CentOS Linux 7.5 编译安装 MySQL 8.0.12 及修改密码问题

CentOS Linux 7.5 编译安装 MySQL 8.0

1、编译安装MySQL8.0

#版本信息

#cat /etc/RedHat-release CentOS Linux release 7.5.1804 (Core)

#安装依赖包

yum -y install wget cmake gcc gcc-c++ ncurses ncurses-devel libaio-devel openssl openssl-devel rpm -qa |grep libaio yum install libaio libaio-devel

#下载源码包

wget https://dev.mysql.com/get/Downloads/MySQL-8.0/mysql-boost-8.0.12.tar.gz

#创建用户和建立数据目录并赋予用户目录权限

groupadd mysql useradd -r -g mysql -s /sbin/nologin mysql mkdir -p /usr/local/mysql mkdir -p /data/mysql chown -R mysql.mysql /usr/local/mysql chown -R mysql.mysql /data/mysql chmod -R 755 /usr/local/mysql/ chmod -R 755 /data/mysql/

#解压并开始安装

tar -zxf mysql-boost-8.0.12.tar.gz

#配置

cd mysql-8.0.12 cmake . -DCMAKE_INSTALL_PREFIX=/usr/local/mysql \ -DMYSQL_DATADIR=/data/mysql \ -DSYSCONFDIR=/etc \ -DMYSQL_TCP_PORT=3306 \ -DWITH_BOOST=~/mysql-8.0.12/boost \ -DDEFAULT_CHARSET=utf8 \ -DDEFAULT_COLLATION=utf8_general_ci \ -DENABLED_LOCAL_INFILE=ON \ -DWITH_INNODB_MEMCACHED=ON \ -DWITH_INNOBASE_STORAGE_ENGINE=1 \ -DWITH_FEDERATED_STORAGE_ENGINE=1 \ -DWITH_BLACKHOLE_STORAGE_ENGINE=1 \ -DWITH_ARCHIVE_STORAGE_ENGINE=1 \ -DWITHOUT_EXAMPLE_STORAGE_ENGINE=1 \ -DWITH_PERFSCHEMA_STORAGE_ENGINE=1

#配置参数说明：

CMAKE_INSTALL_PREFIX ：指定基础安装目录 MYSQL_DATADIR ：指定数据目录 SYSCONFDIR=/etc ：指定配置文件扫描目录 MYSQL_TCP_PORT ：指定端口号 WITH_BOOST ：指定boost所在目录 DEFAULT_CHARSET ：指定默认字符集 DEFAULT_COLLATION ：指定默认排序规则 ENABLED_LOCAL_INFILE=ON ：是否为load data infile启用local WITH_INNODB_MEMCACHED=ON :是否生成memcached共享库

#编译&安装

make && make install

#初始化数据库

mysqld --initialize-insecure --user=mysql --basedir=/usr/local/mysql --datadir=/data/mysql

#建立配置文件

cat > /etc/my.cnf <<EOF [client] port=3306 socket=/tmp/mysql.sock default-character-set=utf8 #user=root #password=123 [mysqld] server-id=1 #skip-grant-tables port=3306 user=mysql max_connections=200 socket=/tmp/mysql.sock basedir=/usr/local/mysql datadir=/data/mysql pid-file=/data/mysql/mysql.pid init-connect='SET NAMES utf8' character-set-server=utf8 default-storage-engine=INNODB log_error=/data/mysql/mysql-error.log slow_query_log_file=/data/mysql/mysql-slow.log [mysqldump] quick max_allowed_packet=16M EOF

#配置环境变量

echo "PATH=/usr/local/mysql/bin:$PATH" >> /etc/profile source /etc/profile

#配置启动脚本

cp ../mysql-8.0.12/support-files/mysql.server /etc/init.d/mysqld vim /etc/init.d/mysqld chmod +x /etc/init.d/mysqld /etc/init.d/mysqld start

#centos7系统自启动脚本

cat /usr/lib/systemd/system/mysqld.service [Unit] Description=mysql server daemon Documentation=man:mysql(8) Documentation=http://dev.mysql.com/doc/refman/en/using-systemd.html After=network.target After=syslog.target [Install] WantedBy=multi-user.target [Service] User=mysql Group=mysql Type=notify TimeoutSec=0 PermissionsStartOnly=true ExecStart=/usr/local/mysql/bin/mysqld $MYSQLD_OPTS LimitNOFILE = 10000 Restart=always RestartPreventExitStatus=1 Environment=MYSQLD_PARENT_PID=1 PrivateTmp=false

#启动MySQL

systemctl start mysqld.service

#修改root密码：使用WITH指定认证方式

mysql -uroot ALTER USER 'root'@'localhost' IDENTIFIED WITH mysql_native_password BY '你的密码'; ALTER USER 'root'@'localhost' IDENTIFIED WITH caching_sha2_password BY '你的密码';

#查看密码字段和加密方式

select host, user, authentication_string, plugin from user;

2、yum存储库安装MySQL

wget https://dev.mysql.com/get/mysql80-community-release-el7-1.noarch.rpm yum localinstall mysql80-community-release-el7-1.noarch.rpm yum repolist enabled|grep "mysql.*-community.*" yum repolist all|grep mysql yum install mysql-community-server systemctl enable mysqld systemctl start mysqld netstat -lntup|grep 3306

#查看随机生成的密码

grep 'temporary password' /var/log/mysqld.log mysql -uroot -p

#修改密码,密码必须要由大小写字母、数字和特性字符组成

alter user 'root'@'localhost' identified by 'PJY@123.com'; select version();

MySQL 8.0 修改密码问题

MySQL5.7和之前的用户修改密码方式：

mysql -uroot -e "Set password=password(‘123’);" mysql -uroot -p123.com -e "use mysql;update user set authentication_string=password('456') where user='root';" update mysql.user set authentication_string=password("123") where user='root';

以上三种方法在MySQL8.0以后版本中将不能使用，如果使用了将会导致在正确修改密码是报如下错误：

mysql> ALTER USER 'root'@'localhost' IDENTIFIED WITH mysql_native_password BY '123'; ERROR 1396 (HY000): Operation ALTER USER failed for 'root'@'localhost'

如遇上以上问题请使用update语句先清空authentication_string字段，然后再修改密码即可

update user set authentication_string='' where user='root'; ALTER USER 'root'@'localhost' IDENTIFIED WITH mysql_native_password BY '你的密码';

所以特别提醒童鞋们：

MySQL8.0后请使用alter修改用户密码，因为在MySQL8.0以后的加密方式为caching_sha2_password，如果使用update修改密码会给user表中root用户的authentication_string字段下设置newpassowrd值，当再使用alter user 'root'@'localhost' identified by 'newpassword'修改密码时会一直报错，必须清空后再修改，因为authentication_string字段下只能是MySQL加密后的43位字符串密码，其他的会报格式错误，所以在MySQL8.0以后能修改密码的方法只能是：ALTER USER 'root'@'localhost' IDENTIFIED WITH mysql_native_password BY '你的密码';