blocks|key|1157778|text|我会推荐你去paramiko|type|unstyled|depth|inlineStyleRanges|entityRanges|offset|length|data|1157779|请参阅this+question|1157780|ssh+=+paramiko.SSHClient()
ssh.connect(server,+username=username,+password=password)
ssh_stdin,+ssh_stdout,+ssh_stderr+=+ssh.exec_command(cmd_to_execute)|code-block|syntax|javascript|1157781|如果您使用的是ssh密钥，请执行以下操作：|1157782|k+=+paramiko.RSAKey.from_private_key_file(keyfilename)
#+OR+k+=+paramiko.DSSKey.from_private_key_file(keyfilename)

ssh.set_missing_host_key_policy(paramiko.AutoAddPolicy())
ssh.connect(hostname=host,+username=user,+pkey=k)|1157783|entityMap|0|LINK|mutability|MUTABLE|url|http://www.paramiko.org/|1|https://stackoverflow.com/questions/373639/running-interactive-commands-in-paramiko^0|6|8|0|0|3|D|1|0|0|0|0^^$0|@$1|2|3|4|5|6|7|Y|8|@]|9|@$A|Z|B|10|1|11]]|C|$]]|$1|D|3|E|5|6|7|12|8|@]|9|@$A|13|B|14|1|15]]|C|$]]|$1|F|3|G|5|H|7|16|8|@]|9|@]|C|$I|J]]|$1|K|3|L|5|6|7|17|8|@]|9|@]|C|$]]|$1|M|3|N|5|H|7|18|8|@]|9|@]|C|$I|J]]|$1|O|3|-4|5|6|7|19|8|@]|9|@]|C|$]]]|P|$Q|$5|R|S|T|C|$U|V]]|W|$5|R|S|T|C|$U|X]]]]

I will refer you to <a href="http://www.paramiko.org/" rel="noreferrer">paramiko</a>
see <a href="https://stackoverflow.com/questions/373639/running-interactive-commands-in-paramiko">this question</a>
<pre><code>ssh = paramiko.SSHClient()
ssh.connect(server, username=username, password=password)
ssh_stdin, ssh_stdout, ssh_stderr = ssh.exec_command(cmd_to_execute)
</code></pre>
If you are using ssh keys, do:
<pre class="lang-py prettyprint-override"><code>k = paramiko.RSAKey.from_private_key_file(keyfilename)
# OR k = paramiko.DSSKey.from_private_key_file(keyfilename)

ssh.set_missing_host_key_policy(paramiko.AutoAddPolicy())
ssh.connect(hostname=host, username=user, pkey=k)
</code></pre>

blocks|key|943714|text|或者，您可以只使用commands.getstatusoutput|type|unstyled|depth|inlineStyleRanges|entityRanges|offset|length|data|943715|+++commands.getstatusoutput("ssh+machine+1+'your+script'")|code-block|syntax|javascript|943716|我广泛地使用了它，它工作得很好。|943717|在Python+2.6%2B中，使用subprocess.check_output。|style|CODE|943718|entityMap|0|LINK|mutability|MUTABLE|url|https://docs.python.org/2/library/commands.html#commands.getstatusoutput|1|https://docs.python.org/3/library/subprocess.html#subprocess.check_output^0|9|O|0|0|0|0|G|N|G|N|1|0^^$0|@$1|2|3|4|5|6|7|Y|8|@]|9|@$A|Z|B|10|1|11]]|C|$]]|$1|D|3|E|5|F|7|12|8|@]|9|@]|C|$G|H]]|$1|I|3|J|5|6|7|13|8|@]|9|@]|C|$]]|$1|K|3|L|5|6|7|14|8|@$A|15|B|16|M|N]]|9|@$A|17|B|18|1|19]]|C|$]]|$1|O|3|-4|5|6|7|1A|8|@]|9|@]|C|$]]]|P|$Q|$5|R|S|T|C|$U|V]]|W|$5|R|S|T|C|$U|X]]]]

Or you can just use <a href="https://docs.python.org/2/library/commands.html#commands.getstatusoutput" rel="noreferrer">commands.getstatusoutput</a>:

<pre class="lang-py prettyprint-override"><code> commands.getstatusoutput("ssh machine 1 'your script'")
</code></pre>

I used it extensively and it works great.

In Python 2.6+, use <a href="https://docs.python.org/3/library/subprocess.html#subprocess.check_output" rel="noreferrer"><code>subprocess.check_output</code></a>.

blocks|key|943954|text|保持简单。不需要任何库。|type|unstyled|depth|inlineStyleRanges|entityRanges|data|943955|import+subprocess

subprocess.Popen("ssh+{user}@{host}+{cmd}".format(user=user,+host=host,+cmd='ls+-l'),+shell=True,+stdout=subprocess.PIPE,+stderr=subprocess.PIPE).communicate()|code-block|syntax|javascript|943956|entityMap^0|0|0^^$0|@$1|2|3|4|5|6|7|I|8|@]|9|@]|A|$]]|$1|B|3|C|5|D|7|J|8|@]|9|@]|A|$E|F]]|$1|G|3|-4|5|6|7|K|8|@]|9|@]|A|$]]]|H|$]]

Keep it simple. No libraries required.

<pre><code>import subprocess

subprocess.Popen("ssh {user}@{host} {cmd}".format(user=user, host=host, cmd='ls -l'), shell=True, stdout=subprocess.PIPE, stderr=subprocess.PIPE).communicate()
</code></pre>

blocks|key|1157956|text|我发现paramiko有点太低级了，而且Fabric也不太适合作为库使用，所以我把自己的库spur放在一起，它使用paramiko实现了一个稍微好一点的接口：|type|unstyled|depth|inlineStyleRanges|entityRanges|offset|length|data|1157957|import+spur

shell+=+spur.SshShell(hostname="localhost",+username="bob",+password="password1")
result+=+shell.run(["echo",+"-n",+"hello"])
print+result.output+#+prints+hello|code-block|syntax|javascript|1157958|如果您需要在shell中运行：|1157959|shell.run(["sh",+"-c",+"echo+-n+hello"])|1157960|entityMap|0|LINK|mutability|MUTABLE|url|http://pypi.python.org/pypi/spur^0|19|4|0|0|0|0|0^^$0|@$1|2|3|4|5|6|7|U|8|@]|9|@$A|V|B|W|1|X]]|C|$]]|$1|D|3|E|5|F|7|Y|8|@]|9|@]|C|$G|H]]|$1|I|3|J|5|6|7|Z|8|@]|9|@]|C|$]]|$1|K|3|L|5|F|7|10|8|@]|9|@]|C|$G|H]]|$1|M|3|-4|5|6|7|11|8|@]|9|@]|C|$]]]|N|$O|$5|P|Q|R|C|$S|T]]]]

I found paramiko to be a bit too low-level, and Fabric not especially well-suited to being used as a library, so I put together my own library called <a href="http://pypi.python.org/pypi/spur" rel="noreferrer">spur</a> that uses paramiko to implement a slightly nicer interface:

<pre><code>import spur

shell = spur.SshShell(hostname="localhost", username="bob", password="password1")
result = shell.run(["echo", "-n", "hello"])
print result.output # prints hello
</code></pre>

If you need to run inside a shell:

<pre><code>shell.run(["sh", "-c", "echo -n hello"])
</code></pre>

blocks|key|1157901|text|我用过paramiko+a+bunch+(很好)和pxssh+(也很好)。我会推荐两种方法。它们的工作方式略有不同，但在使用上有相对较大的重叠。|type|unstyled|depth|inlineStyleRanges|entityRanges|offset|length|data|1157902|entityMap|0|LINK|mutability|MUTABLE|url|http://www.lag.net/paramiko/|1|http://pexpect.sourceforge.net/pxssh.html^0|3|8|0|P|5|1|0^^$0|@$1|2|3|4|5|6|7|N|8|@]|9|@$A|O|B|P|1|Q]|$A|R|B|S|1|T]]|C|$]]|$1|D|3|-4|5|6|7|U|8|@]|9|@]|C|$]]]|E|$F|$5|G|H|I|C|$J|K]]|L|$5|G|H|I|C|$J|M]]]]

I have used <a href="http://www.lag.net/paramiko/" rel="nofollow noreferrer">paramiko</a> a bunch (nice) and <a href="http://pexpect.sourceforge.net/pxssh.html" rel="nofollow noreferrer">pxssh</a> (also nice). I would recommend either. They work a little differently but have a relatively large overlap in usage.

blocks|key|1157985|text|完美的工作。|type|unstyled|depth|inlineStyleRanges|entityRanges|data|1157986|import+paramiko
import+time

ssh+=+paramiko.SSHClient()
#ssh.load_system_host_keys()
ssh.set_missing_host_key_policy(paramiko.AutoAddPolicy())
ssh.connect('10.106.104.24',+port=22,+username='admin',+password='')

time.sleep(5)
print('connected')
stdin,+stdout,+stderr+=+ssh.exec_command("+")

def+execute():
+++++++stdin.write('xcommand+SystemUnit+Boot+Action:+Restart\n')
+++++++print('success')

execute()|code-block|syntax|javascript|1157987|entityMap^0|0|0^^$0|@$1|2|3|4|5|6|7|I|8|@]|9|@]|A|$]]|$1|B|3|C|5|D|7|J|8|@]|9|@]|A|$E|F]]|$1|G|3|-4|5|6|7|K|8|@]|9|@]|A|$]]]|H|$]]

<h1>Works Perfectly...</h1>
<pre><code>import paramiko
import time

ssh = paramiko.SSHClient()
#ssh.load_system_host_keys()
ssh.set_missing_host_key_policy(paramiko.AutoAddPolicy())
ssh.connect('10.106.104.24', port=22, username='admin', password='')

time.sleep(5)
print('connected')
stdin, stdout, stderr = ssh.exec_command(&quot; &quot;)

def execute():
 stdin.write('xcommand SystemUnit Boot Action: Restart\n')
 print('success')

execute()
</code></pre>

blocks|key|1158087|text|你可以使用这些命令中的任何一个，这也会帮助你给出一个密码。|type|unstyled|depth|inlineStyleRanges|entityRanges|data|1158088|cmd+=+subprocess.run(["sshpass+-p+'password'+ssh+-o+StrictHostKeyChecking=no+-o+UserKnownHostsFile=/dev/null+root@domain.com+ps+%7C+grep+minicom"],+shell=True,+stdout=subprocess.PIPE,+stderr=subprocess.STDOUT)
print(cmd.stdout)
OR
cmd+=+subprocess.getoutput("sshpass+-p+'password'+ssh+-o+StrictHostKeyChecking=no+-o+UserKnownHostsFile=/dev/null+root@domain.com+ps+%7C+grep+minicom")
print(cmd)|code-block|syntax|javascript|1158089|entityMap^0|0|0^^$0|@$1|2|3|4|5|6|7|I|8|@]|9|@]|A|$]]|$1|B|3|C|5|D|7|J|8|@]|9|@]|A|$E|F]]|$1|G|3|-4|5|6|7|K|8|@]|9|@]|A|$]]]|H|$]]

You can use any of these commands, this will help you to give a password also.
<pre><code>cmd = subprocess.run([&quot;sshpass -p 'password' ssh -o StrictHostKeyChecking=no -o UserKnownHostsFile=/dev/null root@domain.com ps | grep minicom&quot;], shell=True, stdout=subprocess.PIPE, stderr=subprocess.STDOUT)
print(cmd.stdout)
OR
cmd = subprocess.getoutput(&quot;sshpass -p 'password' ssh -o StrictHostKeyChecking=no -o UserKnownHostsFile=/dev/null root@domain.com ps | grep minicom&quot;)
print(cmd)
</code></pre>

blocks|key|943918|text|#Reading+the+Host,username,password,port+from+excel+file
import+paramiko+
import+xlrd

ssh+=+paramiko.SSHClient()
ssh.set_missing_host_key_policy(paramiko.AutoAddPolicy())

loc+=+('/Users/harshgow/Documents/PYTHON_WORK/labcred.xlsx')
wo+=+xlrd.open_workbook(loc)
sheet+=+wo.sheet_by_index(0)
Host+=+sheet.cell_value(0,1)
Port+=+int(sheet.cell_value(3,1))
User+=+sheet.cell_value(1,1)
Pass+=+sheet.cell_value(2,1)

def+details(Host,Port,User,Pass):
++++ssh.connect(Host,+Port,+User,+Pass)
++++print('connected+to+ip+',Host)
++++stdin,+stdout,+stderr+=+ssh.exec_command("")
++++stdin.write('xcommand+SystemUnit+Boot+Action:+Restart\n')
++++print('success')

details(Host,Port,User,Pass)|type|code-block|depth|inlineStyleRanges|entityRanges|data|syntax|javascript|943919|unstyled|entityMap^0|0^^$0|@$1|2|3|4|5|6|7|G|8|@]|9|@]|A|$B|C]]|$1|D|3|-4|5|E|7|H|8|@]|9|@]|A|$]]]|F|$]]

<pre><code>#Reading the Host,username,password,port from excel file
import paramiko 
import xlrd

ssh = paramiko.SSHClient()
ssh.set_missing_host_key_policy(paramiko.AutoAddPolicy())

loc = ('/Users/harshgow/Documents/PYTHON_WORK/labcred.xlsx')
wo = xlrd.open_workbook(loc)
sheet = wo.sheet_by_index(0)
Host = sheet.cell_value(0,1)
Port = int(sheet.cell_value(3,1))
User = sheet.cell_value(1,1)
Pass = sheet.cell_value(2,1)

def details(Host,Port,User,Pass):
 ssh.connect(Host, Port, User, Pass)
 print('connected to ip ',Host)
 stdin, stdout, stderr = ssh.exec_command("")
 stdin.write('xcommand SystemUnit Boot Action: Restart\n')
 print('success')

details(Host,Port,User,Pass)
</code></pre>

blocks|key|943943|text|要求用户根据他们登录的设备输入命令。|type|unstyled|depth|inlineStyleRanges|entityRanges|data|943944|下面的代码由PEP8online.com验证。|943945|import+paramiko
import+xlrd
import+time

ssh+=+paramiko.SSHClient()
ssh.set_missing_host_key_policy(paramiko.AutoAddPolicy())
loc+=+('/Users/harshgow/Documents/PYTHON_WORK/labcred.xlsx')
wo+=+xlrd.open_workbook(loc)
sheet+=+wo.sheet_by_index(0)
Host+=+sheet.cell_value(0,+1)
Port+=+int(sheet.cell_value(3,+1))
User+=+sheet.cell_value(1,+1)
Pass+=+sheet.cell_value(2,+1)

def+details(Host,+Port,+User,+Pass):
++++time.sleep(2)
++++ssh.connect(Host,+Port,+User,+Pass)
++++print('connected+to+ip+',+Host)
++++stdin,+stdout,+stderr+=+ssh.exec_command("")
++++x+=+input('Enter+the+command:')
++++stdin.write(x)
++++stdin.write('\n')
++++print('success')

details(Host,+Port,+User,+Pass)|code-block|syntax|javascript|943946|entityMap^0|0|0|0^^$0|@$1|2|3|4|5|6|7|K|8|@]|9|@]|A|$]]|$1|B|3|C|5|6|7|L|8|@]|9|@]|A|$]]|$1|D|3|E|5|F|7|M|8|@]|9|@]|A|$G|H]]|$1|I|3|-4|5|6|7|N|8|@]|9|@]|A|$]]]|J|$]]

Asking User to enter the command as per the device they are logging in. 
The below code is validated by PEP8online.com.

<pre><code>import paramiko
import xlrd
import time

ssh = paramiko.SSHClient()
ssh.set_missing_host_key_policy(paramiko.AutoAddPolicy())
loc = ('/Users/harshgow/Documents/PYTHON_WORK/labcred.xlsx')
wo = xlrd.open_workbook(loc)
sheet = wo.sheet_by_index(0)
Host = sheet.cell_value(0, 1)
Port = int(sheet.cell_value(3, 1))
User = sheet.cell_value(1, 1)
Pass = sheet.cell_value(2, 1)

def details(Host, Port, User, Pass):
 time.sleep(2)
 ssh.connect(Host, Port, User, Pass)
 print('connected to ip ', Host)
 stdin, stdout, stderr = ssh.exec_command("")
 x = input('Enter the command:')
 stdin.write(x)
 stdin.write('\n')
 print('success')

details(Host, Port, User, Pass)
</code></pre>

blocks|key|1158105|text|最现代的方法可能是使用fabric。此模块允许您设置SSH连接，然后运行命令并通过connection对象获取结果。|type|unstyled|depth|inlineStyleRanges|entityRanges|offset|length|data|1158106|下面是一个简单的例子：|1158107|from+fabric+import+Connection
with+Connection("your_hostname")+as+connection:
++++result+=+connection.run("uname+-s",+hide=True)
++++msg+=+"Ran+{0.command!r}+on+{0.connection.host},+got+stdout:\n{0.stdout}"
++++print(msg.format(result))|code-block|syntax|javascript|1158108|entityMap|0|LINK|mutability|MUTABLE|url|https://www.fabfile.org/^0|B|6|0|0|0|0^^$0|@$1|2|3|4|5|6|7|S|8|@]|9|@$A|T|B|U|1|V]]|C|$]]|$1|D|3|E|5|6|7|W|8|@]|9|@]|C|$]]|$1|F|3|G|5|H|7|X|8|@]|9|@]|C|$I|J]]|$1|K|3|-4|5|6|7|Y|8|@]|9|@]|C|$]]]|L|$M|$5|N|O|P|C|$Q|R]]]]

The most modern approach is probably to use <a href="https://www.fabfile.org/" rel="nofollow noreferrer">fabric</a>. This module allows you to set up an SSH connection and then run commands and get their results over the connection object.
Here's a simple example:
<pre><code>from fabric import Connection
with Connection(&quot;your_hostname&quot;) as connection:
 result = connection.run(&quot;uname -s&quot;, hide=True)
 msg = &quot;Ran {0.command!r} on {0.connection.host}, got stdout:\n{0.stdout}&quot;
 print(msg.format(result))
</code></pre>

blocks|key|1158014|text|下面的示例中，如果需要用户输入主机名、用户名、密码和端口号。|type|unstyled|depth|inlineStyleRanges|entityRanges|data|1158015|++import+paramiko

++ssh+=+paramiko.SSHClient()

++ssh.set_missing_host_key_policy(paramiko.AutoAddPolicy())



++def+details():

++Host+=+input("Enter+the+Hostname:+")

++Port+=+input("Enter+the+Port:+")

++User+=+input("Enter+the+Username:+")

++Pass+=+input("Enter+the+Password:+")

++ssh.connect(Host,+Port,+User,+Pass,+timeout=2)

++print('connected')

++stdin,+stdout,+stderr+=+ssh.exec_command("")

++stdin.write('xcommand+SystemUnit+Boot+Action:+Restart\n')

++print('success')

++details()|code-block|syntax|javascript|1158016|entityMap^0|0|0^^$0|@$1|2|3|4|5|6|7|I|8|@]|9|@]|A|$]]|$1|B|3|C|5|D|7|J|8|@]|9|@]|A|$E|F]]|$1|G|3|-4|5|6|7|K|8|@]|9|@]|A|$]]]|H|$]]

<h1>Below example, incase if you want user inputs for hostname,username,password and port no.</h1>

<pre><code> import paramiko

 ssh = paramiko.SSHClient()

 ssh.set_missing_host_key_policy(paramiko.AutoAddPolicy())



 def details():

 Host = input("Enter the Hostname: ")

 Port = input("Enter the Port: ")

 User = input("Enter the Username: ")

 Pass = input("Enter the Password: ")

 ssh.connect(Host, Port, User, Pass, timeout=2)

 print('connected')

 stdin, stdout, stderr = ssh.exec_command("")

 stdin.write('xcommand SystemUnit Boot Action: Restart\n')

 print('success')

 details()
</code></pre>

I'm writing a script to automate some command line commands in Python. At the moment, I'm doing calls like this:
<pre><code>cmd = &quot;some unix command&quot;
retcode = subprocess.call(cmd,shell=True)
</code></pre>
However, I need to run some commands on a remote machine. Manually, I would log in using <code>ssh</code> and then run the commands. How would I automate this in Python? I need to log in with a (known) password to the remote machine, so I can't just use <code>cmd = ssh user@remotehost</code>, I'm wondering if there's a module I should be using?

Perform commands over ssh with Python

Python

我正在编写一个脚本来自动化Python中的一些命令行命令。目前，我正在进行这样的调用：cmd = "some unix command"retcode = subprocess.call(cmd,shell=True)但是，我需要在远程机器上运行一些命令。我会手动使用ssh登录，然后运行命令。我将如何在Python中自动执行此操作？我需要使用(已知的)密码登录到远程机器，所以我不能只使用cmd =

问使用Python通过ssh执行命令
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回答 11

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