python开发_logging_日志处理
在很多编程语言中，都会出现日志处理操作，python也不例外...
接下来我们来看看python中的logging模块
'''
python中，logging模块主要是处理日志的。
所谓日志，可理解为在软件运行过程中，所记录的的一些运行情况信息
软件开发人员可以根据自己的需求添加日志，日志可以帮助软件开发人员
了解软件的运行信息，对软件的维护尤为重要。
日志级别：
Level When it's used
DEBUG detailed information,typically of interest only when diagnosing problems
INFO confirmation that things are working as expected
WARNING An indication that something unexpected happended,or indicative of some problem in the near future.The software is still working as expected
ERROR Due to a more serious problem,the software has not been able to perform some funciton
CRITICAL A serious error, indication that the program itself may be unable to continue running.
The default level is WARNING.
Here is an Example:
import logging
logging.info('this is an info log!')
logging.warning('this is a warn log!')
you can see the result:
WARNING:root:this is a warn log!
如果你想看到级别比较低的一些日志，你可以这样做：
Here is an Example:
import logging
logging.basicConfig(filename = 'c:\\test\\hongten.log', level = logging.DEBUG)
logging.debug('this is a debug log!')
logging.info('this is an info log!')
logging.warning('this is a warn log!')
you can see the result:
DEBUG:root:this is a debug log!
INFO:root:this is an info log!
WARNING:root:this is a warn log!
如果你想格式化输出日志，你可以这样做：
Here is an Example:
import logging
logging.basicConfig(format = '%(levelname)s:%(message)s', level = logging.DEBUG)
logging.debug('this is a debug log!')
logging.info('this is an info log!')
logging.warning('this is a warn log!')
you can see the result:
DEBUG:this is a debug log!
INFO:this is an info log!
WARNING:this is a warn log!
下面是LogRecord attributes,在格式化输出日志的时候需要用到：
Attribute name Format Description
args You shouldn’t need to format The tuple of arguments merged into msg to produce message.
this yourself.
asctime %(asctime)s 时间格式
created %(created)s 创建时间
filename %(filename)s 文件名称
levelname %(levelname)s 日志级别
levelno %(levelno)s 日志id号
lineno %(lineno)s 行号
module %(module)s 模块名称
mescs %(mescs)s Millisecond portion of the time when the LogRecord was created.
message %(message)s 日志信息
name %(name)s 日志名称
pathname %(pathname)s 文件绝对路径
process %(process)s 进程id
processName %(processName)s 进程名称
relativeCreated %(relativeCreated)s Time in milliseconds when the LogRecord was created,
relative to the time the logging module was loaded.
thread %(thread)s 线程id
threadName %(threadName)s 线程名称
'''以下是我做的demo：
运行效果：
Python 3.3.2 (v3.3.2:d047928ae3f6, May 16 2013, 00:03:43) [MSC v.1600 32 bit (Intel)] on win32
Type "copyright", "credits" or "license()" for more information.
>>> ================================ RESTART ================================
>>>
##################################################
##################################################
##################################################
##################################################
2013-08-26 11:01:58,076 - root - DEBUG - this is a debug log!
2013-08-26 11:01:58,080 - root - INFO - this is an info log!
2013-08-26 11:01:58,085 - root - WARNING - this is a warn log!
2013-08-26 11:01:58,088 - root - ERROR - this is an error log!
2013-08-26 11:01:58,091 - root - CRITICAL - this is a critical log!
>>> ============================================================
代码部分：
============================================================
1 #python logging
2
3 #Author : Hongten
4 #Mailto : hongtenzone@foxmail.com
5 #Blog : http://www.cnblogs.com/hongten
6 #QQ : 648719819
7 #Create ： 2013-08-26
8 #Version : 1.0
9
10 import logging
11 import logging.config
12
13 '''
14 python中，logging模块主要是处理日志的。
15 所谓日志，可理解为在软件运行过程中，所记录的的一些运行情况信息
16 软件开发人员可以根据自己的需求添加日志，日志可以帮助软件开发人员
17 了解软件的运行信息，对软件的维护尤为重要。
18
19 日志级别：
20
21 Level When it's used
22 DEBUG detailed information,typically of interest only when diagnosing problems
23 INFO confirmation that things are working as expected
24 WARNING An indication that something unexpected happended,or indicative of some problem in the near future.The software is still working as expected
25 ERROR Due to a more serious problem,the software has not been able to perform some funciton
26 CRITICAL A serious error, indication that the program itself may be unable to continue running.
27
28 The default level is WARNING.
29
30 Here is an Example:
31
32 import logging
33 logging.info('this is an info log!')
34 logging.warning('this is a warn log!')
35
36 you can see the result:
37 WARNING:root:this is a warn log!
38
39 如果你想看到级别比较低的一些日志，你可以这样做：
40
41 Here is an Example:
42 import logging
43 logging.basicConfig(filename = 'c:\\test\\hongten.log', level = logging.DEBUG)
44 logging.debug('this is a debug log!')
45 logging.info('this is an info log!')
46 logging.warning('this is a warn log!')
47
48 you can see the result:
49 DEBUG:root:this is a debug log!
50 INFO:root:this is an info log!
51 WARNING:root:this is a warn log!
52
53 如果你想格式化输出日志，你可以这样做：
54
55 Here is an Example:
56 import logging
57 logging.basicConfig(format = '%(levelname)s:%(message)s', level = logging.DEBUG)
58 logging.debug('this is a debug log!')
59 logging.info('this is an info log!')
60 logging.warning('this is a warn log!')
61
62 you can see the result:
63 DEBUG:this is a debug log!
64 INFO:this is an info log!
65 WARNING:this is a warn log!
66
67 下面是LogRecord attributes,在格式化输出日志的时候需要用到：
68 Attribute name Format Description
69 args You shouldn’t need to format The tuple of arguments merged into msg to produce message.
70 this yourself.
71 asctime %(asctime)s 时间格式
72 created %(created)s 创建时间
73 filename %(filename)s 文件名称
74 levelname %(levelname)s 日志级别
75 levelno %(levelno)s 日志id号
76 lineno %(lineno)s 行号
77 module %(module)s 模块名称
78 mescs %(mescs)s Millisecond portion of the time when the LogRecord was created.
79 message %(message)s 日志信息
80 name %(name)s 日志名称
81 pathname %(pathname)s 文件绝对路径
82 process %(process)s 进程id
83 processName %(processName)s 进程名称
84 relativeCreated %(relativeCreated)s Time in milliseconds when the LogRecord was created,
85 relative to the time the logging module was loaded.
86 thread %(thread)s 线程id
87 threadName %(threadName)s 线程名称
88
89
90 '''
91
92 def test_log1():
93 '''因为logging的默认级别是:WARNING
94 所以，这里只会输出：this is a warn log!'''
95 logging.warning('this is a warn log!')
96 logging.info('this is an info log!')
97
98 def test_log_2_file(path):
99 '''把运行的日志信息记录到指定的日志文件中
100 并且把日志的操作级别设置为:DEBUG模式'''
101 logging.basicConfig(filename = path, level = logging.DEBUG)
102 logging.debug('this is a debug log!')
103 logging.info('this is an info log!')
104 logging.warning('this is a warn log!')
105
106 def logging_variable_data():
107 '''可变数据的日志'''
108 logging.warning('%s + %s = %s', 3, 4, 3+4)
109
110 def logging_format():
111 '''格式化日志'''
112 logging.basicConfig(format='%(asctime)s --%(lineno)s -- %(levelname)s:%(message)s', level=logging.DEBUG)
113 logging.debug('This message should appear on the console')
114 logging.info('So should this')
115 logging.warning('And this, too')
116
117 def logging_from_config():
118 '''
119 c:\\hongten_logging.conf配置文件信息如下：
120 [loggers]
121 keys=root,simpleExample
122
123 [handlers]
124 keys=consoleHandler
125
126 [formatters]
127 keys=simpleFormatter
128
129 [logger_root]
130 level=DEBUG
131 handlers=consoleHandler
132
133 [logger_simpleExample]
134 level=DEBUG
135 handlers=consoleHandler
136 qualname=simpleExample
137 propagate=0
138
139 [handler_consoleHandler]
140 class=StreamHandler
141 level=DEBUG
142 formatter=simpleFormatter
143 args=(sys.stdout,)
144
145 [formatter_simpleFormatter]
146 format=%(asctime)s - %(name)s - %(levelname)s - %(message)s
147 datefmt=
148 '''
149 logging.config.fileConfig('c:\\hongten_logging.conf')
150 logger = logging.getLogger('root')
151 logger.debug('this is a debug log!')
152 logger.info('this is an info log!')
153 logger.warn('this is a warn log!')
154 logger.error('this is an error log!')
155 logger.critical('this is a critical log!')
156
157 def main():
158 '''在这里，请一个一个的打开测试'''
159 #test_log_2_file('c:\\hongten.log')
160 print('#' * 50)
161 #test_log1()
162 print('#' * 50)
163 #logging_variable_data()
164 print('#' * 50)
165 #logging_format()
166 print('#' * 50)
167 logging_from_config()
168
169
170 if __name__ == '__main__':
171 main()本文参与 腾讯云自媒体分享计划，分享自作者个人站点/博客。
原始发表：2013-08-26 ，如有侵权请联系 cloudcommunity@tencent.com 删除
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