blocks|key|1790799|text|试试pgrep。它的输出格式要简单得多，因此更容易解析。|type|unstyled|depth|inlineStyleRanges|offset|length|style|CODE|entityRanges|data|1790800|entityMap^0|2|5|0^^$0|@$1|2|3|4|5|6|7|H|8|@$9|I|A|J|B|C]]|D|@]|E|$]]|$1|F|3|-4|5|6|7|K|8|@]|D|@]|E|$]]]|G|$]]

Try <code>pgrep</code>. Its output format is much simpler and therefore easier to parse.

blocks|key|1790772|text|From+the+standard+library|type|unstyled|depth|inlineStyleRanges|entityRanges|offset|length|data|1790773|os.getpid()|code-block|syntax|javascript|1790774|entityMap|0|LINK|mutability|MUTABLE|url|http://docs.python.org/library/os.html#os.getpid^0|0|P|0|0|0^^$0|@$1|2|3|4|5|6|7|Q|8|@]|9|@$A|R|B|S|1|T]]|C|$]]|$1|D|3|E|5|F|7|U|8|@]|9|@]|C|$G|H]]|$1|I|3|-4|5|6|7|V|8|@]|9|@]|C|$]]]|J|$K|$5|L|M|N|C|$O|P]]]]

<a href="http://docs.python.org/library/os.html#os.getpid" rel="noreferrer">From the standard library</a>:

<pre><code>os.getpid()
</code></pre>

blocks|key|1790785|text|如果你不局限于标准库，我喜欢psutil。|type|unstyled|depth|inlineStyleRanges|entityRanges|offset|length|data|1790786|例如，要查找所有"python“进程：|1790787|>>>+import+psutil
>>>+[p.info+for+p+in+psutil.process_iter(attrs=['pid',+'name'])+if+'python'+in+p.info['name']]
[{'name':+'python3',+'pid':+21947},
+{'name':+'python',+'pid':+23835}]|code-block|syntax|javascript|1790788|entityMap|0|LINK|mutability|MUTABLE|url|https://github.com/giampaolo/psutil^0|E|6|0|0|0|0^^$0|@$1|2|3|4|5|6|7|S|8|@]|9|@$A|T|B|U|1|V]]|C|$]]|$1|D|3|E|5|6|7|W|8|@]|9|@]|C|$]]|$1|F|3|G|5|H|7|X|8|@]|9|@]|C|$I|J]]|$1|K|3|-4|5|6|7|Y|8|@]|9|@]|C|$]]]|L|$M|$5|N|O|P|C|$Q|R]]]]

If you are not limiting yourself to the standard library, I like <a href="https://github.com/giampaolo/psutil" rel="noreferrer">psutil</a> for this.

For instance to find all "python" processes:

<pre><code>&gt;&gt;&gt; import psutil
&gt;&gt;&gt; [p.info for p in psutil.process_iter(attrs=['pid', 'name']) if 'python' in p.info['name']]
[{'name': 'python3', 'pid': 21947},
 {'name': 'python', 'pid': 23835}]
</code></pre>

blocks|key|2004532|text|还有：Python:+How+to+get+PID+by+process+name?|type|unstyled|depth|inlineStyleRanges|entityRanges|offset|length|data|2004533|适应以前发布的答案。|2004534|def+getpid(process_name):
++++import+os
++++return+[item.split()[1]+for+item+in+os.popen('tasklist').read().splitlines()[4:]+if+process_name+in+item.split()]

getpid('cmd.exe')
['6560',+'3244',+'9024',+'4828']|code-block|syntax|javascript|2004535|entityMap|0|LINK|mutability|MUTABLE|url|https://stackoverflow.com/questions/26688936/python-how-to-get-pid-by-process-name^0|3|13|0|0|0|0^^$0|@$1|2|3|4|5|6|7|S|8|@]|9|@$A|T|B|U|1|V]]|C|$]]|$1|D|3|E|5|6|7|W|8|@]|9|@]|C|$]]|$1|F|3|G|5|H|7|X|8|@]|9|@]|C|$I|J]]|$1|K|3|-4|5|6|7|Y|8|@]|9|@]|C|$]]]|L|$M|$5|N|O|P|C|$Q|R]]]]

Also:
<a href="https://stackoverflow.com/questions/26688936/python-how-to-get-pid-by-process-name">Python: How to get PID by process name?</a>

Adaptation to previous posted answers.

<pre><code>def getpid(process_name):
 import os
 return [item.split()[1] for item in os.popen('tasklist').read().splitlines()[4:] if process_name in item.split()]

getpid('cmd.exe')
['6560', '3244', '9024', '4828']
</code></pre>

blocks|key|2004584|text|使用psutil|type|unstyled|depth|inlineStyleRanges|offset|length|style|CODE|entityRanges|data|2004585|(可与[sudo]+pip+install+psutil一起安装)|2004586|import+psutil

#+Get+current+process+pid
current_process_pid+=+psutil.Process().pid
print(current_process_pid)++#+e.g+12971

#+Get+pids+by+program+name
program_name+=+'chrome'
process_pids+=+[process.pid+for+process+in+psutil.process_iter()+if+process.name+==+program_name]
print(process_pids)++#+e.g+[1059,+2343,+...,+...,+9645]|code-block|syntax|javascript|2004587|entityMap|0|LINK|mutability|MUTABLE|url|https://github.com/giampaolo/psutil^0|2|6|2|6|0|0|3|P|0|0^^$0|@$1|2|3|4|5|6|7|U|8|@$9|V|A|W|B|C]]|D|@$9|X|A|Y|1|Z]]|E|$]]|$1|F|3|G|5|6|7|10|8|@$9|11|A|12|B|C]]|D|@]|E|$]]|$1|H|3|I|5|J|7|13|8|@]|D|@]|E|$K|L]]|$1|M|3|-4|5|6|7|14|8|@]|D|@]|E|$]]]|N|$O|$5|P|Q|R|E|$S|T]]]]

With <a href="https://github.com/giampaolo/psutil" rel="noreferrer"><code>psutil</code></a>:

(can be installed with <code>[sudo] pip install psutil</code>)

<pre><code>import psutil

# Get current process pid
current_process_pid = psutil.Process().pid
print(current_process_pid) # e.g 12971

# Get pids by program name
program_name = 'chrome'
process_pids = [process.pid for process in psutil.process_iter() if process.name == program_name]
print(process_pids) # e.g [1059, 2343, ..., ..., 9645]
</code></pre>

blocks|key|1790809|text|适用于Windows|type|unstyled|depth|inlineStyleRanges|entityRanges|data|1790810|无需下载任何模块即可获取计算机上所有程序的pids的方法：|1790811|import+os

pids+=+[]
a+=+os.popen("tasklist").readlines()
for+x+in+a:
++++++try:
+++++++++pids.append(int(x[29:34]))
++++++except:
+++++++++++pass
for+each+in+pids:
+++++++++print(each)|code-block|syntax|javascript|1790812|如果您只想要一个或所有同名的程序，并且您想要终止进程或其他什么：|1790813|import+os,+sys,+win32api

tasklistrl+=+os.popen("tasklist").readlines()
tasklistr+=+os.popen("tasklist").read()

print(tasklistr)

def+kill(process):
+++++process_exists_forsure+=+False
+++++gotpid+=+False
+++++for+examine+in+tasklistrl:
++++++++++++if+process+==+examine[0:len(process)]:
++++++++++++++++process_exists_forsure+=+True
+++++if+process_exists_forsure:
+++++++++print("That+process+exists.")
+++++else:
++++++++print("That+process+does+not+exist.")
++++++++raw_input()
++++++++sys.exit()
+++++for+getpid+in+tasklistrl:
+++++++++if+process+==+getpid[0:len(process)]:
++++++++++++++++pid+=+int(getpid[29:34])
++++++++++++++++gotpid+=+True
++++++++++++++++try:
++++++++++++++++++handle+=+win32api.OpenProcess(1,+False,+pid)
++++++++++++++++++win32api.TerminateProcess(handle,+0)
++++++++++++++++++win32api.CloseHandle(handle)
++++++++++++++++++print("Successfully+killed+process+%25s+on+pid+%25d."+%25+(getpid[0:len(prompt)],+pid))
++++++++++++++++except+win32api.error+as+err:
++++++++++++++++++print(err)
++++++++++++++++++raw_input()
++++++++++++++++++sys.exit()
++++if+not+gotpid:
+++++++print("Could+not+get+process+pid.")
+++++++raw_input()
+++++++sys.exit()

+++raw_input()
+++sys.exit()

prompt+=+raw_input("Which+process+would+you+like+to+kill?+")
kill(prompt)|1790814|这只是我的进程删除程序的一个粘贴，我可以让它变得更好，但它是好的。|1790815|entityMap^0|0|0|0|0|0|0^^$0|@$1|2|3|4|5|6|7|Q|8|@]|9|@]|A|$]]|$1|B|3|C|5|6|7|R|8|@]|9|@]|A|$]]|$1|D|3|E|5|F|7|S|8|@]|9|@]|A|$G|H]]|$1|I|3|J|5|6|7|T|8|@]|9|@]|A|$]]|$1|K|3|L|5|F|7|U|8|@]|9|@]|A|$G|H]]|$1|M|3|N|5|6|7|V|8|@]|9|@]|A|$]]|$1|O|3|-4|5|6|7|W|8|@]|9|@]|A|$]]]|P|$]]

For Windows

A Way to get all the pids of programs on your computer without downloading any modules:

<pre><code>import os

pids = []
a = os.popen("tasklist").readlines()
for x in a:
 try:
 pids.append(int(x[29:34]))
 except:
 pass
for each in pids:
 print(each)
</code></pre>

If you just wanted one program or all programs with the same name and you wanted to kill the process or something:

<pre><code>import os, sys, win32api

tasklistrl = os.popen("tasklist").readlines()
tasklistr = os.popen("tasklist").read()

print(tasklistr)

def kill(process):
 process_exists_forsure = False
 gotpid = False
 for examine in tasklistrl:
 if process == examine[0:len(process)]:
 process_exists_forsure = True
 if process_exists_forsure:
 print("That process exists.")
 else:
 print("That process does not exist.")
 raw_input()
 sys.exit()
 for getpid in tasklistrl:
 if process == getpid[0:len(process)]:
 pid = int(getpid[29:34])
 gotpid = True
 try:
 handle = win32api.OpenProcess(1, False, pid)
 win32api.TerminateProcess(handle, 0)
 win32api.CloseHandle(handle)
 print("Successfully killed process %s on pid %d." % (getpid[0:len(prompt)], pid))
 except win32api.error as err:
 print(err)
 raw_input()
 sys.exit()
 if not gotpid:
 print("Could not get process pid.")
 raw_input()
 sys.exit()

 raw_input()
 sys.exit()

prompt = raw_input("Which process would you like to kill? ")
kill(prompt)
</code></pre>

That was just a paste of my process kill program I could make it a whole lot better but it is okay.

blocks|key|2004573|text|对于posix+(Linux、BSD等只需要挂载/proc目录)在/proc中使用os文件更容易|type|unstyled|depth|inlineStyleRanges|entityRanges|data|2004574|适用于python2和python3(唯一的区别是异常树，因此是“异常”，我不喜欢它，但保留它是为了保持兼容性。也可以创建自定义异常。)|2004575|#!/usr/bin/env+python

import+os
import+sys


for+dirname+in+os.listdir('/proc'):
++++if+dirname+==+'curproc':
++++++++continue

++++try:
++++++++with+open('/proc/{}/cmdline'.format(dirname),+mode='rb')+as+fd:
++++++++++++content+=+fd.read().decode().split('\x00')
++++except+Exception:
++++++++continue

++++for+i+in+sys.argv[1:]:
++++++++if+i+in+content[0]:
++++++++++++#+dirname+is+also+the+number+of+PID
++++++++++++print('{0:<12}+:+{1}'.format(dirname,+'+'.join(content)))|code-block|syntax|javascript|2004576|示例输出(它的工作方式类似于pgrep)：|2004577|phoemur+~/python+$+./pgrep.py+bash
1487+++++++++:+-bash+
1779+++++++++:+/bin/bash|2004578|entityMap^0|0|0|0|0|0^^$0|@$1|2|3|4|5|6|7|O|8|@]|9|@]|A|$]]|$1|B|3|C|5|6|7|P|8|@]|9|@]|A|$]]|$1|D|3|E|5|F|7|Q|8|@]|9|@]|A|$G|H]]|$1|I|3|J|5|6|7|R|8|@]|9|@]|A|$]]|$1|K|3|L|5|F|7|S|8|@]|9|@]|A|$G|H]]|$1|M|3|-4|5|6|7|T|8|@]|9|@]|A|$]]]|N|$]]

For posix (Linux, BSD, etc... only need /proc directory to be mounted) it's easier to work with os files in /proc

Works on python 2 and 3 ( The only difference is the Exception tree, therefore the "except Exception", which i dislike but kept to maintain compatibility. Also could've created custom exception.)

<pre><code>#!/usr/bin/env python

import os
import sys


for dirname in os.listdir('/proc'):
 if dirname == 'curproc':
 continue

 try:
 with open('/proc/{}/cmdline'.format(dirname), mode='rb') as fd:
 content = fd.read().decode().split('\x00')
 except Exception:
 continue

 for i in sys.argv[1:]:
 if i in content[0]:
 # dirname is also the number of PID
 print('{0:&lt;12} : {1}'.format(dirname, ' '.join(content)))
</code></pre>

Sample Output (it works like pgrep):

<pre><code>phoemur ~/python $ ./pgrep.py bash
1487 : -bash 
1779 : /bin/bash
</code></pre>

blocks|key|1790919|text|这是费尔南多答案的简化变体。这是针对Linux和Python+2或3的。不需要外部库，也不会运行外部进程。|type|unstyled|depth|inlineStyleRanges|entityRanges|data|1790920|import+glob

def+get_command_pid(command):
++++for+path+in+glob.glob('/proc/*/comm'):
++++++++if+open(path).read().rstrip()+==+command:
++++++++++++return+path.split('/')[2]|code-block|syntax|javascript|1790921|只会返回找到的第一个匹配进程，这在某些情况下工作得很好。要获取多个匹配进程的PID，只需将return替换为yield，然后使用pids+=+list(get_command_pid(command))获取列表。|offset|length|style|CODE|1790922|或者，作为单个表达式：|1790923|对于一个进程：|1790924|next(path.split('/')[2]+for+path+in+glob.glob('/proc/*/comm')+if+open(path).read().rstrip()+==+command)|1790925|对于多个进程：|1790926|[path.split('/')[2]+for+path+in+glob.glob('/proc/*/comm')+if+open(path).read().rstrip()+==+command]|1790927|entityMap^0|0|0|19|6|1I|5|1S|11|0|0|0|0|0|0^^$0|@$1|2|3|4|5|6|7|Y|8|@]|9|@]|A|$]]|$1|B|3|C|5|D|7|Z|8|@]|9|@]|A|$E|F]]|$1|G|3|H|5|6|7|10|8|@$I|11|J|12|K|L]|$I|13|J|14|K|L]|$I|15|J|16|K|L]]|9|@]|A|$]]|$1|M|3|N|5|6|7|17|8|@]|9|@]|A|$]]|$1|O|3|P|5|6|7|18|8|@]|9|@]|A|$]]|$1|Q|3|R|5|D|7|19|8|@]|9|@]|A|$E|F]]|$1|S|3|T|5|6|7|1A|8|@]|9|@]|A|$]]|$1|U|3|V|5|D|7|1B|8|@]|9|@]|A|$E|F]]|$1|W|3|-4|5|6|7|1C|8|@]|9|@]|A|$]]]|X|$]]

This is a simplified variation of Fernando's answer. This is for Linux and either Python 2 or 3. No external library is needed, and no external process is run.

<pre><code>import glob

def get_command_pid(command):
 for path in glob.glob('/proc/*/comm'):
 if open(path).read().rstrip() == command:
 return path.split('/')[2]
</code></pre>

Only the first matching process found will be returned, which works well for some purposes. To get the PIDs of multiple matching processes, you could just replace the <code>return</code> with <code>yield</code>, and then get a list with <code>pids = list(get_command_pid(command))</code>.

Alternatively, as a single expression:

For one process:

<pre><code>next(path.split('/')[2] for path in glob.glob('/proc/*/comm') if open(path).read().rstrip() == command)
</code></pre>

For multiple processes:

<pre><code>[path.split('/')[2] for path in glob.glob('/proc/*/comm') if open(path).read().rstrip() == command]
</code></pre>

blocks|key|1790835|text|该任务可以使用以下代码来解决，0:28是保存名称的间隔，而29:34包含实际的pid。|type|unstyled|depth|inlineStyleRanges|entityRanges|data|1790836|import+os

program_pid+=+0
program_name+=+"notepad.exe"

task_manager_lines+=+os.popen("tasklist").readlines()
for+line+in+task_manager_lines:
++++try:
++++++++if+str(line[0:28])+==+program_name+%2B+(28+-+len(program_name)+*+'+':+#so+it+includes+the+whitespaces
++++++++++++program_pid+=+int(line[29:34])
++++++++++++break
++++except:
++++++++pass

print(program_pid)|code-block|syntax|javascript|1790837|entityMap^0|0|0^^$0|@$1|2|3|4|5|6|7|I|8|@]|9|@]|A|$]]|$1|B|3|C|5|D|7|J|8|@]|9|@]|A|$E|F]]|$1|G|3|-4|5|6|7|K|8|@]|9|@]|A|$]]]|H|$]]

The task can be solved using the following piece of code, [0:28] being interval where the name is being held, while [29:34] contains the actual pid.

<pre><code>import os

program_pid = 0
program_name = "notepad.exe"

task_manager_lines = os.popen("tasklist").readlines()
for line in task_manager_lines:
 try:
 if str(line[0:28]) == program_name + (28 - len(program_name) * ' ': #so it includes the whitespaces
 program_pid = int(line[29:34])
 break
 except:
 pass

print(program_pid)
</code></pre>

I'm writing some monitoring scripts in Python and I'm trying to find the cleanest way to get the process ID of any random running program given the name of that program

something like

<pre><code>ps -ef | grep MyProgram
</code></pre>

I could parse the output of that however I thought there might be a better way in python

How do you get the process ID of a program in Unix or Linux using Python?

Windows

Python

Linux

我正在用Python编写一些监控脚本，并试图找到最干净的方法来获取任意随机运行的程序的进程ID (给定该程序的名称就像这样ps -ef | grep MyProgram我可以解析它的输出，但是我认为在python中可能有更好的方法。

问如何使用Python获取Unix或Linux中程序的进程ID？
EN

回答 9

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问如何使用Python获取Unix或Linux中程序的进程ID？EN

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问如何使用Python获取Unix或Linux中程序的进程ID？
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