Python语句

md5sum /bin/ls /root/ls #产看两个文件的属性是否相同,用md5sum查看 
def gen_fibs(l):  #定义函数用def gen_fibs()
    fibs = [0, 1]
    for i in range(l-2):
        fibs.append(fibs[-1] + fibs[-2])
    return fibs
a = int(raw_input('length: '))
print gen_fibs(a)  #调用函数
print gen_fibs(20)
try:
    num = int(raw_input("number: "))
    result = 100 / num
except ValueError:
    print 'You must input a number'
except ZeroDivisionError:
    print '0 is not allowed'
except (KeyboardInterrupt, EOFError):
    print '\nBye-bye'
else:
    print result #出现异常才会打印
finally:
    print 'Done' #不管出不出现异常最终都会输出Done
def set_age(name, age):
    if not 0 < age < 150:
        raise ValueError, 'age out of range' #相当于主动触发异常,用关键字raise,后面跟要引发的异常的名称
    print '%s is %s years old' % (name, age)
def set_age2(name,age):
    assert 0 < age < 150, 'age out of range' #断言异常的肯定，用关键字assert
    print '%s is %s years old' % (name, age)
if __name__ == '__main__':
    set_age('hanjie', 22)
    set_age2('hanjie', 220)
>>> with open('/etc/passwd') as f:
...     f.readline()
... 
'root:x:0:0:root:/root:/bin/bash\n'

import re
def count_patt(fname, patt):
    result = {}
    cpatt = re.compile(patt)
    fobj = open(fname)
    for line in fobj:
        m = cpatt.search(line)
        if m:
            key = m.group()
            if key not in result:
                result[key] = 1
            else:
                result[key] += 1
        fobj.close()
        return result
if __name__ == '__main__':
    fname = 'access_log'
    ip_patt = '^(\d+\.){3}\d+'
    br_patt = 'Firefox|MISE|Chrome'
    print count_patt(fname, ip_patt)
    print count_patt(fname, br_patt)
Python中使用的快捷方式'tab'键
vim /usr/local/bin/tab.py
from rlcompleter import readline
readline.parse_and_bind('tab: complete')
vim ~/.bashrc
export PYTHONSTARTUP=/usr/local/bin/tab.py
source .bashrc
用Python编程创建用户：
import sys
import subprocess
import randpass
def adduser(username, fname):
    password = randpass.gen_pass()
    info = """user information:
    username: %s
    password: %s"""
    subprocess.call('useradd %s' % username, shell=True)
    subprocess.call('echo %s | passwd --stdin %s' % (password, username), shell=True)
    with open(fname, 'a') as fobj:
        fobj.write(info % (username, password))
if __name__ == '__main__':
    adduser(sys.argv[1], '/tmp/user.txt')
Python编程在以网段内有多少个主机是开着的：如下
import subprocess
import threading
def ping(host):
    result = subprocess.call('ping -c2 %s &> /dev/null' % host, shell=True)
    if result == 0:
        print '%s: up' % host
    else:
        print '%s: down' % host
if __name__ == '__main__':
    ips = ['176.130.8.%s' % i for i in range(1, 255)]
    for ip in ips:
        t = threading.Thread(target=ping, args=[ip]) #调用多线成模块
        t.start()
多线程实现ssh并发访问：       
import threading
import getpass
import paramiko
import sys
import os
def remote_comm(host, pwd, command):
    ssh = paramiko.SSHClient()
    ssh.set_missing_host_key_policy(paramiko.AutoAddPolicy())
    ssh.connect(host, username= 'root', password= pwd)
    stdin, stdout, stderr = ssh.exec_command(command)
    out = stdout.read()
    error = stderr.read()
    if out:
        print "[out] %s: \n%s" %(host, out),
    if error:
        print "[error] %s: \n%s" %(host, error),
        ssh.close()
if __name__ == '__main__':
    if len(sys.argv) != 3:
        print "Usage: %s ipfile 'command'" % sys.argv[0]
        sys.exit(1)
    ipfile = sys.argv[1]
    command = sys.argv[2]
    if not os.path.isfile(ipfile):
        print "No such file:", ipfile
        sys.exit(2)
    pwd = getpass.getpass("password:")
    with open(ipfile) as fobj:
        for line in fobj:
            ip = line.strip()
            t = threading.Thread(target=remote_comm, args=(ip, pwd, command))
            t.start()
剪刀石头布当输入错误时会引发，一些错误提示
pwin = 0  #人赢的次数
cwin = 0  #电脑赢得次数
import random
all_choices = ['石头', '剪刀', '布']
win_list = [['石头', '剪刀'], ['剪刀', '布'], ['石头', '布']]
prompt = """(0)石头
(1)剪刀
(2)布
请选择(0/1/2):"""
while pwin < 2 and cwin < 2:
    computer = random.choice(all_choices)
    try:
        ind = int(raw_input(prompt))
        player = all_choices[ind]
    except (ValueError, IndexError):
        print 'Inavlid input. Try again'
        continue
    except (KeyboardInterrupt, EOFError):
        print '\nBye-bye'
        break
    print "Your choice: %s, Computer's choice: %s" %(player, computer)
    if player == computer:
        print '\033[32;1m平局\033[0m'
    elif [player,computer] in win_list:
        pwin += 1
        print '\033[31;1m你赢了\033[0m'
    else:
        cwin += 1
        print '\033[31;1m你输了\033[0m'