打印机+树莓派=网络打印机?
前言
之前买了台pi zero，然后一直仍在家里当网站服务器，感觉有点浪费。正好家里有台打印机，于是找了根OTG线连接打印机实现局域网内共享打印机。
什么是CUPS
CUPS(Common UNIX Printing System,即通用Unix打印系统)是linux下一款可以创建打印机服务器的软件,内置了常用打印机的驱动，并且配有WEB页面,可以说是一款很棒的软件了。
准备
树莓派*1(此处使用的是raspbian系统)
路由器*1
打印机*1
电脑*1（用于配制树莓派）
一双敢于尝试的双手开始
1.将树莓派通电，并连接打印机(打印机应处于开机状态)
开机
2.电脑连接树莓派SSH.
SSH
3.提权,并安装cups(中途需要输入Y回车同意安装).
sudo -s
apt-get install cups4.安装完成后将pi添加到Ipadmin如果你使用其他用户登录，则添加你自己的用户名.
sudo usermod -a -G lpadmin pi5.接下来，先介入将cups服务停止,然后编辑配置文件(这边推荐使用vim因为习惯了吧).
sudo service cups stop
apt-get install vim
vim /etc/cups/cupsd.conf编辑配置内容为：
cupsd.conf
#
# Configuration file for the CUPS scheduler. See "man cupsd.conf" for a
# complete description of this file.
#
# Log general information in error_log - change "warn" to "debug"
# for troubleshooting...
LogLevel warn
PageLogFormat
# Deactivate CUPS' internal logrotating, as we provide a better one, especially
# LogLevel debug2 gets usable now
MaxLogSize 0
# Only listen for connections from the local machine.
# Listen localhost:631
# Listen /run/cups/cups.sock
Listen 0.0.0.0:631
...
...
...
# Show shared printers on the local network.
Browsing On
BrowseLocalProtocols dnssd
# Default authentication type, when authentication is required...
DefaultAuthType Basic
# Web interface setting...
WebInterface Yes
# Restrict access to the server...
<Location />
Order allow,deny
Allow from @Local
</Location>
# Restrict access to the admin pages...
<Location /admin>
Order allow,deny
Allow from @Local
</Location>
# Restrict access to configuration files...
<Location /admin/conf>
AuthType Default
Require user @SYSTEM
Order allow,deny
Allow [email protected]
</Location>
# Restrict access to log files...
<Location /admin/log>
AuthType Default
Require user @SYSTEM
Order allow,deny
</Location>
# Set the default printer/job policies...
<Policy default>
# Job/subscription privacy...
JobPrivateAccess default
JobPrivateValues default
SubscriptionPrivateAccess default
SubscriptionPrivateValues default
# Job-related operations must be done by the owner or an administrator...
<Limit Create-Job Print-Job Print-URI Validate-Job>
Order deny,allow
</Limit>
<Limit Send-Document Send-URI Hold-Job Release-Job Restart-Job Purge-Jobs Set-Job-Attributes Create-Job-Subscription Renew-Subscription Cancel-Subscription Get-Notifications Reprocess-Job Cancel-Current-Job Suspend-Current-Job Resume-Job Cancel-My-Jobs Close-Job CUPS-Move-Job CUPS-Get-Document>
Require user @OWNER @SYSTEM
Order deny,allow
</Limit>
# All administration operations require an administrator to authenticate...
<Limit CUPS-Add-Modify-Printer CUPS-Delete-Printer CUPS-Add-Modify-Class CUPS-Delete-Class CUPS-Set-Default CUPS-Get-Devices>
AuthType Default
Require user @SYSTEM
Order deny,allow
</Limit>
# All printer operations require a printer operator to authenticate...
<Limit Pause-Printer Resume-Printer Enable-Printer Disable-Printer Pause-Printer-After-Current-Job Hold-New-Jobs Release-Held-New-Jobs Deactivate-Printer Activate-Printer Restart-Printer Shutdown-Printer Startup-Printer Promote-Job Schedule-Job-After Cancel-Jobs CUPS-Accept-Jobs CUPS-Reject-Jobs>
AuthType Default
Require user @SYSTEM
Order deny,allow
</Limit>
# Only the owner or an administrator can cancel or authenticate a job...
<Limit Cancel-Job CUPS-Authenticate-Job>
Require user @OWNER @SYSTEM
Order deny,allow
</Limit>
<Limit All>
Order deny,allow
</Limit>
</Policy>
# Set the authenticated printer/job policies...
<Policy authenticated>
# Job/subscription privacy...
JobPrivateAccess default
JobPrivateValues default
SubscriptionPrivateAccess default
SubscriptionPrivateValues default
# Job-related operations must be done by the owner or an administrator...
<Limit Create-Job Print-Job Print-URI Validate-Job>
AuthType Default
Order deny,allow
</Limit>
<Limit Send-Document Send-URI Hold-Job Release-Job Restart-Job Purge-Jobs Set-Job-Attributes Create-Job-Subscription Renew-Subscription Cancel-Subscription Get-Notifications Reprocess-Job Cancel-Current-Job Suspend-Current-Job Resume-Job Cancel-My-Jobs Close-Job CUPS-Move-Job CUPS-Get-Document>
AuthType Default
Require user @OWNER @SYSTEM
Order deny,allow
</Limit>
# All administration operations require an administrator to authenticate...
<Limit CUPS-Add-Modify-Printer CUPS-Delete-Printer CUPS-Add-Modify-Class CUPS-Delete-Class CUPS-Set-Default>
AuthType Default
Require user @SYSTEM
Order deny,allow
</Limit>
# All printer operations require a printer operator to authenticate...
<Limit Pause-Printer Resume-Printer Enable-Printer Disable-Printer Pause-Printer-After-Current-Job Hold-New-Jobs Release-Held-New-Jobs Deactivate-Printer Activate-Printer Restart-Printer Shutdown-Printer Startup-Printer Promote-Job Schedule-Job-After Cancel-Jobs CUPS-Accept-Jobs CUPS-Reject-Jobs>
AuthType Default
Require user @SYSTEM
Order deny,allow
</Limit>
# Only the owner or an administrator can cancel or authenticate a job...
<Limit Cancel-Job CUPS-Authenticate-Job>
AuthType Default
Require user @OWNER @SYSTEM
Order deny,allow
</Limit>
<Limit All>
Order deny,allow
</Limit>
</Policy>
# Set the kerberized printer/job policies...
<Policy kerberos>
# Job/subscription privacy...
JobPrivateAccess default
JobPrivateValues default
SubscriptionPrivateAccess default
SubscriptionPrivateValues default
# Job-related operations must be done by the owner or an administrator...
<Limit Create-Job Print-Job Print-URI Validate-Job>
AuthType Negotiate
Order deny,allow
</Limit>
<Limit Send-Document Send-URI Hold-Job Release-Job Restart-Job Purge-Jobs Set-Job-Attributes Create-Job-Subscription Renew-Subscription Cancel-Subscription Get-Notifications Reprocess-Job Cancel-Current-Job Suspend-Current-Job Resume-Job Cancel-My-Jobs Close-Job CUPS-Move-Job CUPS-Get-Document>
AuthType Negotiate
Require user @OWNER @SYSTEM
Order deny,allow
</Limit>
# All administration operations require an administrator to authenticate...
<Limit CUPS-Add-Modify-Printer CUPS-Delete-Printer CUPS-Add-Modify-Class CUPS-Delete-Class CUPS-Set-Default>
AuthType Default
Require user @SYSTEM
Order deny,allow
</Limit>
# All printer operations require a printer operator to authenticate...
<Limit Pause-Printer Resume-Printer Enable-Printer Disable-Printer Pause-Printer-After-Current-Job Hold-New-Jobs Release-Held-New-Jobs Deactivate-Printer Activate-Printer Restart-Printer Shutdown-Printer Startup-Printer Promote-Job Schedule-Job-After Cancel-Jobs CUPS-Accept-Jobs CUPS-Reject-Jobs>
AuthType Default
Require user @SYSTEM
Order deny,allow
</Limit>
# Only the owner or an administrator can cancel or authenticate a job...
<Limit Cancel-Job CUPS-Authenticate-Job>
AuthType Negotiate
Require user @OWNER @SYSTEM
Order deny,allow
</Limit>
<Limit All>
Order deny,allow
</Limit>
</Policy>TIP:不同版本的cups配置内容应不同，但修改配置主要是为了是局域网内的计算机都能访问到cups server(cups默认只允许本机访问，就是加个显示屏浏览器输入127.0.0.1:631)
然后，重新启动cups服务.
sudo service cups start6.接着浏览器访问http://你的树莓派IP地址:631进入cups的配置界面，可以看到cups还是挺注重用户使用的，制作了网页来方便用户配置吧。在上面菜单栏中找到Administrator点击进入.
cups
7.进入后点击Printers中的add printer.按照提示访问https://ip:631/admin/，自签证书提示不安全很正常，此处我们点击高级-继续前往ip(不安全)。打开后重新点击add printer,这是提示登录，输入自己第四步添加权限的用户名以及ssh密码即可.
add
8.选择你自己的打印机(本人使用的是Lenovo_M7206)并点击continue
continue
9.勾选share this printrt 再次点击continue.
share
10.下一页面是用来选择自己打印机驱动的，cups内置了大多数常见的打印机驱动，如果没有你适配的请联系打印机供应商提供linux版本的打印机驱动（由于我的打印机并没有找到驱动,但该打印机驱动是gdi驱动的，所以我就直接使用的同款gdi驱动的brother驱动）选择好后点击add printer
set
11.打印机选项这边直接默认即可，直接点击Set Default Options此时，您已成功配置cups server并连接至打印机了.
windows连接打印机
1.打开设置,点击设备.
dervice
2.选择打印机和扫描仪，点击添加打印机或扫描仪，便很快能找到你的打印机（电脑和打印机要在同一个局域网下）如果找不到可以手动添加http://树莓派ip:631/printers/设置的打印机名即可.
win add
3.接着你便可以在word等常见应用找到该打印机.
word
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