirement_package in package.requires():
 requirement_name = requirement_package.project_name
 if requirement_name == target_name:
 yield package.project_name


# configure logging
logging.basicConfig(format='%(levelname)s: %(message)s',
 level=logging.INFO)

try:
 target_name = sys.argv[1]
except IndexError:
 logging.error('missing package name')
 sys.exit(1)

try:
 pkg_resources.get_distribution(target_name)
except pkg_resources.DistributionNotFound:
 logging.error("'%s' is not a valid package", target_name)
 sys.exit(1)

print(list(get_dependants(target_name)))
</code></pre>

blocks|key|653755|text|以下命令将显示所有已安装软件包的要求：|type|unstyled|depth|inlineStyleRanges|entityRanges|data|653756|pip3+freeze+%7C+awk+'{print+$1}'+%7C+cut+-d+'='+-f1+%7C+xargs+pip3+show|code-block|syntax|javascript|653757|entityMap^0|0|0^^$0|@$1|2|3|4|5|6|7|I|8|@]|9|@]|A|$]]|$1|B|3|C|5|D|7|J|8|@]|9|@]|A|$E|F]]|$1|G|3|-4|5|6|7|K|8|@]|9|@]|A|$]]]|H|$]]

The following command will show requirements of all installed packages:
<pre class="lang-sh prettyprint-override"><code>pip3 freeze | awk '{print $1}' | cut -d '=' -f1 | xargs pip3 show
</code></pre>

When I do a pip freeze I see large number of Python packages that I didn't explicitly install, e.g.

<pre><code>$ pip freeze
Cheetah==2.4.3
GnuPGInterface==0.3.2
Landscape-Client==11.01
M2Crypto==0.20.1
PAM==0.4.2
PIL==1.1.7
PyYAML==3.09
Twisted-Core==10.2.0
Twisted-Web==10.2.0
(etc.)
</code></pre>

Is there a way for me to determine why pip installed these particular dependent packages? In other words, how do I determine the parent package that had these packages as dependencies? 

For example, I might want to use Twisted and I don't want to depend on a package until I know more about not accidentally uninstalling it or upgrading it.

Identifying the dependency relationship for python packages installed with pip

Python

当我执行pip冻结时，我看到大量我没有显式安装的Python包，例如$ pip freezeCheetah==2.4.3GnuPGInterface==0.3.2Landscape-Client==11.01M2Crypto==0.20.1PAM==0.4.2PIL==1.1.7PyYAML==3.09Twisted-...

问标识随pip安装的python包的依赖关系
EN

社区

活动

资源

关于

腾讯云开发者

热门产品

热门推荐

更多推荐

问标识随pip安装的python包的依赖关系EN

社区

活动

资源

关于

腾讯云开发者

热门产品

热门推荐

更多推荐

问标识随pip安装的python包的依赖关系
EN