【死磕 Spring】----- IOC 之 bean 的实例化策略：InstantiationStrategy

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发布于 2019-03-06 14:52:16

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发布于 2019-03-06 14:52:16

文章被收录于专栏：chenssy

在开始分析 InstantiationStrategy 之前，我们先来简单回顾下 bean 的实例化过程：

bean 的创建，主要是 AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory.doCreateBean() ，在这个方法中有 bean 的实例化、属性注入和初始化过程，对于 bean 的实例化过程这是根据 bean 的类型来判断的，如果是单例模式，则直接从 factoryBeanInstanceCache 缓存中获取，否则调用 createBeanInstance() 创建。
在 createBeanInstance() 中，如果 Supplier 不为空，则调用 obtainFromSupplier() 实例化 bean。如果 factory 不为空，则调用 instantiateUsingFactoryMethod() 实例化 bean ，如果都不是则调用 instantiateBean() 实例化bean 。但是无论是 instantiateUsingFactoryMethod() 还是 instantiateBean() 最后都一定会调用到 InstantiationStrategy 接口的 instantiate()。

InstantiationStrategy

InstantiationStrategy 接口定义了 Spring Bean 实例化的策略，根据创建对象情况的不同，提供了三种策略：无参构造方法、有参构造方法、工厂方法。如下：

public interface InstantiationStrategy {

 /**
  * 默认构造方法
  */
 Object instantiate(RootBeanDefinition bd, @Nullable String beanName, BeanFactory owner)
   throws BeansException;

 /**
  * 指定构造方法
  */
 Object instantiate(RootBeanDefinition bd, @Nullable String beanName, BeanFactory owner,
   Constructor<?> ctor, @Nullable Object... args) throws BeansException;

 /**
  * 工厂方法
  */
 Object instantiate(RootBeanDefinition bd, @Nullable String beanName, BeanFactory owner,
   @Nullable Object factoryBean, Method factoryMethod, @Nullable Object... args)
   throws BeansException;

}

SimpleInstantiationStrategy

InstantiationStrategy 接口有两个实现类：SimpleInstantiationStrategy 和 CglibSubclassingInstantiationStrategy。SimpleInstantiationStrategy 对以上三个方法都做了简单的实现。

如果是工厂方法实例化，则直接使用反射创建对象，如下：

public Object instantiate(RootBeanDefinition bd, @Nullable String beanName, BeanFactory owner,
   @Nullable Object factoryBean, final Method factoryMethod, @Nullable Object... args) {

  try {
   if (System.getSecurityManager() != null) {
    AccessController.doPrivileged((PrivilegedAction<Object>) () -> {
     ReflectionUtils.makeAccessible(factoryMethod);
     return null;
    });
   }
   else {
    ReflectionUtils.makeAccessible(factoryMethod);
   }

   Method priorInvokedFactoryMethod = currentlyInvokedFactoryMethod.get();
   try {
    currentlyInvokedFactoryMethod.set(factoryMethod);
    Object result = factoryMethod.invoke(factoryBean, args);
    if (result == null) {
     result = new NullBean();
    }
    return result;
   }
   finally {
    if (priorInvokedFactoryMethod != null) {
     currentlyInvokedFactoryMethod.set(priorInvokedFactoryMethod);
    }
    else {
     currentlyInvokedFactoryMethod.remove();
    }
   }
  }
  // 省略 catch
 }

如果是构造方法实例化，则是先判断是否有 MethodOverrides，如果没有则是直接使用反射，如果有则就需要 CGLIB 实例化对象。如下：

public Object instantiate(RootBeanDefinition bd, @Nullable String beanName, BeanFactory owner) {
  // Don't override the class with CGLIB if no overrides.
  if (!bd.hasMethodOverrides()) {
   Constructor<?> constructorToUse;
   synchronized (bd.constructorArgumentLock) {
    constructorToUse = (Constructor<?>) bd.resolvedConstructorOrFactoryMethod;
    if (constructorToUse == null) {
     final Class<?> clazz = bd.getBeanClass();
     if (clazz.isInterface()) {
      throw new BeanInstantiationException(clazz, "Specified class is an interface");
     }
     try {
      if (System.getSecurityManager() != null) {
       constructorToUse = AccessController.doPrivileged(
         (PrivilegedExceptionAction<Constructor<?>>) clazz::getDeclaredConstructor);
      }
      else {
       constructorToUse =    clazz.getDeclaredConstructor();
      }
      bd.resolvedConstructorOrFactoryMethod = constructorToUse;
     }
     catch (Throwable ex) {
      throw new BeanInstantiationException(clazz, "No default constructor found", ex);
     }
    }
   }
   return BeanUtils.instantiateClass(constructorToUse);
  }
  else {
   // Must generate CGLIB subclass.
   return instantiateWithMethodInjection(bd, beanName, owner);
  }
 }

 public Object instantiate(RootBeanDefinition bd, @Nullable String beanName, BeanFactory owner,
   final Constructor<?> ctor, @Nullable Object... args) {

  if (!bd.hasMethodOverrides()) {
   if (System.getSecurityManager() != null) {
    // use own privileged to change accessibility (when security is on)
    AccessController.doPrivileged((PrivilegedAction<Object>) () -> {
     ReflectionUtils.makeAccessible(ctor);
     return null;
    });
   }
   return (args != null ? BeanUtils.instantiateClass(ctor, args) : BeanUtils.instantiateClass(ctor));
  }
  else {
   return instantiateWithMethodInjection(bd, beanName, owner, ctor, args);
  }
 }

SimpleInstantiationStrategy 对 instantiateWithMethodInjection() 的实现任务交给了子类 CglibSubclassingInstantiationStrategy。

MethodOverrides

对于 MethodOverrides，如果读者是跟着小编文章一路跟过来的话一定不会陌生，在 BeanDefinitionParserDelegate 类解析 <bean/> 的时候是否还记得这两个方法： parseLookupOverrideSubElements() 和 parseReplacedMethodSubElements() 这两个方法分别用于解析 lookup-method 和 replaced-method。 parseLookupOverrideSubElements() 源码如下：

更多关于 lookup-method 和 replaced-method 请看：【死磕 Spring】----- IOC 之解析 bean 标签：meta、lookup-method、replace-method

CGLIB 实例化策略

类 CglibSubclassingInstantiationStrategy 为 Spring 实例化 bean 的默认实例化策略，其主要功能还是对父类功能进行补充：其父类将 CGLIB 的实例化策略委托其实现。

--- SimpleInstantiationStrategy
 protected Object instantiateWithMethodInjection(RootBeanDefinition bd, @Nullable String beanName, BeanFactory owner) {
  throw new UnsupportedOperationException("Method Injection not supported in SimpleInstantiationStrategy");
 }

--- CglibSubclassingInstantiationStrategy
 @Override
 protected Object instantiateWithMethodInjection(RootBeanDefinition bd, @Nullable String beanName, BeanFactory owner) {
  return instantiateWithMethodInjection(bd, beanName, owner, null);
 }

CglibSubclassingInstantiationStrategy 实例化 bean 策略是通过其内部类 CglibSubclassCreator 来实现的。

protected Object instantiateWithMethodInjection(RootBeanDefinition bd, @Nullable String beanName, BeanFactory owner,
   @Nullable Constructor<?> ctor, @Nullable Object... args) {
  return new CglibSubclassCreator(bd, owner).instantiate(ctor, args);
 }

创建 CglibSubclassCreator 实例然后调用其 instantiate()，该方法用于动态创建子类实例，同时实现所需要的 lookups（lookup-method、replace-method）。

public Object instantiate(@Nullable Constructor<?> ctor, @Nullable Object... args) {
   Class<?> subclass = createEnhancedSubclass(this.beanDefinition);
   Object instance;
   if (ctor == null) {
    instance = BeanUtils.instantiateClass(subclass);
   }
   else {
    try {
     Constructor<?> enhancedSubclassConstructor = subclass.getConstructor(ctor.getParameterTypes());
     instance = enhancedSubclassConstructor.newInstance(args);
    }
    catch (Exception ex) {
     throw new BeanInstantiationException(this.beanDefinition.getBeanClass(),
       "Failed to invoke constructor for CGLIB enhanced subclass [" + subclass.getName() + "]", ex);
    }
   }

    //这个地方解决一个bug，bug提交报告https://jira.spring.io/browse/SPR-10785
    // SPR-10785: set callbacks directly on the instance instead of in the
    // enhanced class (via the Enhancer) in order to avoid memory leaks.
   Factory factory = (Factory) instance;
   factory.setCallbacks(new Callback[] {NoOp.INSTANCE,
     new LookupOverrideMethodInterceptor(this.beanDefinition, this.owner),
     new ReplaceOverrideMethodInterceptor(this.beanDefinition, this.owner)});
   return instance;
  }

调用 createEnhancedSubclass() 为提供的 BeanDefinition 创建 bean 类的增强子类。

private Class<?> createEnhancedSubclass(RootBeanDefinition beanDefinition) {
 // cglib里面的用法，对原始class进行增强，并设置callback
 Enhancer enhancer = new Enhancer();
 enhancer.setSuperclass(beanDefinition.getBeanClass());
 enhancer.setNamingPolicy(SpringNamingPolicy.INSTANCE);
 if (this.owner instanceof ConfigurableBeanFactory) {
  ClassLoader cl = ((ConfigurableBeanFactory) this.owner).getBeanClassLoader();
  enhancer.setStrategy(new ClassLoaderAwareGeneratorStrategy(cl));
 }
 // 过滤，自定义逻辑来指定调用的callback下标
 enhancer.setCallbackFilter(new MethodOverrideCallbackFilter(beanDefinition));
 enhancer.setCallbackTypes(CALLBACK_TYPES);
 return enhancer.createClass();
}

获取子类增强 class 后，如果 Constructor 实例 ctr 为空，则调用默认构造函数（ BeanUtils.instantiateClass()）来实例化类，否则则根据构造函数类型获取具体的构造器，调用 newInstance() 实例化类。在 createEnhancedSubclass() 我们注意两行代码：

enhancer.setCallbackFilter(new MethodOverrideCallbackFilter(beanDefinition));
enhancer.setCallbackTypes(CALLBACK_TYPES);

通过 MethodOverrideCallbackFilter 来定义调用 callback 类型，MethodOverrideCallbackFilter 是用来定义 CGLIB 回调过滤方法的拦截器行为，它继承 CglibIdentitySupport 实现 CallbackFilter 接口， CallbackFilter 是 CGLIB 的一个回调过滤器，CglibIdentitySupport 则为 CGLIB 提供 hashCode() 和 equals() 方法，以确保 CGLIB 不会为每个 bean 生成不同的类。MethodOverrideCallbackFilter 实现 CallbackFilter accept()：

public int accept(Method method) {
   MethodOverride methodOverride = getBeanDefinition().getMethodOverrides().getOverride(method);
   if (logger.isTraceEnabled()) {
    logger.trace("Override for '" + method.getName() + "' is [" + methodOverride + "]");
   }
   if (methodOverride == null) {
    return PASSTHROUGH;
   }
   else if (methodOverride instanceof LookupOverride) {
    return LOOKUP_OVERRIDE;
   }
   else if (methodOverride instanceof ReplaceOverride) {
    return METHOD_REPLACER;
   }
   throw new UnsupportedOperationException("Unexpected MethodOverride subclass: " +
     methodOverride.getClass().getName());
  }

根据 BeanDefinition 中定义的 MethodOverride 不同，返回不同的值，这里返回的 PASSTHROUGH 、LOOKUPOVERRIDE、METHODREPLACER 都是 Callbak 数组的下标，这里对应的数组为 CALLBACK_TYPES 数组，如下：

private static final Class<?>[] CALLBACK_TYPES = new Class<?>[]
    {NoOp.class, LookupOverrideMethodInterceptor.class, ReplaceOverrideMethodInterceptor.class};

这里又定义了两个熟悉的拦截器：LookupOverrideMethodInterceptor 和 ReplaceOverrideMethodInterceptor，两个拦截器分别对应两个不同的 callback 业务：

LookupOverrideMethodInterceptor

private static class LookupOverrideMethodInterceptor extends CglibIdentitySupport implements MethodInterceptor {

  private final BeanFactory owner;

  public LookupOverrideMethodInterceptor(RootBeanDefinition beanDefinition, BeanFactory owner) {
   super(beanDefinition);
   this.owner = owner;
  }

  @Override
  public Object intercept(Object obj, Method method, Object[] args, MethodProxy mp) throws Throwable {
   // Cast is safe, as CallbackFilter filters are used selectively.
   LookupOverride lo = (LookupOverride) getBeanDefinition().getMethodOverrides().getOverride(method);
   Assert.state(lo != null, "LookupOverride not found");
   Object[] argsToUse = (args.length > 0 ? args : null); // if no-arg, don't insist on args at all
   if (StringUtils.hasText(lo.getBeanName())) {
    return (argsToUse != null ? this.owner.getBean(lo.getBeanName(), argsToUse) :
      this.owner.getBean(lo.getBeanName()));
   }
   else {
    return (argsToUse != null ? this.owner.getBean(method.getReturnType(), argsToUse) :
      this.owner.getBean(method.getReturnType()));
   }
  }
 }

ReplaceOverrideMethodInterceptor

private static class ReplaceOverrideMethodInterceptor extends CglibIdentitySupport implements MethodInterceptor {

  private final BeanFactory owner;

  public ReplaceOverrideMethodInterceptor(RootBeanDefinition beanDefinition, BeanFactory owner) {
   super(beanDefinition);
   this.owner = owner;
  }

  @Override
  public Object intercept(Object obj, Method method, Object[] args, MethodProxy mp) throws Throwable {
   ReplaceOverride ro = (ReplaceOverride) getBeanDefinition().getMethodOverrides().getOverride(method);
   Assert.state(ro != null, "ReplaceOverride not found");
   // TODO could cache if a singleton for minor performance optimization
   MethodReplacer mr = this.owner.getBean(ro.getMethodReplacerBeanName(), MethodReplacer.class);
   return mr.reimplement(obj, method, args);
  }
 }

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