blocks|key|3317639|text|shell中的魔法命令。完整的列表是用the+manual编写的，但我使用最多的是：|type|unstyled|depth|inlineStyleRanges|entityRanges|offset|length|data|3317640|3317641|f()+-忘记所有变量|unordered-list-item|3317642|f(X)-忘记X|3317643|v(42)+-调用第42行的结果|3317644|v(-1)-调用前一行的结果<|3317645|>H110e(-1)-重新执行上一行|3317646|rr(Foo)-从模块中读取记录定义-从每个subdirectory|3317647|rp(expression)中读取每个模块的记录定义-打印完整表达式，记录格式为|3317648|3317649|entityMap|0|LINK|mutability|MUTABLE|url|http://www.erlang.org/doc/man/shell.html^0|J|A|0|0|0|0|0|0|0|0|0|0|0^^$0|@$1|2|3|4|5|6|7|12|8|@]|9|@$A|13|B|14|1|15]]|C|$]]|$1|D|3|-4|5|6|7|16|8|@]|9|@]|C|$]]|$1|E|3|F|5|G|7|17|8|@]|9|@]|C|$]]|$1|H|3|I|5|G|7|18|8|@]|9|@]|C|$]]|$1|J|3|K|5|G|7|19|8|@]|9|@]|C|$]]|$1|L|3|M|5|G|7|1A|8|@]|9|@]|C|$]]|$1|N|3|O|5|6|7|1B|8|@]|9|@]|C|$]]|$1|P|3|Q|5|G|7|1C|8|@]|9|@]|C|$]]|$1|R|3|S|5|G|7|1D|8|@]|9|@]|C|$]]|$1|T|3|-4|5|6|7|1E|8|@]|9|@]|C|$]]|$1|U|3|-4|5|6|7|1F|8|@]|9|@]|C|$]]]|V|$W|$5|X|Y|Z|C|$10|11]]]]

The magic commands in the shell. The full list is in <a href="http://www.erlang.org/doc/man/shell.html" rel="nofollow noreferrer">the manual</a>, but the ones I use most are:

<ul>
<li>f() - forget all variables</li>
<li>f(X) - forget X</li>
<li>v(42) - recall result from line 42</li>
<li>v(-1) - recall result from previous line</li>
<li>e(-1) - reexecute expression on previous line</li>
<li>rr(foo) - read record definitions from module foo</li>
<li>rr("*/*") - read record definitions from every module in every subdirectory</li>
<li>rp(expression) - print full expression with record formating</li>
</ul>

blocks|key|338498|text|继承！http://www.erlang.se/euc/07/papers/1700Carlsson.pdf|type|unstyled|depth|inlineStyleRanges|entityRanges|offset|length|data|338499|父级|338500|-module(parent).
-export([foo/0,+bar/0]).

foo()+->
++++io:format("parent:foo/0+~n",+[]).

bar()+->
++++io:format("parent:bar/0+~n",+[]).|code-block|syntax|javascript|338501|孩子|338502|-module(child).
-extends(parent).
-export([foo/0]).

foo()+->
++++io:format("child:foo/0+~n",+[]).|338503|控制台|338504|23>+parent:foo().
parent:foo/0+
ok
24>+parent:bar().
parent:bar/0+
ok
25>+child:foo().
child:foo/0+
ok
26>+child:bar().
parent:bar/0+
ok|338505|entityMap|0|LINK|mutability|MUTABLE|url|http://www.erlang.se/euc/07/papers/1700Carlsson.pdf^0|3|1F|0|0|0|0|0|0|0|0^^$0|@$1|2|3|4|5|6|7|10|8|@]|9|@$A|11|B|12|1|13]]|C|$]]|$1|D|3|E|5|6|7|14|8|@]|9|@]|C|$]]|$1|F|3|G|5|H|7|15|8|@]|9|@]|C|$I|J]]|$1|K|3|L|5|6|7|16|8|@]|9|@]|C|$]]|$1|M|3|N|5|H|7|17|8|@]|9|@]|C|$I|J]]|$1|O|3|P|5|6|7|18|8|@]|9|@]|C|$]]|$1|Q|3|R|5|H|7|19|8|@]|9|@]|C|$I|J]]|$1|S|3|-4|5|6|7|1A|8|@]|9|@]|C|$]]]|T|$U|$5|V|W|X|C|$Y|Z]]]]

Inheritance! <a href="http://www.erlang.se/euc/07/papers/1700Carlsson.pdf" rel="nofollow noreferrer">http://www.erlang.se/euc/07/papers/1700Carlsson.pdf</a>

Parent

<pre><code>-module(parent).
-export([foo/0, bar/0]).

foo() -&gt;
 io:format("parent:foo/0 ~n", []).

bar() -&gt;
 io:format("parent:bar/0 ~n", []).
</code></pre>

Child

<pre><code>-module(child).
-extends(parent).
-export([foo/0]).

foo() -&gt;
 io:format("child:foo/0 ~n", []).
</code></pre>

Console

<pre><code>23&gt; parent:foo().
parent:foo/0 
ok
24&gt; parent:bar().
parent:bar/0 
ok
25&gt; child:foo().
child:foo/0 
ok
26&gt; child:bar().
parent:bar/0 
ok
</code></pre>

blocks|key|336047|text|参数化模块！来自http://www.lshift.net/blog/2008/05/18/late-binding-with-erlang和http://www.erlang.se/euc/07/papers/1700Carlsson.pdf|type|unstyled|depth|inlineStyleRanges|entityRanges|offset|length|data|336048|-module(myclass,+[Instvar1,+Instvar2]).
-export([getInstvar1/0,+getInstvar2/0]).
getInstvar1()+->+Instvar1.
getInstvar2()+->+Instvar2.|code-block|syntax|javascript|336049|和|336050|Eshell+V5.6++(abort+with+%5EG)
1>+Handle+=+myclass:new(123,+234).
{myclass,123,234}
2>+Handle:getInstvar1().
123
3>+Handle:getInstvar2().
234|336051|entityMap|0|LINK|mutability|MUTABLE|url|http://www.lshift.net/blog/2008/05/18/late-binding-with-erlang|1|http://www.erlang.se/euc/07/papers/1700Carlsson.pdf^0|8|1Q|0|1Z|1F|1|0|0|0|0^^$0|@$1|2|3|4|5|6|7|W|8|@]|9|@$A|X|B|Y|1|Z]|$A|10|B|11|1|12]]|C|$]]|$1|D|3|E|5|F|7|13|8|@]|9|@]|C|$G|H]]|$1|I|3|J|5|6|7|14|8|@]|9|@]|C|$]]|$1|K|3|L|5|F|7|15|8|@]|9|@]|C|$G|H]]|$1|M|3|-4|5|6|7|16|8|@]|9|@]|C|$]]]|N|$O|$5|P|Q|R|C|$S|T]]|U|$5|P|Q|R|C|$S|V]]]]

Parameterized Modules! From <a href="http://www.lshift.net/blog/2008/05/18/late-binding-with-erlang" rel="nofollow noreferrer">http://www.lshift.net/blog/2008/05/18/late-binding-with-erlang</a> and <a href="http://www.erlang.se/euc/07/papers/1700Carlsson.pdf" rel="nofollow noreferrer">http://www.erlang.se/euc/07/papers/1700Carlsson.pdf</a>

<pre><code>-module(myclass, [Instvar1, Instvar2]).
-export([getInstvar1/0, getInstvar2/0]).
getInstvar1() -&gt; Instvar1.
getInstvar2() -&gt; Instvar2.
</code></pre>

And

<pre><code>Eshell V5.6 (abort with ^G)
1&gt; Handle = myclass:new(123, 234).
{myclass,123,234}
2&gt; Handle:getInstvar1().
123
3&gt; Handle:getInstvar2().
234
</code></pre>

blocks|key|337415|text|user_default.erl+-您可以通过在您的路径中包含一个已编译的user_default.beam来构建您自己的shell内建，这可能非常好用|type|unstyled|depth|inlineStyleRanges|entityRanges|data|337416|entityMap^0|0^^$0|@$1|2|3|4|5|6|7|D|8|@]|9|@]|A|$]]|$1|B|3|-4|5|6|7|E|8|@]|9|@]|A|$]]]|C|$]]

user_default.erl - you can build your own shell builtins by having a compiled user_default.beam in your path which can be pretty nifty

blocks|key|3317684|text|beam_lib:chunks可以从使用debug编译的beam获得源代码，这是非常有用的|type|unstyled|depth|inlineStyleRanges|entityRanges|data|3317685|{ok,{_,[{abstract_code,{_,AC}}]}}+=+beam_lib:chunks(Beam,[abstract_code]).
++io:fwrite("~s~n",+[erl_prettypr:format(erl_syntax:form_list(AC))]).|code-block|syntax|javascript|3317686|entityMap^0|0|0^^$0|@$1|2|3|4|5|6|7|I|8|@]|9|@]|A|$]]|$1|B|3|C|5|D|7|J|8|@]|9|@]|A|$E|F]]|$1|G|3|-4|5|6|7|K|8|@]|9|@]|A|$]]]|H|$]]

beam_lib:chunks can get source code from a beam that was compiled with debug on which can be really usefull

<pre><code>{ok,{_,[{abstract_code,{_,AC}}]}} = beam_lib:chunks(Beam,[abstract_code]).
 io:fwrite("~s~n", [erl_prettypr:format(erl_syntax:form_list(AC))]).
</code></pre>

blocks|key|338603|text|端口，无论是外部端口还是链接端口，都接受名为io-list的东西来向其发送数据。io-list是范围为0..255的二进制或二进制或整数的列表(可能很深)。|type|unstyled|depth|inlineStyleRanges|entityRanges|data|338604|这意味着，在将两个列表发送到端口之前，可以将它们作为一个列表中的两个项目发送，而不是将它们连接在一起。因此，不是|338605|"foo"+%2B%2B+"bar"|code-block|syntax|javascript|338606|一件事|338607|["foo",+"bar"]|338608|在这个例子中，它当然是微不足道的。但是iolist本身允许在创建输出数据时进行方便的编程。例如，io_lib:format/2,3本身返回一个io列表。|338609|函数erlang:list_to_binary/1接受io列表，但现在我们有了更好地表达意图的erlang:iolist_to_binary/1。还有一个erlang:iolist_size/1。|338610|最好的，因为文件和套接字是作为端口实现的，所以您可以向它们发送iolist。不需要展平或附加。|offset|length|style|BOLD|338611|entityMap^0|0|0|0|0|0|0|0|0|3|0^^$0|@$1|2|3|4|5|6|7|Y|8|@]|9|@]|A|$]]|$1|B|3|C|5|6|7|Z|8|@]|9|@]|A|$]]|$1|D|3|E|5|F|7|10|8|@]|9|@]|A|$G|H]]|$1|I|3|J|5|6|7|11|8|@]|9|@]|A|$]]|$1|K|3|L|5|F|7|12|8|@]|9|@]|A|$G|H]]|$1|M|3|N|5|6|7|13|8|@]|9|@]|A|$]]|$1|O|3|P|5|6|7|14|8|@]|9|@]|A|$]]|$1|Q|3|R|5|6|7|15|8|@$S|16|T|17|U|V]]|9|@]|A|$]]|$1|W|3|-4|5|6|7|18|8|@]|9|@]|A|$]]]|X|$]]

Ports, external or linked-in, accept something called io-lists for sending data to them. An io-list is a binary or a (possibly deep) list of binaries or integers in the range 0..255.

This means that rather than concatenating two lists before sending them to a port, one can just send them as two items in a list. So instead of

<pre><code>"foo" ++ "bar"
</code></pre>

one do

<pre><code>["foo", "bar"]
</code></pre>

In this example it is of course of miniscule difference. But the iolist in itself allows for convenient programming when creating output data. io_lib:format/2,3 itself returns an io list for example.

The function erlang:list_to_binary/1 accepts io lists, but now we have erlang:iolist_to_binary/1 which convey the intention better. There is also an erlang:iolist_size/1.

Best of all, since files and sockets are implemented as ports, you can send iolists to them. No need to flatten or append.

blocks|key|337519|text|符合规范的可以使用ets:fun2ms(...)其中使用Erlang+fun语法并将其转换为具有解析转换的匹配规范。|type|unstyled|depth|inlineStyleRanges|entityRanges|data|337520|1>+ets:fun2ms(fun({Foo,+_,+Bar})+when+Foo+>+0+->+{Foo,+Bar}+end).
[{{'$1','_','$2'},[{'>','$1',0}],[{{'$1','$2'}}]}]|code-block|syntax|javascript|337521|因此，不会构建任何有趣的值，表达式在编译时将替换为match-spec。乐趣可能只会做匹配表达式可以做的事情。|337522|此外，ets:fun2ms可以在shell中使用，因此可以很容易地测试有趣的表达式。|337523|entityMap^0|0|0|0|0^^$0|@$1|2|3|4|5|6|7|M|8|@]|9|@]|A|$]]|$1|B|3|C|5|D|7|N|8|@]|9|@]|A|$E|F]]|$1|G|3|H|5|6|7|O|8|@]|9|@]|A|$]]|$1|I|3|J|5|6|7|P|8|@]|9|@]|A|$]]|$1|K|3|-4|5|6|7|Q|8|@]|9|@]|A|$]]]|L|$]]

That match specifications can be built using ets:fun2ms(...) where the Erlang fun syntax is used and translated into a match specification with a parse transform.

<pre><code>1&gt; ets:fun2ms(fun({Foo, _, Bar}) when Foo &gt; 0 -&gt; {Foo, Bar} end).
[{{'$1','_','$2'},[{'&gt;','$1',0}],[{{'$1','$2'}}]}]
</code></pre>

So no fun-value is ever built, the expression gets replaced with the match-spec at compile-time. The fun may only do things a match expression could do.

Also, ets:fun2ms is available for usage in the shell, so fun-expressions can be tested easily.

blocks|key|338487|text|.erlang_hosts提供了一种跨机器共享名称的好方法|type|unstyled|depth|inlineStyleRanges|entityRanges|data|338488|entityMap^0|0^^$0|@$1|2|3|4|5|6|7|D|8|@]|9|@]|A|$]]|$1|B|3|-4|5|6|7|E|8|@]|9|@]|A|$]]]|C|$]]

.erlang_hosts gives a nice way to share names across machines

blocks|key|3105153|text|不一定是“隐藏的”，但我并不经常看到这种情况。匿名函数可以有多个子句，就像模块函数一样。|type|unstyled|depth|inlineStyleRanges|entityRanges|data|3105154|-module(foo).
-compile(export_all).

foo(0)+->+"zero";
foo(1)+->+"one";
foo(_)+->+"many".

anon()+->
++++fun(0)+->
++++++++++++"zero";
+++++++(1)+->
++++++++++++"one";
+++++++(_)+->
++++++++++++"many"
++++end.


1>+foo:foo(0).
"zero"
2>+foo:foo(1).
"one"
3>+foo:foo(2).
"many"

4>+(foo:anon())(0).
"zero"
5>+(foo:anon())(1).
"one"
6>+(foo:anon())(2).
"many"|code-block|syntax|javascript|3105155|entityMap^0|0|0^^$0|@$1|2|3|4|5|6|7|I|8|@]|9|@]|A|$]]|$1|B|3|C|5|D|7|J|8|@]|9|@]|A|$E|F]]|$1|G|3|-4|5|6|7|K|8|@]|9|@]|A|$]]]|H|$]]

Not necessarily "hidden", but I don't see this often. Anonymous functions can have multiple clauses, just like module functions, i.e. 

<pre><code>-module(foo).
-compile(export_all).

foo(0) -&gt; "zero";
foo(1) -&gt; "one";
foo(_) -&gt; "many".

anon() -&gt;
 fun(0) -&gt;
 "zero";
 (1) -&gt;
 "one";
 (_) -&gt;
 "many"
 end.


1&gt; foo:foo(0).
"zero"
2&gt; foo:foo(1).
"one"
3&gt; foo:foo(2).
"many"

4&gt; (foo:anon())(0).
"zero"
5&gt; (foo:anon())(1).
"one"
6&gt; (foo:anon())(2).
"many"
</code></pre>

blocks|key|341057|text|gen___tcp和SSL套接字有一个{数据包，类型}套接字选项，以帮助解码许多协议。函数erlang:decode_packet/3很好地描述了各种Type值可以是什么以及它们能做什么。|type|unstyled|depth|inlineStyleRanges|entityRanges|offset|length|data|341058|连同{active，once}或{active，true}设置一起，每个分帧值将作为一条消息传送。|341059|示例:包http模式大量用于iserve，包fcgi模式用于ifastcgi。我可以想象许多其他的http服务器也使用包http。|341060|entityMap|0|LINK|mutability|MUTABLE|url|http://erlang.org/doc/man/erlang.html#decode_packet-3|1|http://frihjul.net/iserve|2|http://frihjul.net/ifastcgi^0|19|M|0|0|0|E|6|1|U|8|2|0^^$0|@$1|2|3|4|5|6|7|T|8|@]|9|@$A|U|B|V|1|W]]|C|$]]|$1|D|3|E|5|6|7|X|8|@]|9|@]|C|$]]|$1|F|3|G|5|6|7|Y|8|@]|9|@$A|Z|B|10|1|11]|$A|12|B|13|1|14]]|C|$]]|$1|H|3|-4|5|6|7|15|8|@]|9|@]|C|$]]]|I|$J|$5|K|L|M|C|$N|O]]|P|$5|K|L|M|C|$N|Q]]|R|$5|K|L|M|C|$N|S]]]]

The gen___tcp and ssl sockets have a {packet, Type} socket option to aid in decoding a number of protocols. The function <a href="http://erlang.org/doc/man/erlang.html#decode_packet-3" rel="nofollow noreferrer">erlang:decode_packet/3</a> has a good description on what the various Type values can be and what they do.

Together with a {active, once} or {active, true} setting, each framed value will be delivered as a single message.

Examples: the packet http mode is used heavily for <a href="http://frihjul.net/iserve" rel="nofollow noreferrer">iserve</a> and the packet fcgi mode for <a href="http://frihjul.net/ifastcgi" rel="nofollow noreferrer">ifastcgi</a>. I can imagine that many of the other http servers use packet http as well.

blocks|key|3104834|text|.erlang可以在shells启动时预加载库和运行命令，您还可以通过对节点名执行case语句来为特定节点执行特定命令。|type|unstyled|depth|inlineStyleRanges|entityRanges|data|3104835|entityMap^0|0^^$0|@$1|2|3|4|5|6|7|D|8|@]|9|@]|A|$]]|$1|B|3|-4|5|6|7|E|8|@]|9|@]|A|$]]]|C|$]]

.erlang can preload libraries and run commands on a shells startup, you can also do specific commands for specific nodes by doing a case statement on node name.

blocks|key|337625|text|如果要在列表理解中执行多个表达式，则可以使用块。例如：|type|unstyled|depth|inlineStyleRanges|entityRanges|data|337626|>+[begin+erlang:display(N),+N*10+end+%7C%7C+N+<-+lists:seq(1,3)].
1
2
3
[10,20,30]|code-block|syntax|javascript|337627|entityMap^0|0|0^^$0|@$1|2|3|4|5|6|7|I|8|@]|9|@]|A|$]]|$1|B|3|C|5|D|7|J|8|@]|9|@]|A|$E|F]]|$1|G|3|-4|5|6|7|K|8|@]|9|@]|A|$]]]|H|$]]

If you want to execute more than one expression in a list comprehension, you can use a block. For example:

<pre><code>&gt; [begin erlang:display(N), N*10 end || N &lt;- lists:seq(1,3)].
1
2
3
[10,20,30]
</code></pre>

blocks|key|3317818|text|可以为QLC定义自己的迭代器来使用。例如，SQL查询的结果集可以放入QLC表中，从而受益于QLC查询的特性。|type|unstyled|depth|inlineStyleRanges|entityRanges|data|3317819|除了记忆表之外，dets和ets还有table/1,2函数为它们返回这样的“查询句柄”。|3317820|entityMap^0|0|0^^$0|@$1|2|3|4|5|6|7|F|8|@]|9|@]|A|$]]|$1|B|3|C|5|6|7|G|8|@]|9|@]|A|$]]|$1|D|3|-4|5|6|7|H|8|@]|9|@]|A|$]]]|E|$]]

It is possible to define your own iterator for QLC to use. For example, a result set from an SQL query could be made into a QLC table, and thus benefit from the features of QLC queries.

Besides mnesia tables, dets and ets have the table/1,2 functions to return such a "Query Handle" for them.

blocks|key|341112|text|当选择Erlang作为开发平台时，不是很隐蔽，但却是最重要的方面之一：|type|unstyled|depth|inlineStyleRanges|entityRanges|data|341113|341114|在实时节点(服务中)上增强跟踪的可能性，并且是最好的调试工具之一！|unordered-list-item|341115|341116|entityMap^0|0|0|0|0^^$0|@$1|2|3|4|5|6|7|I|8|@]|9|@]|A|$]]|$1|B|3|-4|5|6|7|J|8|@]|9|@]|A|$]]|$1|C|3|D|5|E|7|K|8|@]|9|@]|A|$]]|$1|F|3|-4|5|6|7|L|8|@]|9|@]|A|$]]|$1|G|3|-4|5|6|7|M|8|@]|9|@]|A|$]]]|H|$]]

Not so hidden, but one of the most important aspects, when chosing Erlang as platform for development:

<ul>
<li>Possibility of enhanced tracing on live nodes (in-service) and being one of the best in debugging!</li>
</ul>

blocks|key|336167|text|您可以通过以下命令开始隐藏Erlang节点：|type|unstyled|depth|inlineStyleRanges|offset|length|style|BOLD|entityRanges|data|336168|erl+-sname+foo+-hidden|code-block|syntax|javascript|336169|您仍然可以连接到该节点，但它不会出现在nodes/0返回的列表中。|CODE|336170|entityMap^0|B|A|0|0|J|7|0^^$0|@$1|2|3|4|5|6|7|P|8|@$9|Q|A|R|B|C]]|D|@]|E|$]]|$1|F|3|G|5|H|7|S|8|@]|D|@]|E|$I|J]]|$1|K|3|L|5|6|7|T|8|@$9|U|A|V|B|M]]|D|@]|E|$]]|$1|N|3|-4|5|6|7|W|8|@]|D|@]|E|$]]]|O|$]]

You can hide an Erlang node by starting it with:

<pre><code>erl -sname foo -hidden
</code></pre>

You can still connect to the node, but it won't appear in the list returned by <code>nodes/0</code>.

blocks|key|3317943|text|与追加运算符匹配：|type|unstyled|depth|inlineStyleRanges|entityRanges|data|3317944|"pajamas:"+%2B%2B+Color+=+"pajamas:blue"|offset|length|style|CODE|3317945|颜色现在的值是“蓝色”。请注意，这个技巧有它的局限性-据我所知，它只适用于上面给出的顺序中的单个变量和单个常量。|3317946|entityMap^0|0|0|10|0|0^^$0|@$1|2|3|4|5|6|7|L|8|@]|9|@]|A|$]]|$1|B|3|C|5|6|7|M|8|@$D|N|E|O|F|G]]|9|@]|A|$]]|$1|H|3|I|5|6|7|P|8|@]|9|@]|A|$]]|$1|J|3|-4|5|6|7|Q|8|@]|9|@]|A|$]]]|K|$]]

Matching with the append operator:

<code>"pajamas:" ++ Color = "pajamas:blue"</code>

Color now has the value "blue". Be aware that this trick has it’s limitations - as far as I know it only works with a single variable and a single constant in the order given above.

blocks|key|3104712|text|来自维基的Hot+code+loading.。|type|unstyled|depth|inlineStyleRanges|entityRanges|offset|length|data|3104713|3104714|代码是作为“模块”单元加载和管理的，模块是一个编译单元。系统可以同时在内存中保留模块的两个版本，并且进程可以同时运行每个版本的代码。|blockquote|3104715|3104716|这些版本指的是“新”版本和“旧”版本。在对其模块进行外部调用之前，进程不会移动到新版本。|3104717|entityMap|0|LINK|mutability|MUTABLE|url|http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Erlang_(programming_language)#Hot_code_loading_and_modules^0|5|H|0|0|0|0|0|0^^$0|@$1|2|3|4|5|6|7|S|8|@]|9|@$A|T|B|U|1|V]]|C|$]]|$1|D|3|-4|5|6|7|W|8|@]|9|@]|C|$]]|$1|E|3|F|5|G|7|X|8|@]|9|@]|C|$]]|$1|H|3|-4|5|6|7|Y|8|@]|9|@]|C|$]]|$1|I|3|J|5|6|7|Z|8|@]|9|@]|C|$]]|$1|K|3|-4|5|6|7|10|8|@]|9|@]|C|$]]]|L|$M|$5|N|O|P|C|$Q|R]]]]

<a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Erlang_(programming_language)#Hot_code_loading_and_modules" rel="nofollow noreferrer">Hot code loading.</a> From wiki.
<blockquote>
Code is loaded and managed as &quot;module&quot; units, the module is a compilation unit. The system can keep two versions of a module in memory at the same time, and processes can concurrently run code from each.
The versions are referred to the &quot;new&quot; and the &quot;old&quot; version. A process will not move into the new version until it makes an external call to its module.
</blockquote>

In the spirit of:

<ul>
<li>Hidden Features of C#</li>
<li>Hidden Features of Java</li>
<li>Hidden Features of ASP.NET</li>
<li>Hidden Features of Python</li>
<li>Hidden Features of HTML</li>
<li>and other Hidden Features questions</li>
</ul>

What are the hidden features of Erlang that every Erlang developer should be aware of?

One hidden feature per answer, please.

Hidden Features of Erlang

服务器

Erlang

本着以下精神：的隐藏功能C#的隐藏功能的隐藏功能ASP.NET的隐藏功能HTML的隐藏功能和其他隐藏功能问题每个Erlang开发人员都应该知道Erlang的隐藏功能是什么？请为每个答案提供一个隐藏功能。

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