问Matplotlib:当用日期时间轴绘图时，如何跳过一个小时的范围？

EN

top.plot(instrument.index, instrument['Price'])
bottom.bar(instrument.index, instrument['Volume'], 0.005)

top.plot(range(instrument.index.size), instrument['Price'])
bottom.bar(range(instrument.index.size), instrument['Volume'], width=1)

instrument['Price'].plot(use_index=False, ax=top)
instrument['Volume'].plot.bar(width=1, ax=bottom)

import numpy as np                        # v 1.19.2
import pandas as pd                       # v 1.1.3
import matplotlib.pyplot as plt           # v 3.3.2
import matplotlib.ticker as ticker
import pandas_market_calendars as mcal    # v 1.6.1

# Create datetime index with a 'minute start' frequency based on the New
# York Stock Exchange trading hours (end date is inclusive)
nyse = mcal.get_calendar('NYSE')
nyse_schedule = nyse.schedule(start_date='2021-01-07', end_date='2021-01-11')
nyse_dti = mcal.date_range(nyse_schedule, frequency='1min', closed='left')\
               .tz_convert(nyse.tz.zone)
# Remove timestamps of closing times to create a 'period start' datetime index
nyse_dti = nyse_dti.delete(nyse_dti.indexer_at_time('16:00'))

# Create sample of random data consisting of opening price and
# volume of financial instrument traded for each period
rng = np.random.default_rng(seed=1234)  # random number generator
price_change = rng.normal(scale=0.1, size=nyse_dti.size)
price_open = 127.5 + np.cumsum(price_change)
volume = rng.integers(100, 10000, size=nyse_dti.size)
df = pd.DataFrame(data=dict(Price=price_open, Volume=volume), index=nyse_dti)

df.head()

#                             Price       Volume
#  2021-01-07 09:30:00-05:00  127.339616  7476
#  2021-01-07 09:31:00-05:00  127.346026  3633
#  2021-01-07 09:32:00-05:00  127.420115  1339
#  2021-01-07 09:33:00-05:00  127.435377  3750
#  2021-01-07 09:34:00-05:00  127.521752  7354

# Create figure and plots using matplotlib functions
fig, (top, bot) = plt.subplots(2, 1, sharex=True, figsize=(10,5),
                               gridspec_kw=dict(height_ratios=[0.75,0.25]))
top.plot(df.index, df['Price'])
bot.bar(df.index, df['Volume'], 0.0008)

# Set title and labels
top.set_title('Matplotlib plots with unwanted gaps', pad=20, size=14, weight='semibold')
top.set_ylabel('Price', labelpad=10)
bot.set_ylabel('Volume', labelpad=10);

# Create figure and matplotlib plots with some additional formatting
fig, (top, bot) = plt.subplots(2, 1, sharex=True, figsize=(10,5),
                               gridspec_kw=dict(height_ratios=[0.75,0.25]))
top.plot(range(df.index.size), df['Price'])
top.set_title('Matplotlib plots without any gaps', pad=20, size=14, weight='semibold')
top.set_ylabel('Price', labelpad=10)
top.grid(axis='x', alpha=0.3)
bot.bar(range(df.index.size), df['Volume'], width=1)
bot.set_ylabel('Volume', labelpad=10)

# Set fixed major and minor tick locations
ticks_date = df.index.indexer_at_time('09:30')
ticks_time = np.arange(df.index.size)[df.index.minute == 0][::2] # step in hours
bot.set_xticks(ticks_date)
bot.set_xticks(ticks_time, minor=True)

# Format major and minor tick labels
labels_date = [maj_tick.strftime('\n%d-%b').replace('\n0', '\n')
               for maj_tick in df.index[ticks_date]]
labels_time = [min_tick.strftime('%I %p').lstrip('0').lower()
               for min_tick in df.index[ticks_time]]
bot.set_xticklabels(labels_date)
bot.set_xticklabels(labels_time, minor=True)
bot.figure.autofmt_xdate(rotation=0, ha='center', which='both')

# Set fixed major tick locations and automatic minor tick locations
ticks_date = df.index.indexer_at_time('09:30')
bot.set_xticks(ticks_date)
bot.xaxis.set_minor_locator(ticker.AutoLocator())

# Format major tick labels
labels_date = [maj_tick.strftime('\n%d-%b').replace('\n0', '\n')
               for maj_tick in df.index[ticks_date]]
bot.set_xticklabels(labels_date)

# Format minor tick labels
def min_label(x, pos):
    if 0 <= x < df.index.size:
        return df.index[int(x)].strftime('%H:%M')
min_fmtr = ticker.FuncFormatter(min_label)
bot.xaxis.set_minor_formatter(min_fmtr)

bot.figure.autofmt_xdate(rotation=0, ha='center', which='both')