Django图书管理系统(单表操作)

以下内容需要掌握:

Python3 以及前端:HTML,CSS,jQuery,BootStrap,Django,JavaScript

开启Django新项目:

1,settings.py

 数据库选择:

①sqlite3(Django自带的数据库:文件式数据库):我们这里用sqlite3,下面MySQL配置仅做了解 ②MySQL: 配置: __init__.py:(对应应用文件夹下和urls.py同一个文件夹) import pymysql pymysql.install_as_MySQLdb()

------------------------------

settings.py: DATABASES = { 'default': { 'ENGINE': 'django.db.backends.mysql', 'NAME': '------输入数据库名---------', 'USER': '------输入数据库用户名root/其它----------', 'PASSWORD': '-----输入数据库密码------', 'HOST': '127.0.0.1', 'PORT': '3306', } }

2,建一个static文件夹:(项目名---新建--python package)

BootStrap文件夹 jQuery.3.3.1.js 自定义CSS

settings.py配置:

STATICFILES_DIRS = [ os.path.join(BASE_DIR, "static"), os.path.join(BASE_DIR, "recommend", "static"),     #  不加这句有可能出现页面渲染不了bootstrap的情况 ]

3,让控制台显示SQL查询语句

settings.py配置:

LOGGING = { 'version': 1, 'disable_existing_loggers': False, 'handlers': { 'console':{ 'level':'DEBUG', 'class':'logging.StreamHandler', }, }, 'loggers': { 'django.db.backends': { 'handlers': ['console'], 'propagate': True, 'level':'DEBUG', }, } }

4,templates目录下放网页

books.html        显示所有书籍

//jQuery.js引入到HTML:

<script src="/static/jQuery.3.3.1.js"></script>

//BootStrap.css引入到HTML:

<link rel="stylesheet" href="/static/bootstrap/css/bootstrap.css">

//------------------------------------------------------- //书籍列表 //添加书籍 //表格: //ID 书名 价格 出版日期 出版商 操 作 //------------------------------------------------------- <h3>书籍列表</h3>

<div class="row"> <div class="col-md-8 col-md-offset-2"> <a href="/books/add/" class="btn btn-primary"> 添加书籍</a> <table class="table table-striped table-hover"> <thead> <tr> <th>ID</th> <th>书籍名称</th> <th>价格</th> <th>出版社</th> <th>出版日期</th> <th>操作</th> </tr> </thead> <tbody> {% for book in queryset %} <tr> <td>{{ forloop.counter }}</td> <td>{{ book.title }}</td> <td>{{ book.price }}</td> <td>{{ book.publish }}</td> <td>{{ book.pub_date|date:"Y/m/d" }}</td> <td> <a href="/books/delete/{{ book.nid }}">删除</a> <a href="/books/edit/{{ book.nid }}">编辑</a> </td> </tr> {% endfor %}

</tbody> </table> </div> </div> <script> $("h3").click(function () {-------------------jQuery的知识 $(this).css("color","red") }) </script>

addbook.html    添加书籍

jQuery.js引入到HTML:

<script src="/static/jQuery.3.3.1.js"></script>

BootStrap.css引入到HTML:

<link rel="stylesheet" href="/static/bootstrap/css/bootstrap.css">

----------------------------

书名:input 价格:input 出版日期:input 出版商:input Submit提交

-----------------------------------

<h3>添加书籍</h3> <div class="row"> <div class="col-md-4 col-md-offset-3"> <form action="/books/add/" method="post"> {% csrf_token %} <div class="form-group"> <label for="title">书籍名称</label> <input class="form-control" type="text" id="title" placeholder="名称" name="title"> </div> <div class="form-group"> <label for="price"> 价格</label> <input class="form-control" type="text" id="price" placeholder="价格" name="price"> </div> <div class="form-group"> <label for="publish">出版社</label> <input class="form-control" type="text" id="publish" placeholder="出版社" name="publish"> </div> <div class="form-group"> <label for="pub_date">出版日期</label> <input class="form-control" type="date" id="pub_date" placeholder="出版日期" name="pub_date"> </div> <input type="submit"value="submit" class="btn btn-default pull-right"> </form> </div> </div>

editbook.html    编辑书籍

//jQuery.js引入到HTML:

<script src="/static/jQuery.3.3.1.js"></script>

//BootStrap.css引入到HTML:

<link rel="stylesheet" href="/static/bootstrap/css/bootstrap.css">

 -----------------------

编辑书籍 书名:input value=从数据库获取当前选择的ID对应的数据显示 价格:input value=从数据库获取当前选择的ID对应的数据显示 出版日期:input value=从数据库获取当前选择的ID对应的数据显示 出版商:input value=从数据库获取当前选择的ID对应的数据显示

Submit

----------------------

<h3>编辑书籍</h3> <div class="row"> <div class="col-md-4 col-md-offset-3"> <form action="" method="post"> {% csrf_token %} <div class="form-group"> <label for="title">书籍名称</label> <input class="form-control" type="text" id="title" placeholder="名称" name="title" value="{{ edit_book.title }}"> </div> <div class="form-group"> <label for="price"> 价格</label> <input class="form-control" type="text" id="price" placeholder="价格" name="price" value="{{ edit_book.price }}"> </div> <div class="form-group"> <label for="publish">出版社</label> <input class="form-control" type="text" id="publish" placeholder="出版社" name="publish" value="{{ edit_book.publish }}"> </div> <div class="form-group"> <label for="pub_date">出版日期</label> <input class="form-control" type="date" id="pub_date" placeholder="出版日期" name="pub_date" value="{{ edit_book.pub_date|date:'Y-m-d' }}"> </div> <input type="submit"value="submit" class="btn btn-default pull-right"> </form> </div> </div>

5,models.py

class Book(models.Model): # -------继承模型类 id = models.AutoField(primary_key=True) # --------自增(主键) title = models.CharField(max_length=32) # --------字符串(长度32位) price = models.DecimalField(max_digits=5,decimal_places=2) # -----最大位数,浮点位数 publish = models.CharField(max_length=32) pub_date = models.DateTimeField() class Meta: # ------告诉解析器自己定义数据表名(否则 app01Book) db_table='book'

6,数据库迁移

Tools(工具栏): run manage.py Task...

>>>>>>>makemigrations

>>>>>>>migrate

完了后生成了db.sqlite3文件:

pycharm右边database:(sqlite3首次使用需下载,弹出框有,完后,左边项目目录下db.sqlite3双击) 点开右边database:book可以看到加入数据库的表格字段

7,urls.py

..............import re_path from book import views

urlpatterns=[

........... path('books',views.books) path('books/add/', views.addbook) re_path('books/delete/(\d+)', views.delbook) re_path(r'^books/edit/(\d+)$', views.editbook)

]

8,views.py

def books(request): queryset = Book.objects.all() return render(request,'books.html',{'queryset':queryset})

def addbook(request): # 方式1: if request.method=='POST': # title=request.POST.get('title') # ... # book=models.Book.objects.create(titles=title,price=price,publish=publish,pub_date=pub_date) # 方式2:(推荐) data=request.POST.dict() #-----------Querydict生成字典 data.pop('csrfmiddlewaretoken') book=models.Book.objects.create(**data) #-----聚合 return redirect('/books/') #-----------重定向到books else return return render(request,'addbook.html')

def delbook(request,del_id): models.Book.objects.filter(nid=del_id).delete() return redirect("/books/") def editbook(request,edie_id): if request.method=="GET": edit_book=models.Book.objects.filter(nid=edit_book_id).first()

return render(request,"editbook.html",{"edit_book":edit_book})

else: title = request.POST.get("title") price = request.POST.get("price") publish = request.POST.get("publish") pub_date = request.POST.get("pub_date") models.Book.objects.filter(nid=edit_book_id).update(title=title,price=price,publish=publish,pub_date=pub_date)

return redirect("/books/")

启动项目:

浏览器输入:

http://127.0.0.1:8000/books