blocks|key|738334|text|我以前也这样做过，只是为了一个简单的模板生成器。最简单的方法是只在父对象中呈现HAML：|type|unstyled|depth|inlineStyleRanges|entityRanges|data|738335|%25p+some+haml+that's+interesting
=+Haml::Engine.new('%25p+this+is+a+test').render
%25p+some+more+template|code-block|syntax|javascript|738336|您很可能想要构建一些方法来简化这一过程--几个助手方法。也许您编写了一个名为render_file的函数，它接受一个文件名作为参数。该方法可能类似于：|738337|def+render_file(filename)
++contents+=+File.read(filename)
++Haml::Engine.new(contents).render
end|738338|然后，您的模板将看起来更像：|738339|%25p+some+template
=+render_file('some_filename.haml')
%25p+more+template|738340|注意，您可能需要将self传递给原始的Haml::Engine+render，以便它知道如何找到您的render_file方法。|738341|entityMap^0|0|0|0|0|0|0|0^^$0|@$1|2|3|4|5|6|7|S|8|@]|9|@]|A|$]]|$1|B|3|C|5|D|7|T|8|@]|9|@]|A|$E|F]]|$1|G|3|H|5|6|7|U|8|@]|9|@]|A|$]]|$1|I|3|J|5|D|7|V|8|@]|9|@]|A|$E|F]]|$1|K|3|L|5|6|7|W|8|@]|9|@]|A|$]]|$1|M|3|N|5|D|7|X|8|@]|9|@]|A|$E|F]]|$1|O|3|P|5|6|7|Y|8|@]|9|@]|A|$]]|$1|Q|3|-4|5|6|7|Z|8|@]|9|@]|A|$]]]|R|$]]

I've done this before, just for a quick-and-dirty template producer. The easiest way is to just render the HAML inside the parent object:

<pre><code>%p some haml that's interesting
= Haml::Engine.new('%p this is a test').render
%p some more template
</code></pre>

You'll more than likely want to build some methods to make this easier--a couple of helper methods. Maybe you write one called render_file that takes a filename as an argument. That method might look something like:

<pre><code>def render_file(filename)
 contents = File.read(filename)
 Haml::Engine.new(contents).render
end
</code></pre>

Then, your template would look more like:

<pre><code>%p some template
= render_file('some_filename.haml')
%p more template
</code></pre>

Note, you will probably need to pass self to the original Haml::Engine render so that it knows how to find your render_file method.

blocks|key|738425|text|对于这些事情，我完全推荐使用Tilt+gem。它提供了一个标准接口，用于使用相同的API呈现许多不同的模板语言，允许您设置自定义作用域和局部变量，允许您使用yield，并且健壮且快速。Sinatra将其用于模板。|type|unstyled|depth|inlineStyleRanges|entityRanges|offset|length|data|738426|示例：|738427|require+'haml'
require+'tilt'

template+=+Tilt.new('path/to/file.haml')
#+=>+#<Tilt::HAMLTemplate+@file="path/to/file.haml"+...>
layout+++=+Tilt.new('path/to/layout.haml')

output+=+layout.render+{+template.render+}|code-block|syntax|javascript|738428|这让您可以在布局中使用yield来获得呈现的模板，就像Rails一样。至于分音，David已经描述了一种简单而好的方法。|style|CODE|738429|但实际上，如果您正在编写的内容将通过HTTP提供服务，我建议您看看Sinatra，它已经提供了模板，并且具有您所能想象到的最简单的请求路由。|738430|entityMap|0|LINK|mutability|MUTABLE|url|https://github.com/rtomayko/tilt|1|http://www.sinatrarb.com/^0|E|4|0|0|0|0|B|5|0|X|7|1|0^^$0|@$1|2|3|4|5|6|7|10|8|@]|9|@$A|11|B|12|1|13]]|C|$]]|$1|D|3|E|5|6|7|14|8|@]|9|@]|C|$]]|$1|F|3|G|5|H|7|15|8|@]|9|@]|C|$I|J]]|$1|K|3|L|5|6|7|16|8|@$A|17|B|18|M|N]]|9|@]|C|$]]|$1|O|3|P|5|6|7|19|8|@]|9|@$A|1A|B|1B|1|1C]]|C|$]]|$1|Q|3|-4|5|6|7|1D|8|@]|9|@]|C|$]]]|R|$S|$5|T|U|V|C|$W|X]]|Y|$5|T|U|V|C|$W|Z]]]]

I totally recommend the <a href="https://github.com/rtomayko/tilt" rel="nofollow">Tilt</a> gem for these things. It provides a standard interface for rendering many different template langages with the same API, lets you set custom scope and locals, lets you use yield, and is robust and fast. Sinatra is using it for templates.

Example:

<pre><code>require 'haml'
require 'tilt'

template = Tilt.new('path/to/file.haml')
# =&gt; #&lt;Tilt::HAMLTemplate @file="path/to/file.haml" ...&gt;
layout = Tilt.new('path/to/layout.haml')

output = layout.render { template.render }
</code></pre>

This lets you <code>yield</code> inside the layout to get the rendered template, just like Rails. As for partials, David already described a simple and nice way to go.

But actually, if what you're writing is going to be served over HTTP, i suggest you take a look at <a href="http://www.sinatrarb.com/" rel="nofollow">Sinatra</a>, which already provides templating, and has the simplest request routing you could imagine.

blocks|key|738446|text|def+render_file(filename)
++contents+=+File.read('views/'%2Bfilename)
++Haml::Engine.new(contents).render
end|type|code-block|depth|inlineStyleRanges|entityRanges|data|syntax|javascript|738447|unstyled|entityMap^0|0^^$0|@$1|2|3|4|5|6|7|G|8|@]|9|@]|A|$B|C]]|$1|D|3|-4|5|E|7|H|8|@]|9|@]|A|$]]]|F|$]]

<pre><code>def render_file(filename)
 contents = File.read('views/'+filename)
 Haml::Engine.new(contents).render
end
</code></pre>

blocks|key|738494|text|我用David+Richards发布的指令以一种串联的方式获得了巨大的成功，没有变量，就像这样：|type|unstyled|depth|inlineStyleRanges|entityRanges|offset|length|data|738495|=+Haml::Engine.new(File.read('/Volumes/Project/file_to_include.haml')).render|style|CODE|738496|显然有一种更优雅的方式。但是对于那些只想包含一两个文件的人来说，这应该可以很好地工作。这是一个缺点，所有使用这些包含的基本文件都必须在对后者进行一些更改后重新编译。如果环境允许的话，使用php+include可能是值得的。|738497|entityMap|0|LINK|mutability|MUTABLE|url|https://stackoverflow.com/users/177363/david-richards^0|2|E|0|0|0|25|0|0^^$0|@$1|2|3|4|5|6|7|R|8|@]|9|@$A|S|B|T|1|U]]|C|$]]|$1|D|3|E|5|6|7|V|8|@$A|W|B|X|F|G]]|9|@]|C|$]]|$1|H|3|I|5|6|7|Y|8|@]|9|@]|C|$]]|$1|J|3|-4|5|6|7|Z|8|@]|9|@]|C|$]]]|K|$L|$5|M|N|O|C|$P|Q]]]]

I've had great success just using the instructions posted by <a href="https://stackoverflow.com/users/177363/david-richards">David Richards</a> in a concatenated way, without variables, like this:

<code>= Haml::Engine.new(File.read('/Volumes/Project/file_to_include.haml')).render</code>

There's obviously a more elegant way. But for someone who just wants to include one or two files, this should work nicely. It's a drawback that all base files using these includes have to be recompiled after some changes to the latter. It might be worthwile to just use php include if the environment allows that.

blocks|key|954512|text|(添加这个半冗余的答案是为了展示如何将其他答案中的技术结合起来。)|type|unstyled|depth|inlineStyleRanges|entityRanges|data|954513|在您的安装代码中包含类似这样的内容，以便修补Haml库。|954514|module+Haml::Helpers
++def+render_haml(filename)
++++contents+=+File.read(Rails.root.join("app",+"assets",+"templates",+filename))
++++Haml::Engine.new(contents).render
++end
end|code-block|syntax|javascript|954515|然后在你的Haml文件中|954516|.foo
=+render_haml('partial.haml')
.bar|954517|显然，这是一个类似Rails的示例(因为我想在资产管道中使用HAML，而不是作为视图)……您可能希望用一种在项目的模板或部分目录中查找filename的方法来替换Rails.root.join(...)。|offset|length|style|CODE|954518|entityMap^0|0|0|0|0|0|1V|8|29|K|0^^$0|@$1|2|3|4|5|6|7|U|8|@]|9|@]|A|$]]|$1|B|3|C|5|6|7|V|8|@]|9|@]|A|$]]|$1|D|3|E|5|F|7|W|8|@]|9|@]|A|$G|H]]|$1|I|3|J|5|6|7|X|8|@]|9|@]|A|$]]|$1|K|3|L|5|F|7|Y|8|@]|9|@]|A|$G|H]]|$1|M|3|N|5|6|7|Z|8|@$O|10|P|11|Q|R]|$O|12|P|13|Q|R]]|9|@]|A|$]]|$1|S|3|-4|5|6|7|14|8|@]|9|@]|A|$]]]|T|$]]

(Adding this semi-redundant answer to show how one might incorporate the techniques from other answers.)

Include something like this in your setup code to monkey-patch the Haml library.

<pre><code>module Haml::Helpers
 def render_haml(filename)
 contents = File.read(Rails.root.join("app", "assets", "templates", filename))
 Haml::Engine.new(contents).render
 end
end
</code></pre>

Then in your Haml file

<pre><code>.foo
= render_haml('partial.haml')
.bar
</code></pre>

Obviously this is a Rails-ish example (because I wanted to use HAML in my asset pipeline instead of as views)... You will want to replace <code>Rails.root.join(...)</code> with a way to find <code>filename</code> in your project's templates or partials directory.

I really don’t need the overhead of Rails for my very small project, so I’m trying to achieve this just using just plain Ruby and HAML.

I want to include another HAML file inside my HAML template. But I haven’t found a good—or really usable—way of doing this.

For example, I have these two HAML files:

documents.haml

<pre><code>%html
 %body
 = include(menu.haml) body
 %article …
</code></pre>

menu.haml

<pre><code>%ul
 %li
 %a whatever …
</code></pre>

Include is obviously not the way to go here. But it does a nice job describing what I’m trying to achieve in this example.

Partial HAML templating in Ruby without Rails

路由

对于我的小项目，我真的不需要Rails的开销，所以我只使用普通的Ruby和HAML就可以做到这一点。我想在我的HAML模板中包含另一个HAML文件。但是我还没有找到一个好的-或者真正有用的-方法来做这件事。例如，我有这两个HAML文件：documents.haml%html %body  = include(menu....

问不带Rails的Ruby中的部分HAML模板
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