blocks|key|168190|text|该错误意味着在编译期间找不到numpy头文件。|type|unstyled|depth|inlineStyleRanges|entityRanges|data|168191|尝试执行export+CFLAGS=-I/usr/lib/python2.7/site-packages/numpy/core/include/，然后进行编译。这是几个不同包的问题。在ArchLinux中有一个针对相同问题的bug：https://bugs.archlinux.org/task/22326|offset|length|style|CODE|168192|entityMap|0|LINK|mutability|MUTABLE|url|https://bugs.archlinux.org/task/22326^0|0|4|1W|38|11|0|0^^$0|@$1|2|3|4|5|6|7|P|8|@]|9|@]|A|$]]|$1|B|3|C|5|6|7|Q|8|@$D|R|E|S|F|G]]|9|@$D|T|E|U|1|V]]|A|$]]|$1|H|3|-4|5|6|7|W|8|@]|9|@]|A|$]]]|I|$J|$5|K|L|M|A|$N|O]]]]

The error means that a numpy header file isn't being found during compilation. 

Try doing <code>export CFLAGS=-I/usr/lib/python2.7/site-packages/numpy/core/include/</code>, and then compiling. This is a problem with a few different packages. There's a bug filed in ArchLinux for the same issue: <a href="https://bugs.archlinux.org/task/22326" rel="noreferrer">https://bugs.archlinux.org/task/22326</a>

blocks|key|386273|text|对于像您这样的单文件项目，另一种选择是使用pyximport。您不需要创建setup.py+...如果你使用IPython，你甚至不需要打开命令行...这一切都非常方便。在您的示例中，尝试在IPython或普通Python脚本中运行以下命令：|type|unstyled|depth|inlineStyleRanges|offset|length|style|CODE|entityRanges|data|386274|import+numpy
import+pyximport
pyximport.install(setup_args={"script_args":["--compiler=mingw32"],
++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++"include_dirs":numpy.get_include()},
++++++++++++++++++reload_support=True)

import+my_pyx_module

print+my_pyx_module.some_function(...)
...|code-block|syntax|javascript|386275|当然，您可能需要编辑编译器。这使得导入和重新加载.pyx文件的效果与.py文件的效果相同。|386276|来源：http://wiki.cython.org/InstallingOnWindows|386277|entityMap|0|LINK|mutability|MUTABLE|url|http://wiki.cython.org/InstallingOnWindows^0|L|9|11|8|0|0|O|4|Y|3|0|3|16|0|0^^$0|@$1|2|3|4|5|6|7|W|8|@$9|X|A|Y|B|C]|$9|Z|A|10|B|C]]|D|@]|E|$]]|$1|F|3|G|5|H|7|11|8|@]|D|@]|E|$I|J]]|$1|K|3|L|5|6|7|12|8|@$9|13|A|14|B|C]|$9|15|A|16|B|C]]|D|@]|E|$]]|$1|M|3|N|5|6|7|17|8|@]|D|@$9|18|A|19|1|1A]]|E|$]]|$1|O|3|-4|5|6|7|1B|8|@]|D|@]|E|$]]]|P|$Q|$5|R|S|T|E|$U|V]]]]

For a one-file project like yours, another alternative is to use <code>pyximport</code>. You don't need to create a <code>setup.py</code> ... you don't need to even open a command line if you use IPython ... it's all very convenient. In your case, try running these commands in IPython or in a normal Python script:

<pre><code>import numpy
import pyximport
pyximport.install(setup_args={"script_args":["--compiler=mingw32"],
 "include_dirs":numpy.get_include()},
 reload_support=True)

import my_pyx_module

print my_pyx_module.some_function(...)
...
</code></pre>

You may need to edit the compiler of course. This makes import and reload work the same for <code>.pyx</code> files as they work for <code>.py</code> files.

Source: <a href="http://wiki.cython.org/InstallingOnWindows" rel="noreferrer">http://wiki.cython.org/InstallingOnWindows</a>

blocks|key|386303|text|简单的答案|type|unstyled|depth|inlineStyleRanges|entityRanges|data|386304|一种更简单的方法是将路径添加到文件distutils.cfg。默认情况下，它代表Windows7的路径是C:\Python27\Lib\distutils\。您只需断言以下内容，它就会正常工作：|offset|length|style|CODE|386305|[build_ext]
include_dirs=+C:\Python27\Lib\site-packages\numpy\core\include|code-block|syntax|javascript|386306|整个配置文件|386307|为了给你一个配置文件的例子，我的整个文件是这样的：|386308|[build]
compiler+=+mingw32

[build_ext]
include_dirs=+C:\Python27\Lib\site-packages\numpy\core\include
compiler+=+mingw32|386309|entityMap^0|0|H|D|1G|Q|0|0|0|0|0^^$0|@$1|2|3|4|5|6|7|U|8|@]|9|@]|A|$]]|$1|B|3|C|5|6|7|V|8|@$D|W|E|X|F|G]|$D|Y|E|Z|F|G]]|9|@]|A|$]]|$1|H|3|I|5|J|7|10|8|@]|9|@]|A|$K|L]]|$1|M|3|N|5|6|7|11|8|@]|9|@]|A|$]]|$1|O|3|P|5|6|7|12|8|@]|9|@]|A|$]]|$1|Q|3|R|5|J|7|13|8|@]|9|@]|A|$K|L]]|$1|S|3|-4|5|6|7|14|8|@]|9|@]|A|$]]]|T|$]]

<h3>Simple answer</h3>

A way simpler way is to add the path to your file <code>distutils.cfg</code>. It's path behalf of Windows 7 is by default <code>C:\Python27\Lib\distutils\</code>. You just assert the following contents and it should work out:

<pre><code>[build_ext]
include_dirs= C:\Python27\Lib\site-packages\numpy\core\include
</code></pre>

<h3>Entire config file</h3>

To give you an example how the config file could look like, my entire file reads:

<pre><code>[build]
compiler = mingw32

[build_ext]
include_dirs= C:\Python27\Lib\site-packages\numpy\core\include
compiler = mingw32
</code></pre>

blocks|key|168282|text|它应该能够像前面提到的here那样在cythonize()函数中完成，但是它不工作，因为有一个known+issue|type|unstyled|depth|inlineStyleRanges|offset|length|style|CODE|entityRanges|data|168283|entityMap|0|LINK|mutability|MUTABLE|url|https://cython.readthedocs.io/en/latest/src/userguide/source_files_and_compilation.html#configuring-the-c-build|1|https://github.com/cython/cython/issues/1480^0|I|B|B|4|0|1B|B|1|0^^$0|@$1|2|3|4|5|6|7|P|8|@$9|Q|A|R|B|C]]|D|@$9|S|A|T|1|U]|$9|V|A|W|1|X]]|E|$]]|$1|F|3|-4|5|6|7|Y|8|@]|D|@]|E|$]]]|G|$H|$5|I|J|K|E|$L|M]]|N|$5|I|J|K|E|$L|O]]]]

It should be able to do it within <code>cythonize()</code> function as mentioned <a href="https://cython.readthedocs.io/en/latest/src/userguide/source_files_and_compilation.html#configuring-the-c-build" rel="nofollow noreferrer">here</a>, but it doesn't work beacuse there is a <a href="https://github.com/cython/cython/issues/1480" rel="nofollow noreferrer">known issue</a>

blocks|key|168331|text|如果您懒得编写安装文件并找出包含目录的路径，那么可以尝试cyper。它可以编译你的Cython代码，并自动为Numpy设置include_dirs。|type|unstyled|depth|inlineStyleRanges|offset|length|style|CODE|entityRanges|data|168332|将您的代码加载到一个字符串中，然后简单地运行cymodule+=+cyper.inline(code_string)，然后您的函数就可以作为cymodule.sparsemaker立即可用。像这样的东西|168333|code+=+open(your_pyx_file).read()
cymodule+=+cyper.inline(code)

cymodule.sparsemaker(...)
#+do+what+you+want+with+your+function|code-block|syntax|javascript|168334|您可以通过pip+install+cyper安装cyper。|168335|entityMap|0|LINK|mutability|MUTABLE|url|https://github.com/syrte/cyper^0|1P|C|S|5|0|0|M|10|1Y|K|0|0|5|H|0^^$0|@$1|2|3|4|5|6|7|W|8|@$9|X|A|Y|B|C]]|D|@$9|Z|A|10|1|11]]|E|$]]|$1|F|3|G|5|6|7|12|8|@$9|13|A|14|B|C]|$9|15|A|16|B|C]]|D|@]|E|$]]|$1|H|3|I|5|J|7|17|8|@]|D|@]|E|$K|L]]|$1|M|3|N|5|6|7|18|8|@$9|19|A|1A|B|C]]|D|@]|E|$]]|$1|O|3|-4|5|6|7|1B|8|@]|D|@]|E|$]]]|P|$Q|$5|R|S|T|E|$U|V]]]]

If you are too lazy to write setup files and figure out the path for include directories, 
try <a href="https://github.com/syrte/cyper" rel="nofollow noreferrer">cyper</a>. It can compile your Cython code and set <code>include_dirs</code> for Numpy automatically. 

Load your code into a string, then simply run <code>cymodule = cyper.inline(code_string)</code>, then your function is available as <code>cymodule.sparsemaker</code> instantaneously. Something like this

<pre><code>code = open(your_pyx_file).read()
cymodule = cyper.inline(code)

cymodule.sparsemaker(...)
# do what you want with your function
</code></pre>

You can install cyper via <code>pip install cyper</code>.

blocks|key|168375|text|根据this+answer，如果您在Linux上安装了numpy和pip，则需要手动设置指向/usr/include/numpy的符号链接。|type|unstyled|depth|inlineStyleRanges|offset|length|style|CODE|entityRanges|data|168376|在我的例子中，路径是：|168377|sudo+ln+-s+/usr/local/lib/python3.8/dist-packages/numpy/core/include/numpy/+/usr/include/numpy|code-block|syntax|javascript|168378|entityMap|0|LINK|mutability|MUTABLE|url|https://stackoverflow.com/questions/44888925/fatal-error-numpy-arrayobject-h-no-such-file-or-directory/44935933^0|R|5|X|3|1A|I|2|B|0|0|0|0^^$0|@$1|2|3|4|5|6|7|U|8|@$9|V|A|W|B|C]|$9|X|A|Y|B|C]|$9|Z|A|10|B|C]]|D|@$9|11|A|12|1|13]]|E|$]]|$1|F|3|G|5|6|7|14|8|@]|D|@]|E|$]]|$1|H|3|I|5|J|7|15|8|@]|D|@]|E|$K|L]]|$1|M|3|-4|5|6|7|16|8|@]|D|@]|E|$]]]|N|$O|$5|P|Q|R|E|$S|T]]]]

As per <a href="https://stackoverflow.com/questions/44888925/fatal-error-numpy-arrayobject-h-no-such-file-or-directory/44935933">this answer</a>, if you have installed <code>numpy</code> with <code>pip</code> on Linux, you will need to manually set a symbolic link to <code>/usr/include/numpy</code>
In my case the path is:
<pre><code>sudo ln -s /usr/local/lib/python3.8/dist-packages/numpy/core/include/numpy/ /usr/include/numpy
</code></pre>

blocks|key|168443|text|我在我运行的服务器上没有sudo特权，导出CFLAGS对我不起作用。为简单起见，我安装了Anaconda+(+https://docs.anaconda.com/anaconda/install/)，它创建指向其所有已安装包的链接，包括Numpy。您还可以安装miniconda并与环境配合使用，以避免使用太多空间。|type|unstyled|depth|inlineStyleRanges|entityRanges|offset|length|data|168444|entityMap|0|LINK|mutability|MUTABLE|url|https://docs.anaconda.com/anaconda/install/^0|1J|17|0|0^^$0|@$1|2|3|4|5|6|7|L|8|@]|9|@$A|M|B|N|1|O]]|C|$]]|$1|D|3|-4|5|6|7|P|8|@]|9|@]|C|$]]]|E|$F|$5|G|H|I|C|$J|K]]]]

I hadn't sudo privileges on the server I was running and export CFLAGS didn't work with me. For sake of simplicity, I've installed Anaconda (
<a href="https://docs.anaconda.com/anaconda/install/" rel="nofollow noreferrer">https://docs.anaconda.com/anaconda/install/</a>) which creates links to all its installed packages, including Numpy. You can also install miniconda and work with environments to avoid using too much space.

I'm trying to speed up the answer <a href="https://stackoverflow.com/a/14469557/1658908">here</a> using Cython. I try to compile the code (after doing the <code>cygwinccompiler.py</code> hack explained <a href="https://stackoverflow.com/questions/6034390/compiling-with-cython-and-mingw-produces-gcc-error-unrecognized-command-line-o/6035864#6035864">here</a>), but get a <code>fatal error: numpy/arrayobject.h: No such file or directory...compilation terminated</code> error. Can anyone tell me if it's a problem with my code, or some esoteric subtlety with Cython?

Below is my code. 

<pre><code>import numpy as np
import scipy as sp
cimport numpy as np
cimport cython

cdef inline np.ndarray[np.int, ndim=1] fbincount(np.ndarray[np.int_t, ndim=1] x):
 cdef int m = np.amax(x)+1
 cdef int n = x.size
 cdef unsigned int i
 cdef np.ndarray[np.int_t, ndim=1] c = np.zeros(m, dtype=np.int)

 for i in xrange(n):
 c[&lt;unsigned int&gt;x[i]] += 1

 return c

cdef packed struct Point:
 np.float64_t f0, f1

@cython.boundscheck(False)
def sparsemaker(np.ndarray[np.float_t, ndim=2] X not None,
 np.ndarray[np.float_t, ndim=2] Y not None,
 np.ndarray[np.float_t, ndim=2] Z not None):

 cdef np.ndarray[np.float64_t, ndim=1] counts, factor
 cdef np.ndarray[np.int_t, ndim=1] row, col, repeats
 cdef np.ndarray[Point] indices

 cdef int x_, y_

 _, row = np.unique(X, return_inverse=True); x_ = _.size
 _, col = np.unique(Y, return_inverse=True); y_ = _.size
 indices = np.rec.fromarrays([row,col])
 _, repeats = np.unique(indices, return_inverse=True)
 counts = 1. / fbincount(repeats)
 Z.flat *= counts.take(repeats)

 return sp.sparse.csr_matrix((Z.flat,(row,col)), shape=(x_, y_)).toarray()
</code></pre>

Cython: "fatal error: numpy/arrayobject.h: No such file or directory"

服务器

编译器

Python

Linux

我正在尝试使用Cython来加速回答。我尝试编译代码(在执行完解释为的cygwinccompiler.py黑客之后)，但得到一个fatal error: numpy/arrayobject.h: No such file or directory...compilation terminated错误。谁能告诉我这是我的...

问Cython：“致命错误: numpy/arrayobject.h:没有这样的文件或目录”
EN

社区

活动

资源

关于

腾讯云开发者

热门产品

热门推荐

更多推荐

问Cython：“致命错误: numpy/arrayobject.h:没有这样的文件或目录”EN

社区

活动

资源

关于

腾讯云开发者

热门产品

热门推荐

更多推荐

问Cython：“致命错误: numpy/arrayobject.h:没有这样的文件或目录”
EN