blocks|key|506190|text|下面是一个使用基本R函数组合的选项(strsplit、lapply和gsub)。使用冒号拆分字符串，然后迭代每个拆分元素，使用空格重新分割字符串，检测数字的组合(正/负)，然后使用空格和冒号重新折叠。|type|unstyled|depth|inlineStyleRanges|entityRanges|data|506191|#+Split+the+string+by+the+colon
colon_split+<-+unlist(strsplit(example_string,+":"))

#+Over+all+strings+split+by+the+colon
digits_out+<-+lapply(colon_split,+\(x)+{
++space+<-+unlist(strsplit(x,+"\\s"))
++gsub("%5E-(\\d*)$%7C%5E(\\d*)$",+"",+space)+%7C>+paste0(collapse+=+"+")
})

#+Regroup+and+collapse+using+the+colon++
paste0(digits_out,+collapse+=+":")|code-block|syntax|javascript|506192|entityMap^0|0|0^^$0|@$1|2|3|4|5|6|7|I|8|@]|9|@]|A|$]]|$1|B|3|C|5|D|7|J|8|@]|9|@]|A|$E|F]]|$1|G|3|-4|5|6|7|K|8|@]|9|@]|A|$]]]|H|$]]

<p>Here is an option using a combination of base R functions (strsplit, lapply and gsub). Splitting the strings using the colon, and then iterate over each split element to re-split them using a space, detecting a combination of digits (positive/negative) and then re-collapsing using the space and the colon.</p>
<pre><code># Split the string by the colon
colon_split &lt;- unlist(strsplit(example_string, &quot;:&quot;))

# Over all strings split by the colon
digits_out &lt;- lapply(colon_split, \(x) {
  space &lt;- unlist(strsplit(x, &quot;\\s&quot;))
  gsub(&quot;^-(\\d*)$|^(\\d*)$&quot;, &quot;&quot;, space) |&gt; paste0(collapse = &quot; &quot;)
})

# Regroup and collapse using the colon  
paste0(digits_out, collapse = &quot;:&quot;)
</code></pre>


blocks|key|506256|text|TLDR解决方案：|type|unstyled|depth|inlineStyleRanges|entityRanges|data|506257|如果您期望您的条件保持不变，则此解决方案不需要迭代不同的冒号字符串，只使用gsub一次。|506258|example_string+<-+
++++"Bing+Bloop+Doop:-14490+Flerp:01+ScoobyDoot:Z1Bling+Blong:Zootsuitssasdfasdf"

#+use+gsub+to+replace+with+""
re_pattern+<-+"(?<!Z)[0-9]%7C-"
res+<-+gsub(re_pattern,+"",+example_string,perl=T)+#+perl+allows+use+of+complex+regex+patterns

#+split+up+by+colon
colon_splits+=+unlist(strsplit(res,+":"))

#+get+substring+of+last+(5th)+colon+string+
last_colon_str+=+substring(colon_splits[5],0,8)+#+(chars+0-8+since+result+wanted+was+"Zootsuit")

str_list+=+c(colon_splits[0:4],last_colon_str)+#+collapse+using+c()

#+regroup+and+collapse+(thanks+bdbmax)
paste0(str_list,+collapse=":")|code-block|syntax|javascript|506259|Regex解释|506260|每个%7C都是一个OR条件分隔符。当需要匹配多个模式时，通常可以使用它。|offset|length|style|CODE|506261|尽管如此，这里有两个“组”模式：|506262|1.+Z#与数字"(?<!Z)[0-9]"|506263|我们可以进一步分解(?<!Z)[0-9]，以便：|506264|"(?<!Z)"+#+a+negative+lookbehind
"[0-9]"+#+a+group+that+captures+a+range+of+0+to+9|506265|这允许您匹配数字0到9+([0-9]，请参阅2以获得解释)，而前面没有“Z”((?<!Z))。|506266|要获得更多信息，您可以查看对围城的解释|506267|2.连字符-|506268|你要删除的连字符。如果希望包含更多字符，可以执行以下操作：|506269|"[-$]"|506270|请记住，如果包含其他字符，为了防止-被解释为范围，需要使用转义字符。|506271|"[1\-2]"+#+matches+"1",+"2",+and+"-"|506272|entityMap|0|LINK|mutability|MUTABLE|url|https://www.regular-expressions.info/lookaround.html|1|https://perldoc.perl.org/perlrebackslash#All-the-sequences-and-escapes^0|0|0|0|0|2|1|0|0|8|D|0|9|B|0|0|D|5|13|6|0|D|6|0|0|5|1|0|0|0|H|1|T|4|1|0|0^^$0|@$1|2|3|4|5|6|7|1M|8|@]|9|@]|A|$]]|$1|B|3|C|5|6|7|1N|8|@]|9|@]|A|$]]|$1|D|3|E|5|F|7|1O|8|@]|9|@]|A|$G|H]]|$1|I|3|J|5|6|7|1P|8|@]|9|@]|A|$]]|$1|K|3|L|5|6|7|1Q|8|@$M|1R|N|1S|O|P]]|9|@]|A|$]]|$1|Q|3|R|5|6|7|1T|8|@]|9|@]|A|$]]|$1|S|3|T|5|6|7|1U|8|@$M|1V|N|1W|O|P]]|9|@]|A|$]]|$1|U|3|V|5|6|7|1X|8|@$M|1Y|N|1Z|O|P]]|9|@]|A|$]]|$1|W|3|X|5|F|7|20|8|@]|9|@]|A|$G|H]]|$1|Y|3|Z|5|6|7|21|8|@$M|22|N|23|O|P]|$M|24|N|25|O|P]]|9|@]|A|$]]|$1|10|3|11|5|6|7|26|8|@]|9|@$M|27|N|28|1|29]]|A|$]]|$1|12|3|13|5|6|7|2A|8|@$M|2B|N|2C|O|P]]|9|@]|A|$]]|$1|14|3|15|5|6|7|2D|8|@]|9|@]|A|$]]|$1|16|3|17|5|F|7|2E|8|@]|9|@]|A|$G|H]]|$1|18|3|19|5|6|7|2F|8|@$M|2G|N|2H|O|P]]|9|@$M|2I|N|2J|1|2K]]|A|$]]|$1|1A|3|1B|5|F|7|2L|8|@]|9|@]|A|$G|H]]|$1|1C|3|-4|5|6|7|2M|8|@]|9|@]|A|$]]]|1D|$1E|$5|1F|1G|1H|A|$1I|1J]]|1K|$5|1F|1G|1H|A|$1I|1L]]]]

<h1>TLDR solution:</h1>
<p>If you expect your conditions to remain the same, this solution doesn't require iterating through the different colon strings, using gsub only once.</p>
<pre><code>example_string &lt;- 
    &quot;Bing Bloop Doop:-14490 Flerp:01 ScoobyDoot:Z1Bling Blong:Zootsuitssasdfasdf&quot;

# use gsub to replace with &quot;&quot;
re_pattern &lt;- &quot;(?&lt;!Z)[0-9]|-&quot;
res &lt;- gsub(re_pattern, &quot;&quot;, example_string,perl=T) # perl allows use of complex regex patterns

# split up by colon
colon_splits = unlist(strsplit(res, &quot;:&quot;))

# get substring of last (5th) colon string 
last_colon_str = substring(colon_splits[5],0,8) # (chars 0-8 since result wanted was &quot;Zootsuit&quot;)

str_list = c(colon_splits[0:4],last_colon_str) # collapse using c()

# regroup and collapse (thanks bdbmax)
paste0(str_list, collapse=&quot;:&quot;)
</code></pre>
<h1>Regex Explanation</h1>
<p>Each <code>|</code> is an OR conditional separator. You can usually use it when there's multiple patterns to match.</p>
<h2>That being said, there are 2 &quot;groups&quot; of patterns here:</h2>
<h3>1. Z# and numbers <code>&quot;(?&lt;!Z)[0-9]&quot;</code></h3>
<p>We can further break down <code>(?&lt;!Z)[0-9]</code> to:</p>
<pre><code>&quot;(?&lt;!Z)&quot; # a negative lookbehind
&quot;[0-9]&quot; # a group that captures a range of 0 to 9
</code></pre>
<p>this allows you to match numbers 0 to 9 (<code>[0-9]</code>, see 2 for explanation) that are not preceded by a 'Z' (<code>(?&lt;!Z)</code>).</p>
<p>For more info you can take a look at <a href="https://www.regular-expressions.info/lookaround.html" rel="nofollow noreferrer">this explanation of lookarounds</a></p>
<h3>2. hyphen <code>-</code></h3>
<p>the hyphen that you want to remove. If you would like to include more characters, you can do:</p>
<pre><code>&quot;[-$]&quot;
</code></pre>
<p>bear in mind that if you include other characters, in order to prevent the <code>-</code> from being interpreted as a range, you need to use <a href="https://perldoc.perl.org/perlrebackslash#All-the-sequences-and-escapes" rel="nofollow noreferrer">escape characters</a>:</p>
<pre><code>&quot;[1\-2]&quot; # matches &quot;1&quot;, &quot;2&quot;, and &quot;-&quot;
</code></pre>


<p>I would like to do this with <strong>gsub</strong> and/or <strong>dplyr</strong> in R:</p>
<p>Ok here's the example text:</p>
<pre><code>example_string &lt;-
  &quot;Bing Bloop Doop:-14490 Flerp:01 ScoobyDoot:Z1Bling Blong:Zootsuitssasdfasdf&quot;
</code></pre>
<p>What I'd like to get:</p>
<pre><code>&quot;Bing Bloop Doop: Flerp: ScoobyDoot:Z1Bling Blong:Zootsuit&quot;
</code></pre>
<p>I'd like to strip all the numbers (and any hyphens) except for the Z# and then limit the nchar after the last colon to 9 char. There are always 4 colons.</p>
<p>I'm going through all different kinds of threads and they get close sometimes but no cigar.</p>
<p>I was able to remove all digits:</p>
<p>gsub('[0-9]+', '', example_string)</p>
<p>But this doesn't trim nchar to 9 at the end and also takes out the Z1 part:</p>
<pre><code>&quot;Bing Bloop Doop: Flerp: ScoobyDoot:ZBling Blong:Zootsuitssasdfasdf&quot;
</code></pre>
<p><a href="https://stackoverflow.com/questions/65753395/remove-n-number-of-characters-in-a-string-after-a-specific-character">Remove n number of characters in a string after a specific character</a></p>
<p><a href="https://stackoverflow.com/questions/3968049/regex-allow-a-string-to-only-contain-numbers-0-9-and-limit-length-to-45">Regex allow a string to only contain numbers 0 - 9 and limit length to 45</a></p>


How to trim a long string after several colons to n characters?

翻译质量差，导致语言生硬或混乱。

没有提供实际的解决方法或示例。

解答不清晰，无法理解或解决问题。

页面排版不美观，阅读体验差。

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我想用R中的gsub和/或dplyr来实现这一点：好的，下面是示例文本：example_string <-  "Bing Bloop Doop:-14490 Flerp:01 ScoobyDoot:Z1Bling Blong:Zootsuitssasdfasdf"我想要的是："Bing Bloop Doop: Fler...

问如何修剪几个冒号后的长字符串到n个字符？
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问如何修剪几个冒号后的长字符串到n个字符？
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