array.splice

splice()方法通过删除现有元素和/或添加新元素来更改一个数组的内容。

var myFish = ['angel', 'clown', 'mandarin', 'sturgeon'];

myFish.splice(2, 0, 'drum'); // insert 'drum' at 2-index position
// myFish is ["angel", "clown", "drum", "mandarin", "sturgeon"]

myFish.splice(2, 1); // remove 1 item at 2-index position (that is, "drum")
// myFish is ["angel", "clown", "mandarin", "sturgeon"]

语法

array.splice(start)
array.splice(start, deleteCount)
array.splice(start, deleteCount, item1, item2, ...)

参数

start指定修改的开始位置（从0计数）。如果超出了数组的长度，则从数组末尾开始添加内容；如果是负值，则表示从数组末位开始的第几位（从1计数）；若只使用start参数而不使用deleteCount、item，如：array.splice(start) ，表示删除[start，end]的元素。

deleteCount可选整数，表示要移除的数组元素的个数。如果deleteCount是 0，则不移除元素。这种情况下，至少应添加一个新元素。如果deleteCount 大于start之后的元素的总数，则从start后面的元素都将被删除（含第start位）。如果deleteCount被省略，则其相当于(arr.length - start)。

item1, item2, ...可选要添加进数组的元素,从start位置开始。如果不指定，则splice() 将只删除数组元素。

splice方法使用deleteCount参数来控制是删除还是添加

返回值

由被删除的元素组成的一个数组。如果只删除了一个元素，则返回只包含一个元素的数组。如果没有删除元素，则返回空数组。

描述

如果添加进数组的元素个数不等于被删除的元素个数，数组的长度会发生相应的改变。

示例

从第2位开始删除0个元素，插入“drum”

var myFish = ['angel', 'clown', 'mandarin', 'sturgeon'];
var removed = myFish.splice(2, 0, 'drum');

// myFish is ["angel", "clown", "drum", "mandarin", "sturgeon"] 
// removed is [], no elements removed

从第3位开始删除1个元素

var myFish = ['angel', 'clown', 'drum', 'mandarin', 'sturgeon'];
var removed = myFish.splice(3, 1);

// removed is ["mandarin"]
// myFish is ["angel", "clown", "drum", "sturgeon"]

从第2位开始删除1个元素，然后插入“trumpet”

var myFish = ['angel', 'clown', 'drum', 'sturgeon'];
var removed = myFish.splice(2, 1, 'trumpet');

// myFish is ["angel", "clown", "trumpet", "sturgeon"]
// removed is ["drum"]

从第0位开始删除第2个元素，然后插入"parrot","anemone"和"blue"

var myFish = ['angel', 'clown', 'trumpet', 'sturgeon'];
var removed = myFish.splice(0, 2, 'parrot', 'anemone', 'blue');

// myFish is ["parrot", "anemone", "blue", "trumpet", "sturgeon"] 
// removed is ["angel", "clown"]

从第2位开始删除2个元素

var myFish = ['parrot', 'anemone', 'blue', 'trumpet', 'sturgeon'];
var removed = myFish.splice(myFish.length - 3, 2);

// myFish is ["parrot", "anemone", "sturgeon"] 
// removed is ["blue", "trumpet"]

从倒数第2位开始删除1个元素

var myFish = ['angel', 'clown', 'mandarin', 'sturgeon'];
var removed = myFish.splice(-2, 1);

// myFish is ["angel", "clown", "sturgeon"] 
// removed is ["mandarin"]

从第2位开始删除所有元素

var myFish = ['angel', 'clown', 'mandarin', 'sturgeon'];
var removed = myFish.splice(2);

// myFish is ["angel", "clown"] 
// removed is ["mandarin", "sturgeon"]

规范

Specification	Status	Comment
ECMAScript 3rd Edition (ECMA-262)	Standard	Initial definition. Implemented in JavaScript 1.2.
ECMAScript 5.1 (ECMA-262)The definition of 'Array.prototype.splice' in that specification.	Standard
ECMAScript 2015 (6th Edition, ECMA-262)The definition of 'Array.prototype.splice' in that specification.	Standard
ECMAScript Latest Draft (ECMA-262)The definition of 'Array.prototype.splice' in that specification.	Living Standard

浏览器兼容性

Feature	Chrome	Edge	Firefox	Internet Explorer	Opera	Safari
Basic Support	1	(Yes)	1	5.5	(Yes)	(Yes)

Feature	Android	Chrome for Android	Edge mobile	Firefox for Android	IE mobile	Opera Android	iOS Safari
Basic Support	(Yes)	(Yes)	(Yes)	1	(Yes)	(Yes)	(Yes)

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最后更新于：2020-12-11