是否可以创建用户定义的异常并能够更改SQLERRM?
例如:
DECLARE
ex_custom EXCEPTION;
BEGIN
RAISE ex_custom;
EXCEPTION
WHEN ex_custom THEN
DBMS_OUTPUT.PUT_LINE(SQLERRM);
END;
/
输出是“用户定义的异常”。是否有可能更改该消息?
编辑:这里有更多的细节。
我希望这篇文章能说明我正在努力做得更好。
DECLARE
l_table_status VARCHAR2(8);
l_index_status VARCHAR2(8);
l_table_name VARCHAR2(30) := 'TEST';
l_index_name VARCHAR2(30) := 'IDX_TEST';
ex_no_metadata EXCEPTION;
BEGIN
BEGIN
SELECT STATUS
INTO l_table_status
FROM USER_TABLES
WHERE TABLE_NAME = l_table_name;
EXCEPTION
WHEN NO_DATA_FOUND THEN
-- raise exception here with message saying
-- "Table metadata does not exist."
RAISE ex_no_metadata;
END;
BEGIN
SELECT STATUS
INTO l_index_status
FROM USER_INDEXES
WHERE INDEX_NAME = l_index_name;
EXCEPTION
WHEN NO_DATA_FOUND THEN
-- raise exception here with message saying
-- "Index metadata does not exist."
RAISE ex_no_metadata;
END;
EXCEPTION
WHEN ex_no_metadata THEN
DBMS_OUTPUT.PUT_LINE('Exception will be handled by handle_no_metadata_exception(SQLERRM) procedure here.');
DBMS_OUTPUT.PUT_LINE(SQLERRM);
END;
/
实际上,有几十个这样的子块。我想知道是否有一种方法可以让每个子块都有一个用户定义的异常来引发,但让它给出不同的消息,而不是为每个子块创建一个单独的用户定义异常。
在.NET中,这有点像拥有一个自定义异常,如下所示:
public class ColorException : Exception
{
public ColorException(string message)
: base(message)
{
}
}
然后,一个方法应该是这样的:
if (isRed)
{
throw new ColorException("Red is not allowed!");
}
if (isBlack)
{
throw new ColorException("Black is not allowed!");
}
if (isBlue)
{
throw new ColorException("Blue is not allowed!");
}
发布于 2011-05-17 00:39:03
是。您只需使用RAISE_APPLICATION_ERROR
函数。如果您还想为异常命名,则需要使用EXCEPTION_INIT
杂注,以便将错误号与命名的异常相关联。就像这样
SQL> ed
Wrote file afiedt.buf
1 declare
2 ex_custom EXCEPTION;
3 PRAGMA EXCEPTION_INIT( ex_custom, -20001 );
4 begin
5 raise_application_error( -20001, 'This is a custom error' );
6 exception
7 when ex_custom
8 then
9 dbms_output.put_line( sqlerrm );
10* end;
SQL> /
ORA-20001: This is a custom error
PL/SQL procedure successfully completed.
发布于 2011-05-17 00:35:34
您可以像这样使用RAISE_APPLICATION_ERROR:
DECLARE
ex_custom EXCEPTION;
BEGIN
RAISE ex_custom;
EXCEPTION
WHEN ex_custom THEN
RAISE_APPLICATION_ERROR(-20001,'My exception was raised');
END;
/
这将引发一个异常,如下所示:
ORA-20001: My exception was raised
错误号可以是-20001到-20999之间的任何值。
发布于 2013-07-18 02:51:38
我通常会忘记所有的-20001
-type错误代码,所以我尝试将所有的应用程序错误合并到一个很好的包中,如下所示:
SET SERVEROUTPUT ON
CREATE OR REPLACE PACKAGE errors AS
invalid_foo_err EXCEPTION;
invalid_foo_num NUMBER := -20123;
invalid_foo_msg VARCHAR2(32767) := 'Invalid Foo!';
PRAGMA EXCEPTION_INIT(invalid_foo_err, -20123); -- can't use var >:O
illegal_bar_err EXCEPTION;
illegal_bar_num NUMBER := -20156;
illegal_bar_msg VARCHAR2(32767) := 'Illegal Bar!';
PRAGMA EXCEPTION_INIT(illegal_bar_err, -20156); -- can't use var >:O
PROCEDURE raise_err(p_err NUMBER, p_msg VARCHAR2 DEFAULT NULL);
END;
/
CREATE OR REPLACE PACKAGE BODY errors AS
unknown_err EXCEPTION;
unknown_num NUMBER := -20001;
unknown_msg VARCHAR2(32767) := 'Unknown Error Specified!';
PROCEDURE raise_err(p_err NUMBER, p_msg VARCHAR2 DEFAULT NULL) AS
v_msg VARCHAR2(32767);
BEGIN
IF p_err = unknown_num THEN
v_msg := unknown_msg;
ELSIF p_err = invalid_foo_num THEN
v_msg := invalid_foo_msg;
ELSIF p_err = illegal_bar_num THEN
v_msg := illegal_bar_msg;
ELSE
raise_err(unknown_num, 'USR' || p_err || ': ' || p_msg);
END IF;
IF p_msg IS NOT NULL THEN
v_msg := v_msg || ' - '||p_msg;
END IF;
RAISE_APPLICATION_ERROR(p_err, v_msg);
END;
END;
/
然后调用errors.raise_err(errors.invalid_foo_num, 'optional extra text')
来使用它,如下所示:
BEGIN
BEGIN
errors.raise_err(errors.invalid_foo_num, 'Insufficient Foo-age!');
EXCEPTION
WHEN errors.invalid_foo_err THEN
dbms_output.put_line(SQLERRM);
END;
BEGIN
errors.raise_err(errors.illegal_bar_num, 'Insufficient Bar-age!');
EXCEPTION
WHEN errors.illegal_bar_err THEN
dbms_output.put_line(SQLERRM);
END;
BEGIN
errors.raise_err(-10000, 'This Doesn''t Exist!!');
EXCEPTION
WHEN OTHERS THEN
dbms_output.put_line(SQLERRM);
END;
END;
/
生成以下输出:
ORA-20123: Invalid Foo! - Insufficient Foo-age!
ORA-20156: Illegal Bar! - Insufficient Bar-age!
ORA-20001: Unknown Error Specified! - USR-10000: This Doesn't Exist!!
https://stackoverflow.com/questions/6020450
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