Java多线程探索（二）：优秀的ThreadPoolExecutor到底是如何工作的？

// 主要的线程池控制状态变量，用32位二进制表示
private final AtomicInteger ctl = new AtomicInteger(ctlOf(RUNNING, 0));

// 阻塞队列，用于保存等待执行资源的任务，可以自行选择相应的阻塞队列
private final BlockingQueue<Runnable> workQueue;

private final ReentrantLock mainLock = new ReentrantLock();

// 用于保存线程池中所有的worker线程，只有持有mainLock才可以获取
private final HashSet<Worker> workers = new HashSet<Worker>();

// 用于支持awaitTermination()方法的等待条件
private final Condition termination = mainLock.newCondition();

// 用于追踪最大可获得的线程池的大小
private int largestPoolSize;

// 用于记录已经完成的任务数量
private long completedTaskCount;

// 线程池工厂，所有的线程都是通过addWorker()来创建
private volatile ThreadFactory threadFactory;

// 当线程池和阻塞队列满或者线程池被关闭时会启用handler
private volatile RejectedExecutionHandler handler;

// 空闲线程保持时间
private volatile long keepAliveTime;

// 核心线程池大小，即保持存活的最小worker的数量（不会超时，除非设置了allowCoreThreadTimeOut，此时最小值为0）
private volatile int corePoolSize;

// 最大线程池大小
private volatile int maximumPoolSize;

public ThreadPoolExecutor(int corePoolSize,
                          int maximumPoolSize,
                          long keepAliveTime,
                          TimeUnit unit,
                          BlockingQueue<Runnable> workQueue,
                          ThreadFactory threadFactory,
                          RejectedExecutionHandler handler) {
    if (corePoolSize < 0 ||
        maximumPoolSize <= 0 ||
        maximumPoolSize < corePoolSize ||
        keepAliveTime < 0)
        throw new IllegalArgumentException();
    if (workQueue == null || threadFactory == null || handler == null)
        throw new NullPointerException();
    this.corePoolSize = corePoolSize;
    this.maximumPoolSize = maximumPoolSize;
    this.workQueue = workQueue;
    this.keepAliveTime = unit.toNanos(keepAliveTime);
    this.threadFactory = threadFactory;
    this.handler = handler;
}

private final class Worker
    extends AbstractQueuedSynchronizer
    implements Runnable
{
    /**
     * This class will never be serialized, but we provide a
     * serialVersionUID to suppress a javac warning.
     */
    private static final long serialVersionUID = 6138294804551838833L;

    /** Thread this worker is running in.  Null if factory fails. */
    final Thread thread;
    /** Initial task to run.  Possibly null. */
    Runnable firstTask;
    /** Per-thread task counter */
    volatile long completedTasks;

    /**
     * Creates with given first task and thread from ThreadFactory.
     * @param firstTask the first task (null if none)
     */
    Worker(Runnable firstTask) {
	// 这里将state设置为-1是为了阻止中断，直到执行了runWorker方法
        setState(-1); // inhibit interrupts until runWorker
        this.firstTask = firstTask;
        this.thread = getThreadFactory().newThread(this);
    }

    /** Delegates main run loop to outer runWorker  */
    public void run() {
        runWorker(this);
    }

    // Lock methods
    //
    // The value 0 represents the unlocked state.
    // The value 1 represents the locked state.

    protected boolean isHeldExclusively() {
        return getState() != 0;
    }

    protected boolean tryAcquire(int unused) {
	// 可以看到这里和ReentrantLock的区别，只能获取锁一次，即不可重入
        if (compareAndSetState(0, 1)) {
            setExclusiveOwnerThread(Thread.currentThread());
            return true;
        }
        return false;
    }

    protected boolean tryRelease(int unused) {
        setExclusiveOwnerThread(null);
        setState(0);
        return true;
    }

    public void lock()        { acquire(1); }
    public boolean tryLock()  { return tryAcquire(1); }
    public void unlock()      { release(1); }
    public boolean isLocked() { return isHeldExclusively(); }

    void interruptIfStarted() {
        Thread t;
        if (getState() >= 0 && (t = thread) != null && !t.isInterrupted()) {
            try {
                t.interrupt();
            } catch (SecurityException ignore) {
            }
        }
    }
}

public void setCorePoolSize(int corePoolSize) {
	、、、
		if (workerCountOf(ctl.get()) > corePoolSize)
    		interruptIdleWorkers();
	、、、
}

private void interruptIdleWorkers() {
    interruptIdleWorkers(false);
}

private void interruptIdleWorkers(boolean onlyOne) {
    final ReentrantLock mainLock = this.mainLock;
    mainLock.lock();
    try {
        for (Worker w : workers) {
            Thread t = w.thread;
	    // 如果可以重入，则会导致进入到这个代码块
            if (!t.isInterrupted() && w.tryLock()) {
                try {
                    t.interrupt();
                } catch (SecurityException ignore) {
                } finally {
                    w.unlock();
                }
            }
            if (onlyOne)
                break;
        }
    } finally {
        mainLock.unlock();
    }
}

public class TestThreadFactory implements ThreadFactory {

    /**
     * 姓名前缀
     */
    private final String namePrefix;

    private final AtomicInteger nextId = new AtomicInteger(0);

    public TestThreadFactory(String whatFeatureOfGroup){
        this.namePrefix = "From TestThreadFactory's " + whatFeatureOfGroup + "-Worker-";
    }

    @Override
    public Thread newThread(Runnable task) {
        String name = namePrefix
                + nextId.getAndIncrement();
        Thread thread = new Thread(null, task, name, 0);
        System.out.println(thread.getName());
        return thread;
    }
}

public void execute(Runnable command) {
    if (command == null)
        throw new NullPointerException();
    int c = ctl.get();
    if (workerCountOf(c) < corePoolSize) {
        if (addWorker(command, true))
            return;
        c = ctl.get();
    }
    if (isRunning(c) && workQueue.offer(command)) {
        int recheck = ctl.get();
        if (! isRunning(recheck) && remove(command))
            reject(command);
        else if (workerCountOf(recheck) == 0)
            addWorker(null, false);
    }
    else if (!addWorker(command, false))
        reject(command);
}

private boolean addWorker(Runnable firstTask, boolean core) {
    retry:
    for (;;) {
        int c = ctl.get();
        int rs = runStateOf(c);

        // Check if queue empty only if necessary.
	// 在这里进行线程池状态的检查和队列是否为空的检查
        if (rs >= SHUTDOWN &&
            ! (rs == SHUTDOWN &&
               firstTask == null &&
               ! workQueue.isEmpty()))
            return false;

        for (;;) {
            int wc = workerCountOf(c);
            if (wc >= CAPACITY ||
                wc >= (core ? corePoolSize : maximumPoolSize))
                return false;
            if (compareAndIncrementWorkerCount(c))
                break retry;
            c = ctl.get();  // Re-read ctl
            if (runStateOf(c) != rs)
                continue retry;
            // else CAS failed due to workerCount change; retry inner loop
        }
    }

    boolean workerStarted = false;
    boolean workerAdded = false;
    Worker w = null;
    try {
        w = new Worker(firstTask);
        final Thread t = w.thread;
        if (t != null) {
            final ReentrantLock mainLock = this.mainLock;
            mainLock.lock();
            try {
                // Recheck while holding lock.
                // Back out on ThreadFactory failure or if
                // shut down before lock acquired.
                int rs = runStateOf(ctl.get());

                if (rs < SHUTDOWN ||
                    (rs == SHUTDOWN && firstTask == null)) {
                    if (t.isAlive()) // precheck that t is startable
                        throw new IllegalThreadStateException();
                    workers.add(w);
                    int s = workers.size();
                    if (s > largestPoolSize)
                        largestPoolSize = s;
                    workerAdded = true;
                }
            } finally {
                mainLock.unlock();
            }
            if (workerAdded) {
                t.start();
                workerStarted = true;
            }
        }
    } finally {
        if (! workerStarted)
            addWorkerFailed(w);
    }
    return workerStarted;
}

public void run() {
    runWorker(this);
}

final void runWorker(Worker w) {
    Thread wt = Thread.currentThread();
    Runnable task = w.firstTask;
    w.firstTask = null;
    w.unlock(); // allow interrupts
    boolean completedAbruptly = true;
    try {
        while (task != null || (task = getTask()) != null) {
            w.lock();
	// If pool is stopping, ensure thread is interrupted;
	// if not, ensure thread is not interrupted.  This
	// requires a recheck in second case to deal with
	// shutdownNow race while clearing interrupt
            if ((runStateAtLeast(ctl.get(), STOP) ||
                 (Thread.interrupted() &&
                  runStateAtLeast(ctl.get(), STOP))) &&
                !wt.isInterrupted())
                wt.interrupt();
            try {
                beforeExecute(wt, task);
                Throwable thrown = null;
                try {
					   // 启动任务
                    task.run();
                } catch (RuntimeException x) {
                    thrown = x; throw x;
                } catch (Error x) {
                    thrown = x; throw x;
                } catch (Throwable x) {
                    thrown = x; throw new Error(x);
                } finally {
                    afterExecute(task, thrown);
                }
            } finally {
                task = null;
                w.completedTasks++;
                w.unlock();
            }
        }
		  // 完成任务数加一
        completedAbruptly = false;
    } finally {
        processWorkerExit(w, completedAbruptly);
    }
}