The Session Extension

-DSQLITE_ENABLE_SESSION -DSQLITE_ENABLE_PREUPDATE_HOOK

-  The PRIMARY KEY values identifying the modified row, 
-  The new values for each modified field of the row, and 
-  The original values for each modified field of the row. 

-  By explicitly specifying tables using one call to [sqlite3session\_attach()](session/sqlite3session_attach) for each table, or 
-  By specifying that all tables in the database should be monitored for changes using a call to [sqlite3session\_attach()](session/sqlite3session_attach) with a NULL argument, or 
-  By configuring a callback to be invoked the first time each table is written to that indicates to the session module whether or not changes on the table should be monitored. 

/*
** Argument zSql points to a buffer containing an SQL script to execute 
** against the database handle passed as the first argument. As well as
** executing the SQL script, this function collects a changeset recording
** all changes made to the "main" database file. Assuming no error occurs,
** output variables (*ppChangeset) and (*pnChangeset) are set to point
** to a buffer containing the changeset and the size of the changeset in
** bytes before returning SQLITE_OK. In this case it is the responsibility
** of the caller to eventually free the changeset blob by passing it to
** the sqlite3_free function.
**
** Or, if an error does occur, return an SQLite error code. The final
** value of (*pChangeset) and (*pnChangeset) are undefined in this case.
*/
int sql_exec_changeset(
  sqlite3 *db,                  /* Database handle */
  const char *zSql,             /* SQL script to execute */
  int *pnChangeset,             /* OUT: Size of changeset blob in bytes */
  void **ppChangeset            /* OUT: Pointer to changeset blob */
){
  sqlite3_session *pSession = 0;
  int rc;

  /* Create a new session object */
  rc = sqlite3session_create(db, "main", &pSession);

  /* Configure the session object to record changes to all tables */
  if( rc==SQLITE_OK ) rc = sqlite3session_attach(pSession, NULL);

  /* Execute the SQL script */
  if( rc==SQLITE_OK ) rc = sqlite3_exec(db, zSql, 0, 0, 0);

  /* Collect the changeset */
  if( rc==SQLITE_OK ){
    rc = sqlite3session_changeset(pSession, pnChangeset, ppChangeset);
  }

  /* Delete the session object */
  sqlite3session_delete(pSession);

  return rc;
}

/*
** Conflict handler callback used by apply_changeset(). See below.
*/
static int xConflict(void *pCtx, int eConflict, sqlite3_changset_iter *pIter){
  int ret = (int)pCtx;
  return ret;
}

/*
** Apply the changeset contained in blob pChangeset, size nChangeset bytes,
** to the main database of the database handle passed as the first argument.
** Return SQLITE_OK if successful, or an SQLite error code if an error
** occurs.
**
** If parameter bIgnoreConflicts is true, then any conflicting changes 
** within the changeset are simply ignored. Or, if bIgnoreConflicts is
** false, then this call fails with an SQLTIE_ABORT error if a changeset
** conflict is encountered.
*/
int apply_changeset(
  sqlite3 *db,                  /* Database handle */
  int bIgnoreConflicts,         /* True to ignore conflicting changes */
  int nChangeset,               /* Size of changeset in bytes */
  void *pChangeset              /* Pointer to changeset blob */
){
  return sqlite3changeset_apply(
      db, 
      nChangeset, pChangeset, 
      0, xConflict, 
      (void*)bIgnoreConflicts
  );
}

/*
** Print the contents of the changeset to stdout.
*/
static int print_changeset(void *pChangeset, int nChangeset){
  int rc;
  sqlite3_changeset_iter *pIter = 0;

  /* Create an iterator to iterate through the changeset */
  rc = sqlite3changeset_start(&pIter, nChangeset, pChangeset);
  if( rc!=SQLITE_OK ) return rc;

  /* This loop runs once for each change in the changeset */
  while( SQLITE_ROW==sqlite3changeset_next(pIter) ){
    const char *zTab;           /* Table change applies to */
    int nCol;                   /* Number of columns in table zTab */
    int op;                     /* SQLITE_INSERT, UPDATE or DELETE */
    sqlite3_value *pVal;

    /* Print the type of operation and the table it is on */
    rc = sqlite3changeset_op(pIter, &zTab, &nCol, &op, 0);
    if( rc!=SQLITE_OK ) goto exit_print_changeset;
    printf("%s on table %s\n",
      op==SQLITE_INSERT?"INSERT" : op==SQLITE_UPDATE?"UPDATE" : "DELETE",
      zTab
    );

    /* If this is an UPDATE or DELETE, print the old.* values */
    if( op==SQLITE_UPDATE || op==SQLITE_DELETE ){
      printf("Old values:");
      for(i=0; i<nCol; i++){
        rc = sqlite3changeset_old(pIter, i, &pVal);
        if( rc!=SQLITE_OK ) goto exit_print_changeset;
        printf(" %s", pVal ? sqlite3_value_text(pVal) : "-");
      }
      printf("\n");
    }

    /* If this is an UPDATE or INSERT, print the new.* values */
    if( op==SQLITE_UPDATE || op==SQLITE_INSERT ){
      printf("New values:");
      for(i=0; i<nCol; i++){
        rc = sqlite3changeset_new(pIter, i, &pVal);
        if( rc!=SQLITE_OK ) goto exit_print_changeset;
        printf(" %s", pVal ? sqlite3_value_text(pVal) : "-");
      }
      printf("\n");
    }
  }

  /* Clean up the changeset and return an error code (or SQLITE_OK) */
 exit_print_changeset:
  rc2 = sqlite3changeset_finalize(pIter);
  if( rc==SQLITE_OK ) rc = rc2;
  return rc;
}