佛萨奇矩阵公排开发系统丨佛萨奇系统开发（正式版）丨佛萨奇dapp开发源码设计

#[no_mangle]
pub extern "C" fn how_to_use_iterator() {
    let ctx = &mut sim_context::get_sim_context();

    // 构造数据
    ctx.put_state("key1", "field1", "val".as_bytes());
    ctx.put_state("key1", "field2", "val".as_bytes());
    ctx.put_state("key1", "field23", "val".as_bytes());
    ctx.put_state("key1", "field3", "val".as_bytes());
    // 使用迭代器，能查出来  field1，field2，field23 三条数据
    let r = ctx.new_iterator_with_field("key1", "field1", "field3");
    if r.is_ok() {
        let rs = r.unwrap();
        // 遍历
        while rs.has_next() {
            // 获取下一行值
            let row = rs.next_row().unwrap();
            let key = row.get_string("key").unwrap();
            let field = row.get_bytes("field");
            let val = row.get_bytes("value");
            // do something
        }
        // 关闭游标
        rs.close();
    }

    ctx.put_state("key2", "field1", "val".as_bytes());
    ctx.put_state("key3", "field2", "val".as_bytes());
    ctx.put_state("key33", "field2", "val".as_bytes());
    ctx.put_state("key4", "field3", "val".as_bytes());
    // 能查出来 key2，key3，key33 三条数据
    ctx.new_iterator("key2", "key4");
    // 能查出来 key3，key33 两条数据
    ctx.new_iterator_prefix_with_key("key3");
    // 能查出来  field2，field23 三条数据
    ctx.new_iterator_prefix_with_key_field("key1", "field2");
    
    
    ctx.put_state_from_key("key5","val".as_bytes());
    ctx.put_state_from_key("key56","val".as_bytes());
    ctx.put_state_from_key("key6","val".as_bytes());
    // 能查出来 key5，key56 两条数据
    ctx.new_iterator("key5", "key6");
}

git clone https://git.chainmaker.org.cn/chainmaker/contract-sdk-rust -b v2.3.0

tree -I target 

├── Cargo.lock # 依赖版本信息
├── Cargo.toml # 项目配置及依赖，参考：https://rustwasm.github.io/wasm-pack/book/cargo-toml-configuration.html
├── Makefile   # build一个wasm文件
├── README.md  # 编译环境说明
├── src
│   ├── easycodec.rs                # 序列化工具类
│   ├── lib.rs                      # 程序入口
│   ├── sim_context.rs              # 合约SDK主要接口及实现
│   ├── sim_context_bulletproofs.rs # 合约SDK基于bulletproofs的范围证明接口实现
│   ├── sim_context_paillier.rs     # 合约SDK基于paillier的半同态运算接口实现
│   ├── sim_context_rs.rs           # 合约SDK sql接口实现
│   └── vec_box.rs                  # 内存管理类

// 申请size大小内存，返回该内存的首地址
pub extern "C" fn allocate(size: usize) -> i32 {}
// 释放某地址
pub extern "C" fn deallocate(pointer: *mut c_void) {}
// 获取SDK运行时环境
pub extern "C" fn runtime_type() -> i32 { 0 }

/// SimContext is a interface with chainmaker interaction
pub trait SimContext {
    // common method
    fn call_contract(
        &self,
        contract_name: &str,
        method: &str,
        param: EasyCodec,
    ) -> Result<Vec<u8>, result_code>;
    fn ok(&self, value: &[u8]) -> result_code;
    fn error(&self, body: &str) -> result_code;
    fn log(&self, msg: &str);
    fn arg(&self, key: &str) -> Result<Vec<u8>, String>;
    fn arg_as_utf8_str(&self, key: &str) -> String;
    fn args(&self) -> &EasyCodec;
    fn get_creator_org_id(&self) -> String;
    fn get_creator_pub_key(&self) -> String;
    fn get_creator_role(&self) -> String;
    fn get_sender_org_id(&self) -> String;
    fn get_sender_pub_key(&self) -> String;
    fn get_sender_role(&self) -> String;
    fn get_block_height(&self) -> u64;
    fn get_tx_id(&self) -> String;
    fn emit_event(&mut self, topic: &str, data: &Vec<String>) -> result_code;
    // paillier
    fn get_paillier_sim_context(&self) -> Box<dyn PaillierSimContext>;
    // bulletproofs
    fn get_bulletproofs_sim_context(&self) -> Box<dyn BulletproofsSimContext>;
    // sql
    fn get_sql_sim_context(&self) -> Box<dyn SqlSimContext>;

    // KV method
    fn get_state(&self, key: &str, field: &str) -> Result<Vec<u8>, result_code>;
    fn get_state_from_key(&self, key: &str) -> Result<Vec<u8>, result_code>;
    fn put_state(&self, key: &str, field: &str, value: &[u8]) -> result_code;
    fn put_state_from_key(&self, key: &str, value: &[u8]) -> result_code;
    fn delete_state(&self, key: &str, field: &str) -> result_code;
    fn delete_state_from_key(&self, key: &str) -> result_code;

    /// new_iterator range of [startKey, limitKey), front closed back open
    fn new_iterator(
        &self,
        start_key: &str,
        limit_key: &str,
    ) -> Result<Box<dyn ResultSet>, result_code>;

    /// new_iterator_with_field range of [key+"#"+startField, key+"#"+limitField), front closed back open
    fn new_iterator_with_field(
        &self,
        key: &str,
        start_field: &str,
        limit_field: &str,
    ) -> Result<Box<dyn ResultSet>, result_code>;

    /// new_iterator_prefix_with_key_field range of [key+"#"+field, key+"#"+field], front closed back closed
    fn new_iterator_prefix_with_key_field(
        &self,
        key: &str,
        field: &str,
    ) -> Result<Box<dyn ResultSet>, result_code>;

    /// new_iterator_prefix_with_key range of [key, key], front closed back closed
    fn new_iterator_prefix_with_key(&self, key: &str) -> Result<Box<dyn ResultSet>, result_code>;
}


pub trait SqlSimContext {
    fn execute_query_one(&self, sql: &str) -> Result<EasyCodec, result_code>;
    fn execute_query(&self, sql: &str) -> Result<Box<dyn ResultSet>, result_code>;

    /// #### ExecuteUpdateSql execute update/insert/delete sql
    /// ##### It is best to update with primary key
    ///
    /// as:
    ///
    /// - update table set name = 'Tom' where uniqueKey='xxx'
    /// - delete from table where uniqueKey='xxx'
    /// - insert into table(id, xxx,xxx) values(xxx,xxx,xxx)
    ///
    /// ### not allow:
    /// - random methods: NOW() RAND() and so on
    fn execute_update(&self, sql: &str) -> Result<i32, result_code>;

    /// ExecuteDDLSql execute DDL sql, for init_contract or upgrade method. allow table create/alter/drop/truncate
    ///
    /// ## You must have a primary key to create a table
    /// ### allow:     
    /// - CREATE TABLE tableName
    /// - ALTER TABLE tableName
    /// - DROP TABLE tableName   
    /// - TRUNCATE TABLE tableName
    ///
    /// ### not allow:
    /// - CREATE DATABASE dbName
    /// - CREATE TABLE dbName.tableName
    /// - ALTER TABLE dbName.tableName
    /// - DROP DATABASE dbName   
    /// - DROP TABLE dbName.tableName   
    /// - TRUNCATE TABLE dbName.tableName
    /// not allow:
    /// - random methods: NOW() RAND() and so on
    ///
    fn execute_ddl(&self, sql: &str) -> Result<i32, result_code>;
}


pub trait PaillierSimContext {
    // Paillier method
    fn add_ciphertext(
        &self,
        pubkey: Vec<u8>,
        ciphertext1: Vec<u8>,
        ciphertext2: Vec<u8>,
    ) -> Result<Vec<u8>, result_code>;
    fn add_plaintext(
        &self,
        pubkey: Vec<u8>,
        ciphertext: Vec<u8>,
        plaintext: &str,
    ) -> Result<Vec<u8>, result_code>;
    fn sub_ciphertext(
        &self,
        pubkey: Vec<u8>,
        ciphertext1: Vec<u8>,
        ciphertext2: Vec<u8>,
    ) -> Result<Vec<u8>, result_code>;
    fn sub_plaintext(
        &self,
        pubkey: Vec<u8>,
        ciphertext: Vec<u8>,
        plaintext: &str,
    ) -> Result<Vec<u8>, result_code>;
    fn num_mul(
        &self,
        pubkey: Vec<u8>,
        ciphertext: Vec<u8>,
        plaintext: &str,
    ) -> Result<Vec<u8>, result_code>;
}
/// BulletproofsSimContext is the trait that wrap the bulletproofs method
pub trait BulletproofsSimContext {
    /// Compute a commitment to x + y from a commitment to x without revealing the value x, where y is a scalar
    ///
    /// # Arguments
    ///
    /// * `commitment` - C = xB + rB'
    /// * `num` - the value y
    ///
    /// # return
    ///
    /// * `return1` - the new commitment to x + y: C' = (x + y)B + rB'
    ///
    fn pedersen_add_num(&self, commitment: Vec<u8>, num: &str) -> Result<Vec<u8>, result_code>;

    /// Compute a commitment to x + y from commitments to x and y, without revealing the value x and y
    ///
    /// # Arguments
    ///
    /// * `commitment1` - commitment to x: Cx = xB + rB'
    /// * `commitment2` - commitment to y: Cy = yB + sB'
    ///
    /// # return
    ///
    /// * `return1` - commitment to x + y: C = (x + y)B + (r + s)B'
    ///
    fn pedersen_add_commitment(
        &self,
        commitment1: Vec<u8>,
        commitment2: Vec<u8>,
    ) -> Result<Vec<u8>, result_code>;

    /// Compute a commitment to x - y from a commitment to x without revealing the value x, where y is a scalar
    ///
    /// # Arguments
    ///
    /// * `commitment1` - C = xB + rB'
    /// * `num` - the value y
    ///
    /// # return
    ///
    /// * `return1` - the new commitment to x - y: C' = (x - y)B + rB'
    fn pedersen_sub_num(&self, commitment: Vec<u8>, num: &str) -> Result<Vec<u8>, result_code>;

    /// Compute a commitment to x - y from commitments to x and y, without revealing the value x and y
    ///
    /// # Arguments
    ///
    /// * `commitment1` - commitment to x: Cx = xB + rB'
    /// * `commitment2` - commitment to y: Cy = yB + sB'
    ///
    /// # return
    ///
    /// * `return1` - commitment to x - y: C = (x - y)B + (r - s)B'
    fn pedersen_sub_commitment(
        &self,
        commitment1: Vec<u8>,
        commitment2: Vec<u8>,
    ) -> Result<Vec<u8>, result_code>;

    /// Compute a commitment to x * y from a commitment to x and an integer y, without revealing the value x and y
    ///
    /// # Arguments
    ///
    /// * `commitment1` - commitment to x: Cx = xB + rB'
    /// * `num` - integer value y
    ///
    /// # return
    ///
    /// * `return1` - commitment to x * y: C = (x * y)B + (r * y)B'
    fn pedersen_mul_num(&self, commitment: Vec<u8>, num: &str) -> Result<Vec<u8>, result_code>;

    /// Verify the validity of a proof
    ///
    /// # Arguments
    ///
    /// * `proof` - the zero-knowledge proof proving the number committed in commitment is in the range [0, 2^64)
    /// * `commitment` - commitment bindingly hiding the number x
    ///
    /// # return
    ///
    /// * `return1` - true on valid proof, false otherwise
    fn verify(&self, proof: Vec<u8>, commitment: Vec<u8>) -> Result<Vec<u8>, result_code>;
}

// 获取合约账户信息。该接口可从链上获取类别 “key” 下属性名为 “field” 的状态信息。
// @param key: 需要查询的key值
// @param field: 需要查询的key值下属性名为field
// @return: 查询到的value值，及错误代码 0: success, 1: failed
fn get_state(&self, key: &str, field: &str) -> Result<Vec<u8>, result_code>;

// 获取合约账户信息。该接口可以从链上获取类别为key的状态信息
// @param key: 需要查询的key值
// @return1: 查询到的值
// @return2:  0: success, 1: failed
fn get_state_from_key(&self, key: &str) -> Result<Vec<u8>, result_code>;

// 写入合约账户信息。该接口可把类别 “key” 下属性名为 “filed” 的状态更新到链上。更新成功返回0，失败则返回1。
// @param key: 需要存储的key值
// @param field: 需要存储的key值下属性名为field
// @param value: 需要存储的value值
// @return: 0: success, 1: failed
fn put_state(&self, key: &str, field: &str, value: &[u8]) -> result_code;

// 写入合约账户信息。
// @param key: 需要存储的key值
// @param value: 需要存储的value值
// @return: 0: success, 1: failed
fn put_state_from_key(&self, key: &str, value: &[u8]) -> result_code;

// 删除合约账户信息。该接口可把类别 “key” 下属性名为 “name” 的状态从链上删除。
// @param key: 需要删除的key值
// @param field: 需要删除的key值下属性名为field
// @return: 0: success, 1: failed
fn delete_state(&self, key: &str, field: &str) -> result_code;

// 删除合约账户信息。该接口可把类别 “key” 下属性名为 “name” 的状态从链上删除。
// @param key: 需要删除的key值
// @return: 0: success, 1: failed
fn delete_state_from_key(&self, key: &str) -> result_code;

// 跨合约调用
// @param contract_name: 合约名称
// @param method: 合约方法
// @param EasyCodec: 合约参数
fn call_contract(&self, contract_name: &str, method: &str, param: EasyCodec) -> Result<Vec<u8>, result_code>;

// @return: EasyCodec
fn args(&self) -> &EasyCodec;

// 该接口可返回属性名为 “key” 的参数的属性值。
// @param key: 获取的参数名
// @return: 获取的参数值 或 错误信息。当未传该key的值时，报错param not found
fn arg(&self, key: &str) -> Result<Vec<u8>, String>;

// 该接口可记录用户操作成功的信息，并将操作结果记录到链上。
// @param body: 成功返回的信息
fn ok(&self, value: &[u8]) -> result_code;

// 该接口可记录用户操作失败的信息，并将操作结果记录到链上。
// @param body: 失败信息
fn error(&self, body: &str) -> result_code;

// 该接口可记录事件日志。查看方式为在链配置的log.yml中，开启vm:debug即可看到类似：wasmer log>> + msg
// @param msg: 事件信息
fn log(&self, msg: &str);

// 获取合约创建者所属组织ID
// @return: 合约创建者的组织ID
fn get_creator_org_id(&self) -> String;

// 获取合约创建者角色
// @return: 合约创建者的角色
fn get_creator_role(&self) -> String;

// 获取合约创建者公钥
// @return: 合约创建者的公钥的SKI
fn get_creator_pub_key(&self) -> String;

// 获取交易发起者所属组织ID
// @return: 交易发起者的组织ID
fn get_sender_org_id(&self) -> String;

// 获取交易发起者角色
// @return: 交易发起者角色
fn get_sender_role(&self) -> String;

// 获取交易发起者公钥
// @return 交易发起者的公钥的SKI
fn get_sender_pub_key(&self) -> String;

// 获取当前区块高度
// @return: 当前块高度
fn get_block_height(&self) -> i32;

// 获取交易ID
// @return 交易ID
fn get_tx_id(&self) -> String;

// 发送合约事件
// @param topic: 合约事件主题
// @data: 合约事件数据，vertor中事件数据个数不可大于16，不可小于1
fn emit_event(&mut self, topic: &str, data: &Vec<String>) -> result_code;

/// new_iterator range of [startKey, limitKey), front closed back open
// 新建key范围迭代器，key前闭后开，即：start_key <= dbkey < limit_key
// @param start_key: 开始的key
// @param limit_key: 结束的key
// @return: 结果集游标
fn new_iterator(&self,start_key: &str,limit_key: &str) -> Result<Box<dyn ResultSet>, result_code>;

/// new_iterator_with_field range of [key+"#"+startField, key+"#"+limitField), front closed back open
// 新建field范围迭代器，key需相同，field前闭后开，即：key = dbdbkey and start_field <= dbfield < limit_field
// @param key: 固定key
// @param start_field: 开始的field
// @param limit_field: 结束的field
// @return: 结果集游标
fn new_iterator_with_field(&self, key: &str, start_field: &str, limit_field: &str) -> Result<Box<dyn ResultSet>, result_code>;

/// new_iterator_prefix_with_key range of [key, key], front closed back closed
// 新建指定key前缀匹配迭代器，key需前缀一致，即dbkey.startWith(key)
// @param key: key前缀
// @return: 结果集游标
fn new_iterator_prefix_with_key(&self, key: &str) -> Result<Box<dyn ResultSet>, result_code>;

/// new_iterator_prefix_with_key_field range of [key+"#"+field, key+"#"+field], front closed back closed
// 新建指定field前缀匹配迭代器，key需相同，field前缀一致，即dbkey = key and dbfield.startWith(field)
// @param key: key前缀
// @return: 结果集游标
fn new_iterator_prefix_with_key_field(&self, key: &str, field: &str) -> Result<Box<dyn ResultSet>, result_code>;