The Impact of Climate Change on Biodiversity

part one

Climate change, driven by global warming, is having a profound impact on biodiversity worldwide. Rising temperatures, changing precipitation patterns, and increased frequency of extreme weather events are altering habitats and disrupting ecosystems. For instance, coral reefs, which are among the most biodiverse ecosystems on Earth, are suffering from ocean acidification and increased sea temperatures, leading to widespread coral bleaching. Similarly, in polar regions, the rapid melting of ice is threatening the survival of species such as polar bears and penguins that rely on ice for hunting and breeding. Climate change is also causing shifts in species distribution, with many species moving towards higher altitudes or latitudes in response to warming. These changes can disrupt ecological interactions, such as predator-prey relationships and pollination, potentially leading to declines in biodiversity. The loss of biodiversity, in turn, can reduce ecosystem resilience, making it more difficult for ecosystems to recover from disturbances and adapt to future changes.

全球气候变化，由全球变暖驱动，正在对全球生物多样性产生深远影响。升高的温度、变化的降水模式和极端天气事件的增加频率正在改变生态位并破坏生态系统。例如，珊瑚礁是地球上生物多样性最丰富的生态系统之一，它们正在遭受海洋酸化和海温上升的影响，导致了广泛的珊瑚白化。同样，在极地地区，冰川的快速融化正在威胁到依赖冰川狩猎和繁殖的物种，如北极熊和企鹅的生存。气候变化也正在引起物种分布的变化，许多物种正在应对气候变暖而向更高的海拔或纬度迁移。这些变化可能会破坏生态相互作用，如捕食者-猎物关系和授粉，可能导致生物多样性的下降。反过来，生物多样性的丧失又可能降低生态系统的恢复力，使生态系统从干扰中恢复和适应未来变化变得更加困难。

part two

1. "Rising temperatures, changing precipitation patterns, and increased frequency of extreme weather events are altering habitats"中的现在分词短语"altering habitats"作伴随状语，表示"正在改变生态位"。

2. "the rapid melting of ice is threatening the survival of species"中的动名词短语"the rapid melting of ice"作主语，表示"冰川的快速融化"。

3. "Climate change is also causing shifts in species distribution"中的动词"causing"后面接名词"shifts"，构成"cause shifts"短语，表示"引起变化"。

part three

1. Biodiversity (n.) - 生物多样性

2. Precipitation (n.) - 降水

3. Ecosystem (n.) - 生态系统

4. Coral reefs (n.) - 珊瑚礁

5. Acidification (n.) - 酸化

6. Bleaching (n.) - 白化

7. Distribution (n.) - 分布

8. Altitude (n.) - 海拔

9. Latitude (n.) - 纬度

10. Resilience (n.) - 恢复力，弹性