blocks|key|2982456|text|正如您所说，局部变量和引用存储在堆栈中。当一个方法返回时，堆栈指针被简单地移回到方法开始之前的位置，也就是说，所有的本地数据都被“从堆栈中移除”。因此，堆栈上不需要垃圾收集，这只在堆中发生。|type|unstyled|depth|inlineStyleRanges|entityRanges|data|2982457|要回答您的特定问题：|2982458|2982459|有关如何增加堆栈大小的信息，请参见this+question。|unordered-list-item|offset|length|2982460|您可以通过以下方式限制堆栈的增长：|2982461|将多个局部变量分组到一个对象中:该对象将存储在堆中，并且只有引用存储在堆栈中|2982462|限制嵌套函数调用的数量(通常不使用many|2982463|2982464|2982465|​|2982466|对于windows，32位的默认堆栈大小为320k，64位的默认堆栈大小为1024k，请参见this+link.+|2982467|2982468|2982469|entityMap|0|LINK|mutability|MUTABLE|url|https://stackoverflow.com/questions/3700459/how-to-increase-to-java-stack-size|1|http://www.oracle.com/technetwork/java/hotspotfaq-138619.html#threads_oom^0|0|0|0|H|D|0|0|1|1|1|0|0|0|1A|9|1|0|0|0^^$0|@$1|2|3|4|5|6|7|17|8|@]|9|@]|A|$]]|$1|B|3|C|5|6|7|18|8|@]|9|@]|A|$]]|$1|D|3|-4|5|6|7|19|8|@]|9|@]|A|$]]|$1|E|3|F|5|G|7|1A|8|@]|9|@$H|1B|I|1C|1|1D]]|A|$]]|$1|J|3|K|5|G|7|1E|8|@]|9|@]|A|$]]|$1|L|3|M|5|G|7|1F|8|@]|9|@]|A|$]]|$1|N|3|O|5|G|7|1G|8|@]|9|@]|A|$]]|$1|P|3|-4|5|6|7|1H|8|@]|9|@]|A|$]]|$1|Q|3|-4|5|6|7|1I|8|@]|9|@]|A|$]]|$1|R|3|S|5|6|7|1J|8|@]|9|@]|A|$]]|$1|T|3|U|5|6|7|1K|8|@]|9|@$H|1L|I|1M|1|1N]]|A|$]]|$1|V|3|-4|5|G|7|1O|8|@]|9|@]|A|$]]|$1|W|3|-4|5|6|7|1P|8|@]|9|@]|A|$]]|$1|X|3|-4|5|6|7|1Q|8|@]|9|@]|A|$]]]|Y|$Z|$5|10|11|12|A|$13|14]]|15|$5|10|11|12|A|$13|16]]]]

<p>As you say, local variables and references are stored on the stack. When a method returns, the stack pointer is simply moved back to where it was before the method started, that is, all local data is "removed from the stack". Therefore, there is no garbage collection needed on the stack, that only happens in the heap.</p>

<p>To answer your specific questions:</p>

<ul>
<li>See <a href="https://stackoverflow.com/questions/3700459/how-to-increase-to-java-stack-size">this question</a> on how to increase the stack size.</li>
<li>You can limit the stack growth by:

<ul>
<li>grouping many local variables in an object: that object will be stored in the heap and only the reference is stored on the stack</li>
<li>limit the number of nested function calls (typically by not using recursion)</li>
</ul></li>
<li>For windows, the default stack size is 320k for 32bit and 1024k for 64bit, see <a href="http://www.oracle.com/technetwork/java/hotspotfaq-138619.html#threads_oom" rel="noreferrer">this link</a>.</li>
</ul>


blocks|key|2769599|text|堆栈可以增长多少？|type|unstyled|depth|inlineStyleRanges|entityRanges|data|2769600|您可以使用名为ss的VM选项来调整最大堆栈大小。VM选项通常使用-X{+option+}传递。因此，您可以使用java+-Xss1M将堆栈大小的最大值设置为1M。|offset|length|style|CODE|2769601|每个线程至少有一个堆栈。一些Java虚拟机将Java堆栈(Java方法调用)和本机堆栈(VM中的本机方法调用)放在一个堆栈中，并使用称为M2nFrame的“托管到本机框架”执行堆栈展开。一些JVM分别保留两个堆栈。在大多数情况下，Xss设置Java+Stack的大小。|2769602|对于许多JVM，它们在不同的平台上设置不同的堆栈大小默认值。|2769603|2769604|我们能限制这种增长吗？|2769605|当发生方法调用时，将在该线程的堆栈上创建一个新的堆栈框架。堆栈将包含局部变量、参数、返回地址等。在Java中，您永远不能将对象放入堆栈，只能将对象引用存储在堆栈中。因为数组在Java中也是一个对象，所以数组也不存储在堆栈上。因此，如果您通过将本地原始变量和参数分组为对象来减少它们的数量，则可以减少堆栈上的空间。实际上，我们不能显式地将对象放在Java堆栈上的事实有时会影响性能(缓存未命中)。|2769606|2769607|堆栈是否有缺省的最小值或缺省的最大值？|2769608|正如我之前所说的，不同的VM是不同的，并且可能会随着版本的不同而变化。参见here。|2769609|2769610|堆栈上的垃圾收集是如何工作的？|2769611|Java中的垃圾回收是一个热门话题。垃圾收集旨在收集堆中无法访问的对象。因此，这需要一个“可达”的定义。堆栈上的所有内容都构成了GC中根集引用的一部分。从每个线程的每个堆栈可以访问的所有内容都应该被认为是活动的。还有一些其他的根集引用，比如Thread对象和一些类对象。|BOLD|2769612|这只是一个非常模糊的堆栈在GC上的用法。目前，大多数JVM都在使用分代GC。This+article对Java作了简要介绍。最近，我看到a+very+good+article在谈论.NET平台上的GC。Oracle+JVM上的GC非常相似，所以我认为这也可能对您有所帮助。|2769613|entityMap|0|LINK|mutability|MUTABLE|url|https://harmony.apache.org/subcomponents/drlvm/developers_guide.html#M2nFrame|1|http://docs.oracle.com/cd/E13150_01/jrockit_jvm/jrockit/jrdocs/refman/optionX.html#wp1024112|2|http://www.cubrid.org/blog/dev-platform/understanding-java-garbage-collection/|3|https://docs.microsoft.com/en-us/archive/blogs/abhinaba/back-to-basics-generational-garbage-collection^0|0|7|2|1J|B|0|37|3|1W|8|0|0|0|0|0|0|0|0|11|4|1|0|0|0|Q|1|0|12|C|2|1W|J|3|0^^$0|@$1|2|3|4|5|6|7|1H|8|@]|9|@]|A|$]]|$1|B|3|C|5|6|7|1I|8|@$D|1J|E|1K|F|G]|$D|1L|E|1M|F|G]]|9|@]|A|$]]|$1|H|3|I|5|6|7|1N|8|@$D|1O|E|1P|F|G]]|9|@$D|1Q|E|1R|1|1S]]|A|$]]|$1|J|3|K|5|6|7|1T|8|@]|9|@]|A|$]]|$1|L|3|-4|5|6|7|1U|8|@]|9|@]|A|$]]|$1|M|3|N|5|6|7|1V|8|@]|9|@]|A|$]]|$1|O|3|P|5|6|7|1W|8|@]|9|@]|A|$]]|$1|Q|3|-4|5|6|7|1X|8|@]|9|@]|A|$]]|$1|R|3|S|5|6|7|1Y|8|@]|9|@]|A|$]]|$1|T|3|U|5|6|7|1Z|8|@]|9|@$D|20|E|21|1|22]]|A|$]]|$1|V|3|-4|5|6|7|23|8|@]|9|@]|A|$]]|$1|W|3|X|5|6|7|24|8|@]|9|@]|A|$]]|$1|Y|3|Z|5|6|7|25|8|@$D|26|E|27|F|10]]|9|@]|A|$]]|$1|11|3|12|5|6|7|28|8|@]|9|@$D|29|E|2A|1|2B]|$D|2C|E|2D|1|2E]]|A|$]]|$1|13|3|-4|5|6|7|2F|8|@]|9|@]|A|$]]]|14|$15|$5|16|17|18|A|$19|1A]]|1B|$5|16|17|18|A|$19|1C]]|1D|$5|16|17|18|A|$19|1E]]|1F|$5|16|17|18|A|$19|1G]]]]

<h2>How much a stack can grow?</h2>
<p>You can use a VM option named <code>ss</code> to adjust the maximum stack size. A VM option is usually passed using -X{option}. So you can use <code>java -Xss1M</code> to set the maximum of stack size to 1M.</p>
<p>Each thread has at least one stack. Some Java Virtual Machines (JVM) put Java stack (Java method calls) and native stack (Native method calls in VM) into one stack, and perform stack unwinding using a &quot;Managed to Native Frame&quot;, known as <a href="https://harmony.apache.org/subcomponents/drlvm/developers_guide.html#M2nFrame" rel="nofollow noreferrer">M2nFrame</a>. Some JVMs keep two stacks separately. The <code>Xss</code> set the size of the Java Stack in most cases.</p>
<p>For many JVMs, they put different default values for stack size on different platforms.</p>
<hr />
<h2>Can we limit this growth?</h2>
<p>When a method call occurs, a new stack frame will be created on the stack of that thread. The stack will contain local variables, parameters, return address, etc. In Java, you can never put an object on stack, only object reference can be stored on stack. Since array is also an object in Java, arrays are also not stored on stack. So, if you reduce the amount of your local primitive variables, parameters by grouping them into objects, you can reduce the space on stack. Actually, the fact that we cannot explicitly put objects on Java stack affects the performance some time (cache miss).</p>
<hr />
<h2>Does stack has some default minimum value or default maximum value?</h2>
<p>As I said before, different VMs are different, and may change over versions. See <a href="http://docs.oracle.com/cd/E13150_01/jrockit_jvm/jrockit/jrdocs/refman/optionX.html#wp1024112" rel="nofollow noreferrer">here</a>.</p>
<hr />
<h2>How does garbage collection work on stack?</h2>
<p>Garbage collections in Java is a hot topic. Garbage collection aims to collect unreachable objects in the <strong>heap</strong>. So that needs a definition of 'reachable.' Everything on the stack constitutes part of the root set references in GC. Everything that is reachable from every stack of every thread should be considered as live. There are some other root set references, like Thread objects and some class objects.</p>
<p>This is only a very vague use of stack on GC. Currently most JVMs are using a generational GC. <a href="http://www.cubrid.org/blog/dev-platform/understanding-java-garbage-collection/" rel="nofollow noreferrer">This article</a> gives brief introduction about Java GC. And recently I read <a href="https://docs.microsoft.com/en-us/archive/blogs/abhinaba/back-to-basics-generational-garbage-collection" rel="nofollow noreferrer">a very good article</a> talking about the GC on .NET platform. The GC on Oracle JVM is quite similar so I think that might also help you.</p>


<p>I understand that each thread has its own <code>stack</code>. Primitive types and references are kept on the stack, and that no object is kept on the stack. </p>

<p>My questions are:</p>

<ul>
<li>How much can a stack grow? (like with the paramters -<code>Xms</code> and -<code>Xmx</code>)</li>
<li>Can we limit its growth? </li>
<li>Does the stack have a default minimum value and maximum value?</li>
<li>How does garbage collection work on the stack?</li>
</ul>


What is the default stack size, can it grow, how does it work with garbage collection?

虚拟机

Java

我知道每个线程都有自己的stack。基元类型和引用保留在堆栈上，没有对象保留在堆栈上。我的问题是：堆栈可以增长多少？(与参数-Xms和-Xmx)Can一样，我们限制其增长？堆栈是否有默认的最小值和最大值？垃圾收集在堆栈上是如何工作的？

问默认的堆栈大小是多少，它可以增长吗，它如何与垃圾收集一起工作？
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