1265.经济学人-Can IIS be the next great economies?-3

But serving foreign markets plays a vital role in development.

It keeps firms honest, by forcing them to compete in markets that their governments do not control.

It lets them reach the largest possible scale. And foreign customers can teach firms how to serve them better.

In East Asia export performance was also a useful yardstick for policymakers, because it revealed which industries deserved their continued backing.

Nonetheless, today’s development strategies also hold dangers. In many countries governments are running the risk of warping the economy in the name of nurturing it.

Saudi Arabia’s onslaught of industrial policy, mainly disbursed as handouts from the Public Investment Fund, exceeds the spending even of America’s Inflation Reduction Act.

In order to help exporters grow, India is seeking to fence off its high-tech manufacturers behind tariffs and subsidies.

Indonesia’s all-in bet on nickel leaves it perilously exposed, should other battery chemistries prevail.

这是《经济学人》2024年1月刊的一篇文章'Can India, Indonesia and Saudi Arabia be the next great economies?'第5、6段。

1

但服务国外市场在发展中发挥着至关重要的作用。

2

它迫使企业在政府无法控制的市场中竞争，从而保持企业诚实。

3

它让他们达到尽可能最大的规模。外国客户可以教企业如何更好地为他们服务。

4

在东亚，出口表现对于政策制定者来说也是一个有用的衡量标准，因为它揭示了哪些行业值得他们继续支持。

5

尽管如此，当今的发展战略也存在危险。在许多国家，政府冒着以培育经济为名扭曲经济的风险。

6

onslaught：a fierce or destructive attack

沙特阿拉伯大力实施的产业政策，主要是通过公共投资基金的拨款，甚至超过了美国《通货膨胀削减法案》的支出。

7

为了帮助出口商增长，印度正在寻求通过关税和补贴来围堵其高科技制造商。

8

如果其他电池化学材料占上风，印度尼西亚对镍的全力押注将使其面临危险。

词汇

onslaught：a fierce or destructive attack