[root@localhost bin]# cd /etc/sysconfig/network-scripts
[root@localhost network-scripts]# ls
ifcfg-ens33 ifdown-ppp ifup-ib ifup-Team
ifcfg-lo ifdown-routes ifup-ippp ifup-TeamPort
ifdown ifdown-sit ifup-ipv6 ifup-tunnel
ifdown-bnep ifdown-Team ifup-isdn ifup-wireless
ifdown-eth ifdown-TeamPort ifup-plip init.ipv6-global
ifdown-ib ifdown-tunnel ifup-plusb network-functions
ifdown-ippp ifup ifup-post network-functions-ipv6
ifdown-ipv6 ifup-aliases ifup-ppp
ifdown-isdn ifup-bnep ifup-routes
ifdown-post ifup-eth ifup-sit
[root@localhost network-scripts]# gedit ifcfg-ens33
开始配置是:
TYPE="Ethernet"
BOOTPROTO="dhcp"
DEFROUTE="yes"
PEERDNS="yes"
PEERROUTES="yes"
IPV4_FAILURE_FATAL="no"
IPV6INIT="yes"
IPV6_AUTOCONF="yes"
IPV6_DEFROUTE="yes"
IPV6_PEERDNS="yes"
IPV6_PEERROUTES="yes"
IPV6_FAILURE_FATAL="no"
NAME="ens33"
UUID="157c8fb5-23b3-414c-8519-25bef9b20a54"
DEVICE="ens33"
ONBOOT="yes"
修改成:
TYPE="Ethernet"
#BOOTPROTO="dhcp"
DEFROUTE="yes"
PEERDNS="yes"
PEERROUTES="yes"
IPV4_FAILURE_FATAL="no"
IPV6INIT="yes"
IPV6_AUTOCONF="yes"
IPV6_DEFROUTE="yes"
IPV6_PEERDNS="yes"
IPV6_PEERROUTES="yes"
IPV6_FAILURE_FATAL="no"
NAME="ens33"
UUID="157c8fb5-23b3-414c-8519-25bef9b20a54"
DEVICE="ens33"
#ONBOOT="yes"
#static assignment
NM_CONTROLLED=no #表示该接口将通过该配置文件进行设置,而不是通过网络管理器进行管理
ONBOOT=yes #开机启动
BOOTPROTO=static #静态IP
IPADDR=192.168.1.122 #本机地址
NETMASK=255.255.255.0 #子网掩码
GATEWAY=192.168.1.1 #默认网关
# Created by anaconda
NETWORKING=yes
GATEWAY=192.168.1.1
DNS1=119.29.29.29
DNS2=182.254.116.116
service network restart
[root@localhost ~]# ip addr
1: lo: <LOOPBACK,UP,LOWER_UP> mtu 65536 qdisc noqueue state UNKNOWN qlen 1
link/loopback 00:00:00:00:00:00 brd 00:00:00:00:00:00
inet 127.0.0.1/8 scope host lo
valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever
inet6 ::1/128 scope host
valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever
2: eno16777736: <BROADCAST,MULTICAST,UP,LOWER_UP> mtu 1500 qdisc pfifo_fast state UP qlen 1000
link/ether 00:0c:29:a7:a0:8c brd ff:ff:ff:ff:ff:ff
inet 192.168.1.104/24 brd 192.168.1.255 scope global dynamic eno16777736
valid_lft 7141sec preferred_lft 7141sec
inet 192.168.1.122/24 brd 192.168.1.255 scope global secondary eno16777736
valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever
inet6 fe80::ac30:2bcb:e910:3ae/64 scope link
valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever
3: virbr0: <NO-CARRIER,BROADCAST,MULTICAST,UP> mtu 1500 qdisc noqueue state DOWN qlen 1000
link/ether 52:54:00:74:cb:1a brd ff:ff:ff:ff:ff:ff
inet 192.168.122.1/24 brd 192.168.122.255 scope global virbr0
valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever
4: virbr0-nic: <BROADCAST,MULTICAST> mtu 1500 qdisc pfifo_fast master virbr0 state DOWN qlen 1000
link/ether 52:54:00:74:cb:1a brd ff:ff:ff:ff:ff:ff
先查看具体的 link/ether
再赋值到ens33中
比如:
TYPE="Ethernet"
#BOOTPROTO="dhcp"
DEFROUTE="yes"
PEERDNS="yes"
PEERROUTES="yes"
IPV4_FAILURE_FATAL="no"
IPV6INIT="yes"
IPV6_AUTOCONF="yes"
IPV6_DEFROUTE="yes"
IPV6_PEERDNS="yes"
IPV6_PEERROUTES="yes"
IPV6_FAILURE_FATAL="no"
NAME="eno16777736"
UUID="157c8fb5-23b3-414c-8519-25bef9b20a54"
DEVICE="eno16777736"
#ONBOOT="yes"
#static assignment
NM_CONTROLLED=no #表示该接口将通过该配置文件进行设置,而不是通过网络管理器进行管理
ONBOOT=yes #开机启动
BOOTPROTO=static #静态IP
IPADDR=192.168.1.122 #本机地址
NETMASK=255.255.255.0 #子网掩码
GATEWAY=192.168.1.1 #默认网关
HWADDR=00:0c:29:a7:a0:8c
systemctl enable NetworkManager-wait-online.service
重启服务。
=======================================================================
错误的经验:
误以为是桥接模式,后来发现是NAT,没有设置虚拟机的 虚拟网络编辑器,坑!
修改成:
TYPE="Ethernet"
BOOTPROTO="static"
NM_CONTROLLED=no #表示该接口将通过该配置文件进行设置,而不是通过网络管理器进行管理
DEFROUTE="yes"
PEERDNS="yes"
PEERROUTES="yes"
IPV4_FAILURE_FATAL="no"
IPV6INIT="yes"
IPV6_AUTOCONF="yes"
IPV6_DEFROUTE="yes"
IPV6_PEERDNS="yes"
IPV6_PEERROUTES="yes"
IPV6_FAILURE_FATAL="no"
NAME="eno16777736"
UUID="157c8fb5-23b3-414c-8519-25bef9b20a54"
DEVICE="eno16777736"
ONBOOT="yes" #系统将在启动时开启该接口。
IPADDR=192.168.1.122 #静态IP
GATEWAY=192.168.1.1 #默认网关
NETMASK=255.255.255.0 #子网掩码
#DNS1=192.168.7.1 #DNS 配置
重启网络服务:
service network restart
重启网络服务以后ok,但是重启系统以后还是变成了动态的,
[root@localhost ~]# ip addr
1: lo: <LOOPBACK,UP,LOWER_UP> mtu 65536 qdisc noqueue state UNKNOWN qlen 1
link/loopback 00:00:00:00:00:00 brd 00:00:00:00:00:00
inet 127.0.0.1/8 scope host lo
valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever
inet6 ::1/128 scope host
valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever
2: eno16777736: <BROADCAST,MULTICAST,UP,LOWER_UP> mtu 1500 qdisc pfifo_fast state UP qlen 1000
link/ether 00:0c:29:a7:a0:8c brd ff:ff:ff:ff:ff:ff
inet 192.168.1.104/24 brd 192.168.1.255 scope global dynamic eno16777736
valid_lft 6995sec preferred_lft 6995sec
inet 192.168.1.122/24 brd 192.168.1.255 scope global secondary eno16777736
valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever
inet6 fe80::9283:cd42:a281:7a9b/64 scope link
valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever
3: virbr0: <NO-CARRIER,BROADCAST,MULTICAST,UP> mtu 1500 qdisc noqueue state DOWN qlen 1000
link/ether 52:54:00:74:cb:1a brd ff:ff:ff:ff:ff:ff
inet 192.168.122.1/24 brd 192.168.122.255 scope global virbr0
valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever
4: virbr0-nic: <BROADCAST,MULTICAST> mtu 1500 qdisc pfifo_fast master virbr0 state DOWN qlen 1000
link/ether 52:54:00:74:cb:1a brd ff:ff:ff:ff:ff:ff
[root@localhost ~]# systemctl disable NetworkManager.service
Removed symlink /etc/systemd/system/multi-user.target.wants/NetworkManager.service.
Removed symlink /etc/systemd/system/dbus-org.freedesktop.NetworkManager.service.
Removed symlink /etc/systemd/system/dbus-org.freedesktop.nm-dispatcher.service.
[root@localhost ~]# chkconfig network on
[root@localhost ~]# systemctl stop NetworkManager
[root@localhost ~]# systemctl restart network
可以从上面看出两个ip
192.168.1.104
192.168.1.122
解决方法:
systemctl disable NetworkManager.service
chkconfig network on
systemctl stop NetworkManager
systemctl restart network
如果还出现
[hongdada@localhost ~]$ systemctl status network.service
● network.service - LSB: Bring up/down networking
Loaded: loaded (/etc/rc.d/init.d/network; bad; vendor preset: disabled)
Active: failed (Result: exit-code) since 日 2017-12-03 23:05:01 CST; 2min 45s ago
Docs: man:systemd-sysv-generator(8)
Process: 3957 ExecStart=/etc/rc.d/init.d/network start (code=exited, status=1/FAILURE)
12月 03 23:05:01 localhost.localdomain network[3957]: RTNETLINK answers: File exists
12月 03 23:05:01 localhost.localdomain network[3957]: RTNETLINK answers: File exists
12月 03 23:05:01 localhost.localdomain network[3957]: RTNETLINK answers: File exists
12月 03 23:05:01 localhost.localdomain network[3957]: RTNETLINK answers: File exists
12月 03 23:05:01 localhost.localdomain network[3957]: RTNETLINK answers: File exists
12月 03 23:05:01 localhost.localdomain network[3957]: RTNETLINK answers: File exists
12月 03 23:05:01 localhost.localdomain systemd[1]: network.service: control process exited, code=exited status=1
12月 03 23:05:01 localhost.localdomain systemd[1]: Failed to start LSB: Bring up/down networking.
12月 03 23:05:01 localhost.localdomain systemd[1]: Unit network.service entered failed state.
12月 03 23:05:01 localhost.localdomain systemd[1]: network.service fail
那么。。。
查看https://blog.csdn.net/kokuma/article/details/72876106
可以使用journel -xe查看日志,一般就是修改配置文件里面的Name,DEVICE 为ens33
首先使用ip addr查看网卡,然后查看ifconfig
一般如果是第一次的,就是不是克隆的话,网卡名称为eno16777736,这里只要设定静态ip即可,如果是克隆的话,ip addr里面会发现网卡名称变成了ens33,这样的话,我们也必须在/etc/sysconfig/network-scripts/eno167777736文件里面把NAME,DEVICE里面的改成ens33,重新设定静态IP,重启即可。
http://www.cnblogs.com/Leo_wl/p/5484136.html
http://www.bbsmax.com/A/n2d9D39v5D/
作者:hongdada
出处:https://www.cnblogs.com/hongdada/p/6666932.html
静态的(Static hostname)
“静态”主机名也称为内核主机名,是系统在启动时从/etc/hostname自动初始化的主机名。
瞬态的(Tansient hostname)
“瞬态”主机名是在系统运行时临时分配的主机名,例如,通过DHCP或mDNS服务器分配。
灵活的(Pretty hostname)
“灵活”主机名也有人叫做“别名”主机名。
“灵活”主机名则允许使用自由形式(包括特殊/空白字符)的主机名,以展示给终端用户(如xh01@f5)。
“静态”主机名和“瞬态”主机名都遵从作为互联网域名同样的字符限制规则。
在CentOS 7中,有个叫hostnamectl的命令行工具,它允许你查看或修改与主机名相关的配置。
查看主机名:
//查看一下当前主机名的情况,查看全部三种主机名
`hostnamectl`
//或者,查看全部三种主机名
`hostnamectl status`
//只查看静态、瞬态或灵活主机名,分别使用--static,--transient或--pretty选项
[root@xh00 ~]# hostnamectl --static
xh00
[root@xh00 ~]# hostnamectl --transient
xh01
[root@xh00 ~]# hostnamectl --pretty
//或者,查看到的是瞬态的(Tansient hostname)
hostname
//或者查看主机名配置文件,查看到的是静态的(Static hostname)
cat /etc/hostname
查看当前Linux操作系统相关信息(内核版本号、硬件架构、主机名称和操作系统类型等):
uname -a //查看到的是瞬态的(Tansient hostname)
cat /etc/redhat-release //查看操作系统环境
修改主机名:
方法1:临时有效
hostname 主机名 //只能临时修改的主机名,当重启机器后,主机名称又变回来了。
hostname xh01
方法2:永久生效
//永久性的修改主机名称,重启后能保持修改后的。
hostnamectl set-hostname xxx
//删除hostname
hostnamectl set-hostname ""
hostnamectl set-hostname "" --static
hostnamectl set-hostname "" --pretty
修改所有三个主机名:静态、瞬态和灵活主机名:
[root@localhost ~]# hostnamectl set-hostname xh00
[root@localhost ~]# hostnamectl --pretty
[root@localhost ~]# hostnamectl --static
xh00
[root@localhost ~]# hostnamectl --transient
xh00
就像上面展示的那样,在修改静态/瞬态主机名时,任何特殊字符或空白字符会被移除,而提供的参数中的任何大写字母会自动转化为小写。
一旦修改了静态主机名,/etc/hostname 将被自动更新。然而,/etc/hosts 不会更新以保存所做的修改,所以你每次在修改主机名后一定要手动更新/etc/hosts,之后再重启CentOS 7。否则系统再启动时会很慢。
手动更新/etc/hosts
vim /etc/hosts
#127.0.0.1 localhost localhost.localdomain localhost4 localhost4.localdomain4
127.0.0.1 qqmm
#::1 localhost localhost.localdomain localhost6 localhost6.localdomain6
::1 qqmm
重启CentOS 7
reboot -f
重启之后
[root@qqmm ~]# hostname
xh01
[root@qqmm ~]# hostnamectl
xh01
xh01如果你只想修改特定的主机名(静态,瞬态或灵活),你可以使用--static,--transient或--pretty选项。
例如,要永久修改主机名,你可以修改静态主机名:
root@localhost ~# hostnamectl --static set-hostname xh01
重启CentOS 7 之后
root@localhost ~# hostnamectl --static
xh01
root@localhost ~# hostnamectl --transient
xh01
root@localhost ~# hostnamectl --pretty
root@localhost ~# hostname
xh01
其实,你不必重启机器以激活永久主机名修改。上面的命令会立即修改内核主机名,注销并重新登入后在命令行提示来观察新的静态主机名
参考文章:https://www.jianshu.com/p/39d7000dfa47
方法3:永久生效
修改配置文件/etc/hostname来实现主机名的修改。把该文件内容hostname name中的name替换成自己想要的主机名重启即可。
```Bash
vim /etc/hostname
hostname myname
或
通过nmtui修改,之后重启hostnamed
```javascript
nmcli general hostname servername
systemctl restart systemd-hostnamed
原文:https://blog.csdn.net/xuheng8600/article/details/79983927
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