blocks|key|961090|text|您可以接收pre_delete或post_delete信号(参见下面@toto_tico的注释)，并在FileField对象上调用delete()方法，因此(在models.py中)：|type|unstyled|depth|inlineStyleRanges|offset|length|style|CODE|entityRanges|data|961091|class+MyModel(models.Model):
++++file+=+models.FileField()
++++...

#+Receive+the+pre_delete+signal+and+delete+the+file+associated+with+the+model+instance.
from+django.db.models.signals+import+pre_delete
from+django.dispatch.dispatcher+import+receiver

@receiver(pre_delete,+sender=MyModel)
def+mymodel_delete(sender,+instance,+**kwargs):
++++#+Pass+false+so+FileField+doesn't+save+the+model.
++++instance.file.delete(False)|code-block|syntax|javascript|961092|entityMap|0|LINK|mutability|MUTABLE|url|https://docs.djangoproject.com/en/1.11/ref/models/fields/#django.db.models.fields.files.FieldFile.delete^0|5|A|G|B|1T|8|0|0|0^^$0|@$1|2|3|4|5|6|7|S|8|@$9|T|A|U|B|C]|$9|V|A|W|B|C]]|D|@$9|X|A|Y|1|Z]]|E|$]]|$1|F|3|G|5|H|7|10|8|@]|D|@]|E|$I|J]]|$1|K|3|-4|5|6|7|11|8|@]|D|@]|E|$]]]|L|$M|$5|N|O|P|E|$Q|R]]]]

You can receive the <code>pre_delete</code> or <code>post_delete</code> signal (see @toto_tico's comment below) and call the <a href="https://docs.djangoproject.com/en/1.11/ref/models/fields/#django.db.models.fields.files.FieldFile.delete" rel="noreferrer">delete()</a> method on the FileField object, thus (in models.py):

<pre><code>class MyModel(models.Model):
 file = models.FileField()
 ...

# Receive the pre_delete signal and delete the file associated with the model instance.
from django.db.models.signals import pre_delete
from django.dispatch.dispatcher import receiver

@receiver(pre_delete, sender=MyModel)
def mymodel_delete(sender, instance, **kwargs):
 # Pass false so FileField doesn't save the model.
 instance.file.delete(False)
</code></pre>

blocks|key|961269|text|试试django-cleanup|type|unstyled|depth|inlineStyleRanges|entityRanges|offset|length|data|961270|pip+install+django-cleanup|code-block|syntax|javascript|961271|settings.py|961272|INSTALLED_APPS+=+(
++++...
++++'django_cleanup.apps.CleanupConfig',
)|961273|entityMap|0|LINK|mutability|MUTABLE|url|https://github.com/un1t/django-cleanup^0|2|E|0|0|0|0|0^^$0|@$1|2|3|4|5|6|7|U|8|@]|9|@$A|V|B|W|1|X]]|C|$]]|$1|D|3|E|5|F|7|Y|8|@]|9|@]|C|$G|H]]|$1|I|3|J|5|6|7|Z|8|@]|9|@]|C|$]]|$1|K|3|L|5|F|7|10|8|@]|9|@]|C|$G|H]]|$1|M|3|-4|5|6|7|11|8|@]|9|@]|C|$]]]|N|$O|$5|P|Q|R|C|$S|T]]]]

Try <a href="https://github.com/un1t/django-cleanup" rel="nofollow noreferrer">django-cleanup</a>
<pre><code>pip install django-cleanup
</code></pre>
settings.py
<pre><code>INSTALLED_APPS = (
 ...
 'django_cleanup.apps.CleanupConfig',
)
</code></pre>

blocks|key|961153|text|Django+1.5解决方案:我使用post_delete的原因多种多样，而这些都是我的应用程序内部的原因。|type|unstyled|depth|inlineStyleRanges|entityRanges|data|961154|from+django.db.models.signals+import+post_delete
from+django.dispatch+import+receiver

@receiver(post_delete,+sender=Photo)
def+photo_post_delete_handler(sender,+**kwargs):
++++photo+=+kwargs['instance']
++++storage,+path+=+photo.original_image.storage,+photo.original_image.path
++++storage.delete(path)|code-block|syntax|javascript|961155|我把这个放在models.py文件的底部。|961156|original_image字段是我的Photo模型中的ImageField。|offset|length|style|CODE|961157|entityMap^0|0|0|0|0|E|J|5|S|A|0^^$0|@$1|2|3|4|5|6|7|Q|8|@]|9|@]|A|$]]|$1|B|3|C|5|D|7|R|8|@]|9|@]|A|$E|F]]|$1|G|3|H|5|6|7|S|8|@]|9|@]|A|$]]|$1|I|3|J|5|6|7|T|8|@$K|U|L|V|M|N]|$K|W|L|X|M|N]|$K|Y|L|Z|M|N]]|9|@]|A|$]]|$1|O|3|-4|5|6|7|10|8|@]|9|@]|A|$]]]|P|$]]

Django 1.5 solution: I use post_delete for various reasons that are internal to my app.

<pre><code>from django.db.models.signals import post_delete
from django.dispatch import receiver

@receiver(post_delete, sender=Photo)
def photo_post_delete_handler(sender, **kwargs):
 photo = kwargs['instance']
 storage, path = photo.original_image.storage, photo.original_image.path
 storage.delete(path)
</code></pre>

I stuck this at the bottom of the models.py file.

the <code>original_image</code> field is the <code>ImageField</code> in my <code>Photo</code> model.

blocks|key|961032|text|这段代码在Django+1.4和Admin面板上运行得很好。|type|unstyled|depth|inlineStyleRanges|entityRanges|data|961033|class+ImageModel(models.Model):
++++image+=+ImageField(...)

++++def+delete(self,+*args,+**kwargs):
++++++++#+You+have+to+prepare+what+you+need+before+delete+the+model
++++++++storage,+path+=+self.image.storage,+self.image.path
++++++++#+Delete+the+model+before+the+file
++++++++super(ImageModel,+self).delete(*args,+**kwargs)
++++++++#+Delete+the+file+after+the+model
++++++++storage.delete(path)|code-block|syntax|javascript|961034|在删除模型之前获取存储和路径是很重要的，否则删除后的模型也将保持为空。|961035|entityMap^0|0|0|0^^$0|@$1|2|3|4|5|6|7|K|8|@]|9|@]|A|$]]|$1|B|3|C|5|D|7|L|8|@]|9|@]|A|$E|F]]|$1|G|3|H|5|6|7|M|8|@]|9|@]|A|$]]|$1|I|3|-4|5|6|7|N|8|@]|9|@]|A|$]]]|J|$]]

This code runs well on Django 1.4 also with the Admin panel.

<pre><code>class ImageModel(models.Model):
 image = ImageField(...)

 def delete(self, *args, **kwargs):
 # You have to prepare what you need before delete the model
 storage, path = self.image.storage, self.image.path
 # Delete the model before the file
 super(ImageModel, self).delete(*args, **kwargs)
 # Delete the file after the model
 storage.delete(path)
</code></pre>

It's important to get the storage and the path before delete the model or the latter will persist void also if deleted.

blocks|key|961002|text|您可以考虑使用pre_delete或post_delete信号：|type|unstyled|depth|inlineStyleRanges|entityRanges|data|961003|https://docs.djangoproject.com/en/dev/topics/signals/|offset|length|961004|当然，删除FileField自动删除的相同原因也适用于此。如果您删除了在其他地方引用的文件，您将遇到问题。|961005|在我的例子中，这似乎是合适的，因为我有一个专用的文件模型来管理我的所有文件。|961006|注意:由于某些原因，post_delete似乎不能正常工作。文件被删除了，但数据库记录保留了下来，这与我的预期完全相反，即使在错误条件下也是如此。不过，pre_delete运行得很好。|961007|entityMap|0|LINK|mutability|MUTABLE|url^0|0|0|1H|0|0|0|0|0^^$0|@$1|2|3|4|5|6|7|S|8|@]|9|@]|A|$]]|$1|B|3|C|5|6|7|T|8|@]|9|@$D|U|E|V|1|W]]|A|$]]|$1|F|3|G|5|6|7|X|8|@]|9|@]|A|$]]|$1|H|3|I|5|6|7|Y|8|@]|9|@]|A|$]]|$1|J|3|K|5|6|7|Z|8|@]|9|@]|A|$]]|$1|L|3|-4|5|6|7|10|8|@]|9|@]|A|$]]]|M|$N|$5|O|P|Q|A|$R|C]]]]

You may consider using a pre_delete or post_delete signal:

<a href="https://docs.djangoproject.com/en/dev/topics/signals/">https://docs.djangoproject.com/en/dev/topics/signals/</a>

Of course, the same reasons that FileField automatic deletion was removed also apply here. If you delete a file that is referenced somewhere else you will have problems.

In my case this seemed appropriate because I had a dedicated File model to manage all of my files.

Note: For some reason post_delete doesn't seem to work right. The file got deleted, but the database record stayed, which is completely the opposite of what I would expect, even under error conditions. pre_delete works fine though.

blocks|key|961193|text|也许现在有点晚了。但对我来说，最简单的方法是使用post_save信号。请记住，即使在QuerySet删除过程中也会执行信号，但在QuerySet删除过程中不会执行model.delete()方法，因此覆盖它不是最佳选择。|type|unstyled|depth|inlineStyleRanges|entityRanges|data|961194|core/models.py：|961195|from+django.db+import+models
from+django.db.models.signals+import+post_delete
from+core.signals+import+delete_image_slide
SLIDE1_IMGS+=+'slide1_imgs/'

class+Slide1(models.Model):
++++title+=+models.CharField(max_length+=+200)
++++description+=+models.CharField(max_length+=+200)
++++image+=+models.ImageField(upload_to+=+SLIDE1_IMGS,+null+=+True,+blank+=+True)
++++video_embed+=+models.TextField(null+=+True,+blank+=+True)
++++enabled+=+models.BooleanField(default+=+True)

"""----------------------------+SLIDE+1+-------------------------------------"""
post_delete.connect(delete_image_slide,+Slide1)
"""--------------------------------------------------------------------------"""|code-block|syntax|javascript|961196|core/signals.py|961197|import+os

def+delete_image_slide(sender,+**kwargs):
++++slide+=+kwargs.get('instance')
++++try:
++++++++os.remove(slide.image.path)
++++except:
++++++++pass|961198|entityMap^0|0|0|0|0|0^^$0|@$1|2|3|4|5|6|7|O|8|@]|9|@]|A|$]]|$1|B|3|C|5|6|7|P|8|@]|9|@]|A|$]]|$1|D|3|E|5|F|7|Q|8|@]|9|@]|A|$G|H]]|$1|I|3|J|5|6|7|R|8|@]|9|@]|A|$]]|$1|K|3|L|5|F|7|S|8|@]|9|@]|A|$G|H]]|$1|M|3|-4|5|6|7|T|8|@]|9|@]|A|$]]]|N|$]]

Maybe it's a little late. But the easiest way for me is to use a post_save signal. Just to remember that signals are excecuted even during a QuerySet delete process, but the [model].delete() method is not excecuted during the QuerySet delete process, so it's not the best option to override it.

core/models.py:

<pre><code>from django.db import models
from django.db.models.signals import post_delete
from core.signals import delete_image_slide
SLIDE1_IMGS = 'slide1_imgs/'

class Slide1(models.Model):
 title = models.CharField(max_length = 200)
 description = models.CharField(max_length = 200)
 image = models.ImageField(upload_to = SLIDE1_IMGS, null = True, blank = True)
 video_embed = models.TextField(null = True, blank = True)
 enabled = models.BooleanField(default = True)

"""---------------------------- SLIDE 1 -------------------------------------"""
post_delete.connect(delete_image_slide, Slide1)
"""--------------------------------------------------------------------------"""
</code></pre>

core/signals.py

<pre><code>import os

def delete_image_slide(sender, **kwargs):
 slide = kwargs.get('instance')
 try:
 os.remove(slide.image.path)
 except:
 pass
</code></pre>

blocks|key|744967|text|这个功能将在Django+1.3中删除，所以我不会依赖它。|type|unstyled|depth|inlineStyleRanges|entityRanges|data|744968|您可以覆盖相关模型的delete方法，以便在从数据库中完全删除条目之前删除该文件。|offset|length|style|CODE|744969|编辑：|744970|这里有一个简单的例子。|744971|class+MyModel(models.Model):

++++self.somefile+=+models.FileField(...)

++++def+delete(self,+*args,+**kwargs):
++++++++somefile.delete()

++++++++super(MyModel,+self).delete(*args,+**kwargs)|code-block|syntax|javascript|744972|entityMap^0|0|A|6|0|0|0|0^^$0|@$1|2|3|4|5|6|7|S|8|@]|9|@]|A|$]]|$1|B|3|C|5|6|7|T|8|@$D|U|E|V|F|G]]|9|@]|A|$]]|$1|H|3|I|5|6|7|W|8|@]|9|@]|A|$]]|$1|J|3|K|5|6|7|X|8|@]|9|@]|A|$]]|$1|L|3|M|5|N|7|Y|8|@]|9|@]|A|$O|P]]|$1|Q|3|-4|5|6|7|Z|8|@]|9|@]|A|$]]]|R|$]]

This functionality will be removed in Django 1.3 so I wouldn't rely on it. 

You could override the <code>delete</code> method of the model in question to delete the file before removing the entry from the database completely.

Edit:

Here is a quick example.

<pre><code>class MyModel(models.Model):

 self.somefile = models.FileField(...)

 def delete(self, *args, **kwargs):
 somefile.delete()

 super(MyModel, self).delete(*args, **kwargs)
</code></pre>

blocks|key|745299|text|使用post_delete肯定是正确的方法。但有时事情可能会出错，文件不会被删除。当然也有这样的情况，你有一堆在使用post_delete之前没有被删除的旧文件。我创建了一个函数来删除对象的文件，如果对象引用的文件不存在，则删除对象，如果文件没有对象，则也删除，也可以根据对象的"active“标志删除。这是我在大多数模型中添加的东西。您必须向它传递要检查的对象、对象文件的路径、文件字段和删除非活动对象的标志：|type|unstyled|depth|inlineStyleRanges|entityRanges|data|745300|def+cleanup_model_objects(m_objects,+model_path,+file_field='image',+clear_inactive=False):
++++#+PART+1+-------------------------+INVALID+OBJECTS
++++#Creates+photo_file+list+based+on+photo+path,+takes+all+files+there
++++model_path_list+=+os.listdir(model_path)

++++#Gets+photo+image+path+for+each+photo+object
++++model_files+=+list()
++++invalid_files+=+list()
++++valid_files+=+list()
++++for+obj+in+m_objects:

++++++++exec("f+=+ntpath.basename(obj."+%2B+file_field+%2B+".path)")++#+select+the+appropriate+file/image+field

++++++++model_files.append(f)++#+Checks+for+valid+and+invalid+objects+(using+file+path)
++++++++if+f+not+in+model_path_list:
++++++++++++invalid_files.append(f)
++++++++++++obj.delete()
++++++++else:
++++++++++++valid_files.append(f)

++++print+"Total+objects",+len(model_files)
++++print+"Valid+objects:",+len(valid_files)
++++print+"Objects+without+file+deleted:",+len(invalid_files)

++++#+PART+2+-------------------------+INVALID+FILES
++++print+"Files+in+model+file+path:",+len(model_path_list)

++++#Checks+for+valid+and+invalid+files
++++invalid_files+=+list()
++++valid_files+=+list()
++++for+f+in+model_path_list:
++++++++if+f+not+in+model_files:
++++++++++++invalid_files.append(f)
++++++++else:
++++++++++++valid_files.append(f)
++++print+"Valid+files:",+len(valid_files)
++++print+"Files+without+model+object+to+delete:",+len(invalid_files)

++++for+f+in+invalid_files:
++++++++os.unlink(os.path.join(model_path,+f))

++++#+PART+3+-------------------------+INACTIVE+PHOTOS
++++if+clear_inactive:
++++++++#inactive_photos+=+Photo.objects.filter(active=False)
++++++++inactive_objects+=+m_objects.filter(active=False)
++++++++print+"Inactive+Objects+to+Delete:",+inactive_objects.count()
++++++++for+obj+in+inactive_objects:
++++++++++++obj.delete()
++++print+"Done+cleaning+model."|code-block|syntax|javascript|745301|您可以这样使用：|745302|photos+=+Photo.objects.all()
photos_path,+tail+=+ntpath.split(photos[0].image.path)++#+Gets+dir+of+photos+path,+this+may+be+different+for+you
print+"Photos+-------------->"
cleanup_model_objects(photos,+photos_path,+file_field='image',+clear_inactive=False)++#+image+file+is+default|745303|entityMap^0|0|0|0|0^^$0|@$1|2|3|4|5|6|7|M|8|@]|9|@]|A|$]]|$1|B|3|C|5|D|7|N|8|@]|9|@]|A|$E|F]]|$1|G|3|H|5|6|7|O|8|@]|9|@]|A|$]]|$1|I|3|J|5|D|7|P|8|@]|9|@]|A|$E|F]]|$1|K|3|-4|5|6|7|Q|8|@]|9|@]|A|$]]]|L|$]]

Using the post_delete is for sure the right way to go. Sometimes though things can go wrong, and files don't get deleted. There is of course the case that you have a bunch of old files that weren't deleted before post_delete was used. I created a function that deletes files for objects based on if the file the object references does not exist then delete object, if the file does not have an object, then also delete, also it can delete based on an "active" flag for an object.. Something I added to most of my models. You have to pass it the objects you want to check, the path to the objects files, the file field and a flag to delete inactive objects:

<pre><code>def cleanup_model_objects(m_objects, model_path, file_field='image', clear_inactive=False):
 # PART 1 ------------------------- INVALID OBJECTS
 #Creates photo_file list based on photo path, takes all files there
 model_path_list = os.listdir(model_path)

 #Gets photo image path for each photo object
 model_files = list()
 invalid_files = list()
 valid_files = list()
 for obj in m_objects:

 exec("f = ntpath.basename(obj." + file_field + ".path)") # select the appropriate file/image field

 model_files.append(f) # Checks for valid and invalid objects (using file path)
 if f not in model_path_list:
 invalid_files.append(f)
 obj.delete()
 else:
 valid_files.append(f)

 print "Total objects", len(model_files)
 print "Valid objects:", len(valid_files)
 print "Objects without file deleted:", len(invalid_files)

 # PART 2 ------------------------- INVALID FILES
 print "Files in model file path:", len(model_path_list)

 #Checks for valid and invalid files
 invalid_files = list()
 valid_files = list()
 for f in model_path_list:
 if f not in model_files:
 invalid_files.append(f)
 else:
 valid_files.append(f)
 print "Valid files:", len(valid_files)
 print "Files without model object to delete:", len(invalid_files)

 for f in invalid_files:
 os.unlink(os.path.join(model_path, f))

 # PART 3 ------------------------- INACTIVE PHOTOS
 if clear_inactive:
 #inactive_photos = Photo.objects.filter(active=False)
 inactive_objects = m_objects.filter(active=False)
 print "Inactive Objects to Delete:", inactive_objects.count()
 for obj in inactive_objects:
 obj.delete()
 print "Done cleaning model."
</code></pre>

This is how you can use this:

<pre><code>photos = Photo.objects.all()
photos_path, tail = ntpath.split(photos[0].image.path) # Gets dir of photos path, this may be different for you
print "Photos --------------&gt;"
cleanup_model_objects(photos, photos_path, file_field='image', clear_inactive=False) # image file is default
</code></pre>

blocks|key|745383|text|如果您的项目中已经有许多未使用的文件，并且想要删除它们，您可以使用django实用程序django-unused-media|type|unstyled|depth|inlineStyleRanges|entityRanges|offset|length|data|745384|entityMap|0|LINK|mutability|MUTABLE|url|https://github.com/akolpakov/django-unused-media^0|17|J|0|0^^$0|@$1|2|3|4|5|6|7|L|8|@]|9|@$A|M|B|N|1|O]]|C|$]]|$1|D|3|-4|5|6|7|P|8|@]|9|@]|C|$]]]|E|$F|$5|G|H|I|C|$J|K]]]]

If you already have number of unused files in your project and want to delete them, you can use django utility <a href="https://github.com/akolpakov/django-unused-media" rel="nofollow noreferrer">django-unused-media</a>

blocks|key|961125|text|我可能有一个特殊的情况，因为我在我的文件字段上使用了带有动态目录名的upload_to选项，但我找到的解决方案是使用os.rmdir。|type|unstyled|depth|inlineStyleRanges|entityRanges|data|961126|在模型中：|961127|import+os|code-block|syntax|javascript|961128|..。|961129|class+Some_Model(models.Model):
+++++save_path+=+models.CharField(max_length=50)
+++++...
+++++def+delete(self,+*args,**kwargs):
++++++++++os.rmdir(os.path.join(settings.MEDIA_ROOT,+self.save_path)
++++++++++super(Some_Model,self).delete(*args,+**kwargs)|961130|entityMap^0|0|0|0|0|0^^$0|@$1|2|3|4|5|6|7|O|8|@]|9|@]|A|$]]|$1|B|3|C|5|6|7|P|8|@]|9|@]|A|$]]|$1|D|3|E|5|F|7|Q|8|@]|9|@]|A|$G|H]]|$1|I|3|J|5|6|7|R|8|@]|9|@]|A|$]]|$1|K|3|L|5|F|7|S|8|@]|9|@]|A|$G|H]]|$1|M|3|-4|5|6|7|T|8|@]|9|@]|A|$]]]|N|$]]

I may have a special case since I am using the upload_to option on my file field with dynamic directory names but the solution I found was to use os.rmdir.

In models:

<pre><code>import os
</code></pre>

...

<pre><code>class Some_Model(models.Model):
 save_path = models.CharField(max_length=50)
 ...
 def delete(self, *args,**kwargs):
 os.rmdir(os.path.join(settings.MEDIA_ROOT, self.save_path)
 super(Some_Model,self).delete(*args, **kwargs)
</code></pre>

I am using 1.2.5 with a standard ImageField and using the built-in storage backend. Files upload fine but when I remove an entry from admin the actual file on the server does not delete.

How do I get Django Admin to delete files when I remove an object from the database/model?

数据库

服务器

Django

我使用的是带有标准ImageField的1.2.5，并使用内置的存储后端。文件上传正常，但是当我从admin中删除一个条目时，服务器上的实际文件不会被删除。

问当我从数据库/模型中删除一个对象时，如何让Django Admin删除文件？
EN

回答 10

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问当我从数据库/模型中删除一个对象时，如何让Django Admin删除文件？EN

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问当我从数据库/模型中删除一个对象时，如何让Django Admin删除文件？
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