Python-turtle库绘图
Python-turtle库绘图
wangmcn
发布于 2022-07-25 16:29:27
发布于 2022-07-25 16:29:27
turtle库绘图
目录
- 一箭穿心
- 发射爱心
- 哆啦A梦
- 小鸭子
- 爱情树
- 玫瑰花
- 画星星
- 表白
- 小猪佩奇
- 树
- 时钟
turtle（海龟）库是turtle绘图体系的Python实现，turtle库是一种标准库，是Python自带的。
turtle（海龟）是一种真实的存在，有一个海龟在窗口的正中心，在画布上游走，走过的轨迹形成了绘制的图形，海龟由程序控制，可改变颜色，宽度等。
基础知识：
1、画布(canvas)
# 参数分别为画布的宽(单位像素), 高, 背景颜色。
turtle.screensize(canvwidth=None, canvheight=None, bg=None)2、画笔
2.1、画笔的状态：在画布上，默认有一个坐标原点为画布中心的坐标轴，坐标原点上有一只面朝x轴正方向小乌龟。这里我们描述小乌龟时使用了两个词语：坐标原点(位置)，面朝x轴正方向(方向)，turtle绘图中，就是使用位置方向描述小乌龟(画笔)的状态。
2.2、画笔的属性：画笔(画笔的属性，颜色、画线的宽度等)
# 设置画笔的宽度。
turtle.pensize()
# 没有参数传入，返回当前画笔颜色，传入参数设置画笔颜色，可以是字符串如"green", "red",也可以是RGB 3元组。
turtle.pencolor()
# 设置画笔移动速度，画笔绘制的速度范围[0,10]整数，数字越大越快。
turtle.speed(speed)2.3、绘图命令：一种为运动命令，一种为画笔控制命令，还有一种是全局控制命令。
（1）画笔运动命令
（2）画笔控制命令
（3）全局控制命令
（4）其他命令
一箭穿心
脚本代码：
#!/usr/bin/env python
# -*- coding: utf-8 -*-
from turtle import *
def go_to(x, y):
up()
goto(x, y)
down()
def big_Circle(size): #函数用于绘制心的大圆
speed(5)
for i in range(150):
forward(size)
right(0.3)
def small_Circle(size): #函数用于绘制心的小圆
speed(10)
for i in range(210):
forward(size)
right(0.786)
def line(size):
speed(5)
forward(51*size)
def heart( x, y, size):
go_to(x, y)
left(150)
begin_fill()
line(size)
big_Circle(size)
small_Circle(size)
left(120)
small_Circle(size)
big_Circle(size)
line(size)
end_fill()
def arrow():
pensize(10)
setheading(0)
go_to(-400, 0)
left(15)
forward(150)
go_to(339, 178)
forward(150)
def arrowHead():
pensize(1)
speed(5)
color('red', 'red')
begin_fill()
left(120)
forward(20)
right(150)
forward(35)
right(120)
forward(35)
right(150)
forward(20)
end_fill()
if __name__ == "__main__":
pensize(4)
color('red', 'pink')
getscreen().tracer(30, 0) # 取消注释后，快速显示图案
heart(200, 0, 1) # 画出第一颗心，前面两个参数控制心的位置，函数最后一个参数可控制心的大小
setheading(0) # 使画笔的方向朝向x轴正方向
heart(-80, -100, 1.5) # 画出第二颗心
arrow() # 画出穿过两颗心的直线
arrowHead() # 画出箭的箭头
go_to(400, -300)
done()运行效果：
发射爱心
脚本代码：
#!/usr/bin/env python
# -*- coding: utf-8 -*-
from turtle import *
def go_to(x, y):
up()
goto(x, y)
down()
def head(x,y,r):
go_to(x,y)
speed(1)
circle(r)
leg(x,y)
def leg(x,y):
right(90)
forward(180)
right(30)
forward(100)
left(120)
go_to(x,y-180)
forward(100)
right(120)
forward(100)
left(120)
hand(x,y)
def hand(x,y):
go_to(x,y-60)
forward(100)
left(60)
forward(100)
go_to(x, y - 90)
right(60)
forward(100)
right(60)
forward(100)
left(60)
eye(x,y)
def eye(x,y):
go_to(x-50,y+130)
right(90)
forward(50)
go_to(x+40,y+130)
forward(50)
left(90)
def big_Circle(size):
speed(20)
for i in range(150):
forward(size)
right(0.3)
def line(size):
speed(1)
forward(51*size)
def small_Circle(size):
speed(10)
for i in range(210):
forward(size)
right(0.786)
def heart(x, y, size):
go_to(x, y)
left(150)
begin_fill()
line(size)
big_Circle(size)
small_Circle(size)
left(120)
small_Circle(size)
big_Circle(size)
line(size)
end_fill()
if __name__ == "__main__":
pensize(2)
color('red', 'pink')
head(-120, 100, 100)
heart(250, -80, 1)
go_to(200, -300)
write("To: 智慧与美貌并存的you", move=True, align="left", font=("楷体", 20, "normal"))
done()运行效果：
哆啦A梦
脚本代码：
#!/usr/bin/env python
# -*- coding: utf-8 -*-
import turtle as t
if __name__ == "__main__":
t.speed(10)
t.pensize(8)
t.hideturtle()
t.screensize(500, 500, bg='white')
t.fillcolor('#00A1E8')
t.begin_fill()
t.circle(120)
t.end_fill()
t.pensize(3)
t.fillcolor('white')
t.begin_fill()
t.circle(100)
t.end_fill()
t.pu()
t.home()
t.goto(0, 134)
t.pd()
t.pensize(4)
t.fillcolor("#EA0014")
t.begin_fill()
t.circle(18)
t.end_fill()
t.pu()
t.goto(7, 155)
t.pensize(2)
t.color('white', 'white')
t.pd()
t.begin_fill()
t.circle(4)
t.end_fill()
t.pu()
t.goto(-30, 160)
t.pensize(4)
t.pd()
t.color('black', 'white')
t.begin_fill()
a = 0.4
for i in range(120):
if 0 <= i < 30 or 60 <= i < 90:
a = a + 0.08
t.lt(3)
t.fd(a)
else:
a = a - 0.08
t.lt(3)
t.fd(a)
t.end_fill()
t.pu()
t.goto(30, 160)
t.pensize(4)
t.pd()
t.color('black', 'white')
t.begin_fill()
for i in range(120):
if 0 <= i < 30 or 60 <= i < 90:
a = a + 0.08
t.lt(3)
t.fd(a)
else:
a = a - 0.08
t.lt(3)
t.fd(a)
t.end_fill()
t.pu()
t.goto(-38, 190)
t.pensize(8)
t.pd()
t.right(-30)
t.forward(15)
t.right(70)
t.forward(15)
t.pu()
t.goto(15, 185)
t.pensize(4)
t.pd()
t.color('black', 'black')
t.begin_fill()
t.circle(13)
t.end_fill()
t.pu()
t.goto(13, 190)
t.pensize(2)
t.pd()
t.color('white', 'white')
t.begin_fill()
t.circle(5)
t.end_fill()
t.pu()
t.home()
t.goto(0, 134)
t.pensize(4)
t.pencolor('black')
t.pd()
t.right(90)
t.forward(40)
t.pu()
t.home()
t.goto(0, 124)
t.pensize(3)
t.pencolor('black')
t.pd()
t.left(10)
t.forward(80)
t.pu()
t.home()
t.goto(0, 114)
t.pensize(3)
t.pencolor('black')
t.pd()
t.left(6)
t.forward(80)
t.pu()
t.home()
t.goto(0, 104)
t.pensize(3)
t.pencolor('black')
t.pd()
t.left(0)
t.forward(80)
t.pu()
t.home()
t.goto(0, 124)
t.pensize(3)
t.pencolor('black')
t.pd()
t.left(170)
t.forward(80)
t.pu()
t.home()
t.goto(0, 114)
t.pensize(3)
t.pencolor('black')
t.pd()
t.left(174)
t.forward(80)
t.pu()
t.home()
t.goto(0, 104)
t.pensize(3)
t.pencolor('black')
t.pd()
t.left(180)
t.forward(80)
t.pu()
t.goto(-70, 70)
t.pd()
t.color('black', 'red')
t.pensize(6)
t.seth(-60)
t.begin_fill()
t.circle(80, 40)
t.circle(80, 80)
t.end_fill()
t.pu()
t.home()
t.goto(-80, 70)
t.pd()
t.forward(160)
t.pu()
t.home()
t.goto(-50, 50)
t.pd()
t.pensize(1)
t.fillcolor("#eb6e1a")
t.seth(40)
t.begin_fill()
t.circle(-40, 40)
t.circle(-40, 40)
t.seth(40)
t.circle(-40, 40)
t.circle(-40, 40)
t.seth(220)
t.circle(-80, 40)
t.circle(-80, 40)
t.end_fill()
t.pu()
t.goto(-70, 12)
t.pensize(14)
t.pencolor('red')
t.pd()
t.seth(-20)
t.circle(200, 30)
t.circle(200, 10)
t.pu()
t.goto(0, -46)
t.pd()
t.pensize(3)
t.color("black", '#f8d102')
t.begin_fill()
t.circle(25)
t.end_fill()
t.pu()
t.goto(-5, -40)
t.pd()
t.pensize(2)
t.color("black", '#79675d')
t.begin_fill()
t.circle(5)
t.end_fill()
t.pensize(3)
t.right(115)
t.forward(7)
t.mainloop()运行效果：
小鸭子
脚本代码：
#!/usr/bin/env python
# -*- coding: utf-8 -*-
from turtle import *
# 腿
def leg(pos0):
pensize(8)
color('#ECC578')
pu()
goto(pos0)
seth(0)
fd(7)
seth(-90)
fd(8.5)
pd()
fd(20) # 腿长
# 小红靴
def boot(pos0):
pensize(2)
color('#B4070B','#FBA06B')
pu()
goto(pos0) # 靴子右上顶点
pd()
begin_fill()
seth(140)
circle(25,80)
seth(-80)
fd(35) # fd(30)左侧线条
circle(-2,60) # 靴低
fd(20)
circle(4,180)
seth(5)
fd(30)
circle(2,60)
goto(pos0) # 右侧线条
end_fill()
if __name__ == "__main__":
# 扁嘴
pensize(2)
pu()
goto(-100,100) # 上嘴最高顶点
seth(-50)
pd()
color('#6C3100','#FADD77')
begin_fill()
fd(16)
vertex_right = pos() # 嘴最右顶点
rt(50)
fd(12)
vertex_down = pos() # 下嘴最低顶点
rt(80)
fd(30)
circle(-3,200)
vertex_left = pos() # 嘴最左顶点
goto(-100,100)
end_fill()
goto(vertex_left) # 回到最左顶点
circle(-3,-200) # 扁嘴
goto(vertex_right)
# 身体
# 头颈背尾曲线
color('#B6A88E')
pu()
goto(-100,100)
pd()
seth(80)
circle(-36,160)
fd(25)
circle(115,20)
circle(60,55)
circle(-200,20)
circle(110,20)
color('#7D6A4C')
circle(40,40)
color('#B6A88E')
seth(-100)
circle(-180,30)
circle(-20,50)
# 右鸭腿
circle(20,70)
color('#736856')
circle(-12,120)
leg_pos1 = pos() # 定位左腿位置
fd(25)
# 前胸肚曲线
pu()
goto(vertex_down)
pd()
seth(-10)
color('#B9AD9D')
circle(-40,50)
circle(-80,48)
color('#736856')
circle(250,5)
circle(50,75)
color('#B9AD9D')
circle(220,28)
# 左鸭腿
pu()
seth(175)
fd(40)
pd()
seth(-120)
fd(8)
circle(-10,120)
leg_pos2 = pos() # 定位右腿位置
fd(15)
# 眼睛
color('black')
# 左眼
pu()
goto(vertex_down - (1,-29))
pd()
dot(4,'black') # 相比circle()，不需要再额外填充颜色
# 右眼
pu()
goto(vertex_down + (23,20))
pd()
dot(4,'black')
# 翅膀
color('#BCB2A6')
pu()
goto(vertex_down - (-75,130))
seth(130)
pd()
circle(-25,130)
circle(-100,30)
fd(85)
point = pos()
rt(137)
fd(52)
circle(-100,58)
pu()
goto(point)
lt(30)
pd()
fd(60)
pu()
goto(point)
pd()
lt(10)
fd(70)
# 腿部
leg(leg_pos1)
leg(leg_pos2)
boot(leg_pos1-(-20,30))
boot(leg_pos2-(-20,30))
# 小雨滴
color('#77DDFF','#D8E8E5')
fd_ls = [200,140,250,240,230,220,180,250]
lt_ls = [30,60,60,100,125,170,200,330]
for i in range(8):
pu()
home()
lt(lt_ls[i])
fd(fd_ls[i])
pd()
seth(-78)
fd(15)
begin_fill()
circle(-3,200)
end_fill()
fd(15)
# 文字
pu()
goto(vertex_left)
seth(180)
fd(150)
seth(-90)
fd(300)
color('black')
write('turtle',font=("Arial",15,"normal"))
hideturtle()
done()运行效果：
爱情树
脚本代码：
#!/usr/bin/env python
# -*- coding: utf-8 -*-
import turtle
import random
# 在(x,y)处画爱心
def love(x,y):
lv = turtle.Turtle()
lv.hideturtle()
lv.up()
lv.goto(x,y) # 定位到(x,y)
def curvemove(): # 画圆弧
for i in range(20):
lv.right(10)
lv.forward(2)
lv.color('red','pink')
lv.speed(10000000)
lv.pensize(1)
# 开始画爱心
lv.down()
lv.begin_fill()
lv.left(140)
lv.forward(22)
curvemove()
lv.left(120)
curvemove()
lv.forward(22)
lv.write("她(他)的文字",font=("Arial",12,"normal"),align="center") # 写上表白的人的名字
lv.left(140) # 画完复位
lv.end_fill()
def tree(branchLen,t):
if branchLen > 5: # 剩余树枝太少要结束递归
if branchLen<20:
t.color("green")
t.pensize(random.uniform((branchLen + 5) / 4 - 2, (branchLen + 6) / 4 + 5))
t.down()
t.forward(branchLen)
love(t.xcor(),t.ycor()) # 传输现在turtle的坐标
t.up()
t.backward(branchLen)
t.color("brown")
return
t.pensize(random.uniform((branchLen+5)/4-2,(branchLen+6)/4+5))
t.down()
t.forward(branchLen)
# 以下递归
ang = random.uniform(15,45)
t.right(ang)
tree(branchLen-random.uniform(12,16),t) # 随机决定减小长度
t.left(2*ang)
tree(branchLen-random.uniform(12,16),t) # 随机决定减小长度
t.right(ang)
t.up()
t.backward(branchLen)
if __name__ == "__main__":
myWin = turtle.Screen()
t = turtle.Turtle()
t.hideturtle()
t.speed(1000)
t.left(90)
t.up()
t.backward(200)
t.down()
t.color("brown")
t.pensize(32)
t.forward(60)
tree(100,t)
myWin.exitonclick()运行效果：
玫瑰花
脚本代码：
#!/usr/bin/env python
# -*- coding: utf-8 -*-
from turtle import *
import time
if __name__ == "__main__":
speed(0)
penup()
seth(90)
fd(340)
seth(0)
pendown()
speed(5)
begin_fill()
fillcolor('red')
circle(50, 30)
for i in range(10):
fd(1)
left(10)
circle(40, 40)
for i in range(6):
fd(1)
left(3)
circle(80, 40)
for i in range(20):
fd(0.5)
left(5)
circle(80, 45)
for i in range(10):
fd(2)
left(1)
circle(80, 25)
for i in range(20):
fd(1)
left(4)
circle(50, 50)
time.sleep(0.1)
circle(120, 55)
speed(0)
seth(-90)
fd(70)
right(150)
fd(20)
left(140)
circle(140, 90)
left(30)
circle(160, 100)
left(130)
fd(25)
penup()
right(150)
circle(40, 80)
pendown()
left(115)
fd(60)
penup()
left(180)
fd(60)
pendown()
end_fill()
right(120)
circle(-50, 50)
circle(-20, 90)
speed(1)
fd(75)
speed(0)
circle(90, 110)
penup()
left(162)
fd(185)
left(170)
pendown()
circle(200, 10)
circle(100, 40)
circle(-52, 115)
left(20)
circle(100, 20)
circle(300, 20)
speed(1)
fd(250)
penup()
speed(0)
left(180)
fd(250)
circle(-300, 7)
right(80)
circle(200, 5)
pendown()
left(60)
begin_fill()
fillcolor('green')
circle(-80, 100)
right(90)
fd(10)
left(20)
circle(-63, 127)
end_fill()
penup()
left(50)
fd(20)
left(180)
pendown()
circle(200, 25)
penup()
right(150)
fd(180)
right(40)
pendown()
begin_fill()
fillcolor('green')
circle(-100, 80)
right(150)
fd(10)
left(60)
circle(-80, 98)
end_fill()
penup()
left(60)
fd(13)
left(180)
pendown()
speed(1)
circle(-200, 23)运行效果：
画星星
脚本代码：
#!/usr/bin/env python
# -*- coding: utf-8 -*-
import turtle as t
if __name__ == "__main__":
t.goto(100,0)
for i in range(50):
t.left(80)
t.fd(100)
t.left(135)
t.fd(105)运行效果：
表白
脚本代码：
#!/usr/bin/env python
# -*- coding: utf-8 -*-
import turtle
import time
# 清屏函数
def clear_all():
turtle.penup()
turtle.goto(0, 0)
turtle.color('white')
turtle.pensize(800)
turtle.pendown()
turtle.setheading(0)
turtle.fd(300)
turtle.bk(600)
# 重定位海龟的位置
def go_to(x, y, state):
turtle.pendown() if state else turtle.penup()
turtle.goto(x, y)
# 画线
# state为真时海龟回到原点，为假时不回到原来的出发点
def draw_line(length, angle, state):
turtle.pensize(1)
turtle.pendown()
turtle.setheading(angle)
turtle.fd(length)
turtle.bk(length) if state else turtle.penup()
turtle.penup()
# 画箭羽
def draw_feather(size):
angle = 30 # 箭的倾角
feather_num = size//6 # 羽毛的数量
feather_length = size // 3 # 羽毛的长度
feather_gap = size//10 # 羽毛的间隔
for i in range(feather_num):
draw_line(feather_gap, angle+180, False) # 箭柄，不折返
draw_line(feather_length, angle + 145, True) # 羽翼，要折返
draw_line(feather_length, angle + 145, False)
draw_line(feather_num*feather_gap, angle, False)
draw_line(feather_length, angle + 145 + 180, False)
for i in range(feather_num):
draw_line(feather_gap, angle+180, False) # 箭柄，不折返
draw_line(feather_length, angle - 145, True) # 羽翼，要折返
draw_line(feather_length, angle - 145, False)
draw_line(feather_num*feather_gap, angle, False)
draw_line(feather_length, angle - 145 + 180, False)
# 画爱心
def draw_heart(size):
turtle.color('red', 'pink')
turtle.pensize(2)
turtle.pendown()
turtle.setheading(150)
turtle.begin_fill()
turtle.fd(size)
turtle.circle(size * -3.745, 45)
turtle.circle(size * -1.431, 165)
turtle.left(120)
turtle.circle(size * -1.431, 165)
turtle.circle(size * -3.745, 45)
turtle.fd(size)
turtle.end_fill()
# 画箭
def draw_arrow(size):
angle = 30
turtle.color('black')
draw_feather(size)
turtle.pensize(4)
turtle.setheading(angle)
turtle.pendown()
turtle.fd(size*2)
# 一箭穿心
# 箭的头没有画出来，而是用海龟来代替
def arrow_heart(x, y, size):
go_to(x, y, False)
draw_heart(size*1.15)
turtle.setheading(-150)
turtle.penup()
turtle.fd(size*2.2)
draw_heart(size)
turtle.penup()
turtle.setheading(150)
turtle.fd(size * 2.2)
draw_arrow(size)
# 画出发射爱心的小人
def draw_people(x, y):
turtle.penup()
turtle.goto(x, y)
turtle.pendown()
turtle.pensize(2)
turtle.color('black')
turtle.setheading(0)
turtle.circle(60, 360)
turtle.penup()
turtle.setheading(90)
turtle.fd(75)
turtle.setheading(180)
turtle.fd(20)
turtle.pensize(4)
turtle.pendown()
turtle.circle(2, 360)
turtle.setheading(0)
turtle.penup()
turtle.fd(40)
turtle.pensize(4)
turtle.pendown()
turtle.circle(-2, 360)
turtle.penup()
turtle.goto(x, y)
turtle.setheading(-90)
turtle.pendown()
turtle.fd(20)
turtle.setheading(0)
turtle.fd(35)
turtle.setheading(60)
turtle.fd(10)
turtle.penup()
turtle.goto(x, y)
turtle.setheading(-90)
turtle.pendown()
turtle.fd(40)
turtle.setheading(0)
turtle.fd(35)
turtle.setheading(-60)
turtle.fd(10)
turtle.penup()
turtle.goto(x, y)
turtle.setheading(-90)
turtle.pendown()
turtle.fd(60)
turtle.setheading(-135)
turtle.fd(60)
turtle.bk(60)
turtle.setheading(-45)
turtle.fd(30)
turtle.setheading(-135)
turtle.fd(35)
turtle.penup()
# 第一个画面，显示文字
def page0():
turtle.penup()
turtle.goto(-350, 0)
turtle.color('black')
turtle.write('专属于我们的节日', font=('宋体', 60, 'normal'))
time.sleep(3)
# 第二个画面，显示发射爱心的小人
def page1():
turtle.speed(10)
draw_people(-250, 20)
turtle.penup()
turtle.goto(-150, -30)
draw_heart(14)
turtle.penup()
turtle.goto(-20, -60)
draw_heart(25)
turtle.penup()
turtle.goto(250, -100)
draw_heart(45)
turtle.hideturtle()
time.sleep(3)
# 最后一个画面，一箭穿心
def page2():
turtle.speed(1)
turtle.penup()
turtle.goto(-200, -200)
turtle.color('blue')
turtle.pendown()
turtle.write('你的名字 她(他)的文字', font=('wisdom', 40, 'normal'))
turtle.penup()
turtle.goto(0, -180)
draw_heart(10)
arrow_heart(20, -60, 51)
turtle.showturtle()
if __name__ == "__main__":
page0()
clear_all()
page1()
clear_all()
page2()
turtle.done()运行效果：
小猪佩奇
脚本代码：
#!/usr/bin/env python
# -*- coding: utf-8 -*-
from turtle import *
def nose(x, y):
"""画鼻子"""
pensize(5)
pencolor((255, 155, 192))
penup()
# 将海龟移动到指定的坐标
goto(x, y)
pendown()
# 设置海龟的方向（0-东、90-北、180-西、270-南）
setheading(-30)
begin_fill()
fillcolor(255, 192, 203)
a = 0.4
for i in range(120):
if 0 <= i < 30 or 60 <= i < 90:
a = a + 0.08
# 向左转3度
left(3)
# 向前走
forward(a)
else:
a = a - 0.08
left(3)
forward(a)
end_fill()
penup()
setheading(90)
forward(25)
setheading(0)
forward(10)
pendown()
# 设置画笔的颜色(红, 绿, 蓝)
pencolor(255, 155, 192)
setheading(10)
begin_fill()
circle(5)
color(160, 82, 45)
end_fill()
penup()
setheading(0)
forward(20)
pendown()
pencolor(255, 155, 192)
setheading(10)
begin_fill()
circle(5)
color(160, 82, 45)
end_fill()
def head(x, y):
"""画头"""
color((255, 155, 192), "pink")
penup()
goto(x, y)
setheading(0)
pendown()
begin_fill()
setheading(180)
circle(300, -30)
circle(100, -60)
circle(80, -100)
circle(150, -20)
circle(60, -95)
setheading(161)
circle(-300, 15)
penup()
goto(-100, 100)
pendown()
setheading(-30)
a = 0.4
for i in range(60):
if 0 <= i < 30 or 60 <= i < 90:
a = a + 0.08
lt(3) # 向左转3度
fd(a) # 向前走a的步长
else:
a = a - 0.08
lt(3)
fd(a)
end_fill()
def ears(x, y):
"""画耳朵"""
color((255, 155, 192), "pink")
penup()
goto(x, y)
pendown()
begin_fill()
setheading(100)
circle(-50, 50)
circle(-10, 120)
circle(-50, 54)
end_fill()
penup()
setheading(90)
forward(-12)
setheading(0)
forward(30)
pendown()
begin_fill()
setheading(90)
circle(-50, 50)
circle(-10, 120)
circle(-50, 56)
end_fill()
def eyes(x, y):
"""画眼睛"""
color((255, 155, 192), "white")
penup()
setheading(90)
forward(-20)
setheading(0)
forward(-95)
pendown()
begin_fill()
circle(15)
end_fill()
color("black")
penup()
setheading(90)
forward(12)
setheading(0)
forward(-3)
pendown()
begin_fill()
circle(3)
end_fill()
color((255, 155, 192), "white")
penup()
seth(90)
forward(-25)
seth(0)
forward(40)
pendown()
begin_fill()
circle(15)
end_fill()
color("black")
penup()
setheading(90)
forward(12)
setheading(0)
forward(-3)
pendown()
begin_fill()
circle(3)
end_fill()
def cheek(x, y):
"""画脸颊"""
color((255, 155, 192))
penup()
goto(x, y)
pendown()
setheading(0)
begin_fill()
circle(30)
end_fill()
def mouth(x, y):
"""画嘴巴"""
color(239, 69, 19)
penup()
goto(x, y)
pendown()
setheading(-80)
circle(30, 40)
circle(40, 80)
def body(x, y):
'''画身体'''
penup()
goto(x, y)
pencolor('red')
fillcolor(250, 106, 106)
pendown()
begin_fill()
setheading(-66)
circle(-450, 17)
setheading(180)
forward(185)
setheading(85)
circle(-450, 17)
end_fill()
'''右手'''
penup()
goto(110, -45)
pendown()
pensize(8)
pencolor(255, 192, 203)
setheading(30)
circle(-400, 10)
penup()
goto(167, -5)
pendown()
setheading(-120)
forward(20)
left(100)
forward(20)
'''左手'''
penup()
goto(-25, -45)
pendown()
pencolor(255, 192, 203)
setheading(150)
circle(400, 10)
penup()
goto(-78, -6)
pendown()
setheading(-60)
forward(20)
right(100)
forward(20)
def feet1(x, y):
pensize(7)
pencolor(255, 192, 203)
penup()
goto(x, y)
setheading(-90)
pendown()
forward(10)
penup()
goto(x - 12, y - 10)
pendown()
pencolor(238, 201, 0)
fillcolor(238, 230, 132)
begin_fill()
setheading(0)
forward(24)
right(90)
forward(36)
right(90)
forward(40)
circle(-10, 180)
forward(16)
left(90)
forward(12)
end_fill()
def feet2(x, y):
pensize(7)
pencolor(255, 192, 203)
penup()
goto(x, y)
setheading(-90)
pendown()
forward(10)
penup()
goto(x - 12, y - 10)
pendown()
pencolor(238, 201, 0)
fillcolor(238, 230, 132)
begin_fill()
setheading(0)
forward(24)
right(90)
forward(36)
right(90)
forward(40)
circle(-10, 180)
forward(16)
left(90)
forward(12)
end_fill()
def tail(x, y):
pensize(8)
penup()
goto(x, y)
pendown()
pencolor(255, 192, 203)
setheading(-5)
circle(30, 100)
circle(10, 180)
circle(20, 150)
def backg(x):
penup()
goto(-420, x)
setheading(0)
fillcolor(50, 205, 50)
begin_fill()
forward(840)
right(90)
forward(300)
right(90)
forward(840)
right(90)
forward(300)
end_fill()
setheading(0)
fillcolor(0, 191, 255)
begin_fill()
forward(840)
left(90)
forward(600)
left(90)
forward(840)
left(90)
forward(600)
end_fill()
def cloude1(x, y):
"""画云"""
penup()
goto(x, y)
setheading(90)
fillcolor(255, 255, 255)
begin_fill()
a = 0.4
for i in range(120):
if 0 <= i < 30 or 60 <= i < 90:
a = a + 0.14
# 向左转3度
left(3)
# 向前走
forward(a)
else:
a = a - 0.15
left(3)
forward(a)
end_fill()
def cloude2(x, y):
"""画云"""
penup()
goto(x, y)
setheading(90)
fillcolor(255, 255, 255)
begin_fill()
a = 0.4
for i in range(120):
if 0 <= i < 30 or 60 <= i < 90:
a = a + 0.15
# 向左转3度
left(3)
# 向前走
forward(a)
else:
a = a - 0.13
left(3)
forward(a)
end_fill()
def setting():
"""设置参数"""
pensize(5)
# 隐藏海龟
hideturtle()
colormode(255)
color((255, 155, 192), "pink")
speed(10)
def main():
"""主函数"""
setting()
backg(0)
body(105, -20)
nose(-100, 100)
head(-69, 167)
ears(0, 160)
eyes(0, 140)
cheek(80, 10)
mouth(-20, 30)
feet1(10, -150)
feet2(90, -150)
tail(130, -110)
cloude1(-200, 200)
cloude2(300, 300)
done()
if __name__ == '__main__':
main()运行效果：
树
脚本代码：
#!/usr/bin/env python
# -*- coding: utf-8 -*-
from turtle import *
from random import *
from math import *
def tree(n, l):
pd() # 下笔
# 阴影效果
t = cos(radians(heading() + 45)) / 8 + 0.25
pencolor(t, t, t)
pensize(n / 3)
forward(l) # 画树枝
if n > 0:
b = random() * 15 + 10 # 右分支偏转角度
c = random() * 15 + 10 # 左分支偏转角度
d = l * (random() * 0.25 + 0.7) # 下一个分支的长度
# 右转一定角度，画右分支
right(b)
tree(n - 1, d)
# 左转一定角度，画左分支
left(b + c)
tree(n - 1, d)
# 转回来
right(c)
else:
# 画叶子
right(90)
n = cos(radians(heading() - 45)) / 4 + 0.5
pencolor(n, n*0.8, n*0.8)
circle(3)
left(90)
# 添加0.3倍的飘落叶子
if(random() > 0.7):
pu()
# 飘落
t = heading()
an = -40 + random()*40
setheading(an)
dis = int(800*random()*0.5 + 400*random()*0.3 + 200*random()*0.2)
forward(dis)
setheading(t)
# 画叶子
pd()
right(90)
n = cos(radians(heading() - 45)) / 4 + 0.5
pencolor(n*0.5+0.5, 0.4+n*0.4, 0.4+n*0.4)
circle(2)
left(90)
pu()
#返回
t = heading()
setheading(an)
backward(dis)
setheading(t)
pu()
backward(l) # 退回
if __name__ == "__main__":
bgcolor(0.5, 0.5, 0.5) # 背景色
ht() # 隐藏turtle
speed(0) # 速度，1-10渐进，0最快
tracer(0, 0)
pu() # 抬笔
backward(100)
left(90) # 左转90度
pu() # 抬笔
backward(300) # 后退300
tree(12, 100) # 递归7层
done()运行效果：
时钟
脚本代码：
#!/usr/bin/env python
# -*- coding: utf-8 -*-
import turtle
from datetime import *
# 抬起画笔，向前运动一段距离放下
def Skip(step):
turtle.penup()
turtle.forward(step)
turtle.pendown()
def mkHand(name, length):
# 注册Turtle形状，建立表针Turtle
turtle.reset()
Skip(-length * 0.1)
# 开始记录多边形的顶点。当前的乌龟位置是多边形的第一个顶点。
turtle.begin_poly()
turtle.forward(length * 1.1)
# 停止记录多边形的顶点。当前的乌龟位置是多边形的最后一个顶点。将与第一个顶点相连。
turtle.end_poly()
# 返回最后记录的多边形。
handForm = turtle.get_poly()
turtle.register_shape(name, handForm)
def Init():
global secHand, minHand, hurHand, printer
# 重置Turtle指向北
turtle.mode("logo")
# 建立三个表针Turtle并初始化
mkHand("secHand", 135)
mkHand("minHand", 125)
mkHand("hurHand", 90)
secHand = turtle.Turtle()
secHand.shape("secHand")
minHand = turtle.Turtle()
minHand.shape("minHand")
hurHand = turtle.Turtle()
hurHand.shape("hurHand")
for hand in secHand, minHand, hurHand:
hand.shapesize(1, 1, 3)
hand.speed(0)
# 建立输出文字Turtle
printer = turtle.Turtle()
# 隐藏画笔的turtle形状
printer.hideturtle()
printer.penup()
def SetupClock(radius):
# 建立表的外框
turtle.reset()
turtle.pensize(7)
for i in range(60):
Skip(radius)
if i % 5 == 0:
turtle.forward(20)
Skip(-radius - 20)
Skip(radius + 20)
if i == 0:
turtle.write(int(12), align="center", font=("Courier", 14, "bold"))
elif i == 30:
Skip(25)
turtle.write(int(i / 5), align="center", font=("Courier", 14, "bold"))
Skip(-25)
elif (i == 25 or i == 35):
Skip(20)
turtle.write(int(i / 5), align="center", font=("Courier", 14, "bold"))
Skip(-20)
else:
turtle.write(int(i / 5), align="center", font=("Courier", 14, "bold"))
Skip(-radius - 20)
else:
turtle.dot(5)
Skip(-radius)
turtle.right(6)
def Week(t):
week = ["星期一", "星期二", "星期三",
"星期四", "星期五", "星期六", "星期日"]
return week[t.weekday()]
def Date(t):
y = t.year
m = t.month
d = t.day
return "%s-%d-%d" % (y, m, d)
def Tick():
# 绘制表针的动态显示
t = datetime.today()
second = t.second + t.microsecond * 0.000001
minute = t.minute + second / 60.0
hour = t.hour + minute / 60.0
secHand.setheading(6 * second)
minHand.setheading(6 * minute)
hurHand.setheading(30 * hour)
turtle.tracer(False)
printer.forward(65)
printer.write(Week(t), align="center", font=("Courier", 14, "bold"))
printer.back(130)
printer.write(Date(t), align="center", font=("Courier", 14, "bold"))
printer.home()
turtle.tracer(True)
# 100ms后继续调用tick
turtle.ontimer(Tick, 100)
def main():
# 打开/关闭龟动画，并为更新图纸设置延迟。
turtle.tracer(False)
Init()
SetupClock(160)
turtle.tracer(True)
Tick()
turtle.mainloop()
if __name__ == "__main__":
main()运行效果：动态运行
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