Python笔记（五）：异常处理和数据存储

try:

      the_man = open(r'C:\Users\123456\Desktop\test.txt')

      print(the_man.readline(),end="")

except IOError as err:

    #输出异常信息

    print("异常信息："+ str(err))

#str（）转换为字符串

finally:

    #不管是否发生异常一定会执行

    the_man.close()

try:

      the_man = open('test.txt')

      print(the_man.readline(),end="")

except IOError as err:

    #输出异常信息

    print("异常信息："+ str(err))

finally:

    #不管是否发生异常一定会执行

    if 'test.txt' in os.listdir():

        #判断当前工作目录是否存在 test.txt 文件，存在时才关闭文件

     the_man.close()

try:

    with open('test.txt') as the_man:

      print(the_man.readline(),end="")

except IOError as err:

    #输出异常信息

    print("异常信息："+ str(err))

man = [1,2,3]

try:

    with open('test.txt','w') as the_man:

      print(man,file=the_man)

        #man是要写入的数据， file= 是要写入的文件对象

except IOError as err:

    #输出异常信息

    print("异常信息："+ str(err))

通过pickle 实现，代码如下。

import pickle

man = [1,2,3]

with open('the_man.pickle','wb') as saveman:

    pickle.dump(man,saveman)

    #保存数据

with open('the_man.pickle','rb') as resman:

    man = pickle.load(resman)

    #需要时恢复数据

print(man)

from FirstPython import the_list as tl

#导入the_list模块

zs = []

ls = []

ww = []

try:

 with open(r'C:\Users\123456\Desktop\测试.txt',encoding='UTF-8') as the_file:

  for each_line in the_file:

      try:

          (role,line_spoken) = each_line.split("：",1)

          if role =='张三':

              # 如果role==张三，将line_spoken添加到man列表

           zs.append(line_spoken)

          elif role =='李四':

            ls.append(line_spoken)

          elif role == '王五':

            ww.append(line_spoken)

      except ValueError:

          # 出现ValueError时，直接输出 each_line的值

          print(each_line,end="")

 the_file.close()

except IOError:

    #找不到文件时提示文件不存在

    print("文件不存在！")

try:

 with open(r'C:\Users\123456\Desktop\zs.txt','w') as the_man:

     tl.dslist(zs,the_man)

     #调用dslist方法处理列表数据

 with open(r'C:\Users\123456\Desktop\ls.txt','w') as the_other:

     tl.dslist(ls,the_other)

     # 调用dslist方法处理列表数据

except IOError:

    print("文件不存在！")

def dslist(the_list,the_file):

    #the_list:要处理的列表数据

    #the_file:要写入的文件对象

    for each_line in the_list:

        if isinstance(each_line,list):

            #数据类型是否为列表

            dslist(each_line,the_file)

        else:

            print(each_line,file=the_file,end="")