vue2进阶篇：vue-router之路由的query参数

原创

刘大猫

发布于 2024-10-13 21:59:04

950

发布于 2024-10-13 21:59:04

文章被收录于专栏：Vue2

@toc

10.5路由的query参数

注意点1：

问题：跳转路由并携带query参数的2种写法？

答案：

跳转路由并携带query参数，to的字符串写法：

<router-link :to="`/home/message/detail?id=${m.id}&title=${m.title}`">{{m.title}}</router-link>

跳转路由并携带query参数，to的对象写法

<router-link :to="{
		path:'/home/message/detail',
		query:{
			id:m.id,
			title:m.title
		}
}">
{{m.title}}
</router-link>

注意点2：

问题：说明注意点1中2种写法的区别？

答案：to的字符串写法太复杂，第1点to前面要加“：”冒号；第2点同时字符串要用符号（Tab上面的按键）包裹；第3点动态获取参数需要设置${m.id}。而to的对象写法就显得很简洁且方便。

注意点3：

问题：路由query方式传递的参数，其他组件如何获取？

答案：在$route.query中指定获取

案例：将案例改为“路由query参数实现方式”

要求：Home组件下有Message组件，Message组件下有一系列的a标签组件，点击a标签，请求展示不同信息，类似传递不同参数id，查询并展示不同信息。

完整代码

完整项目路径

main.js

//引入Vue
import Vue from 'vue'
//引入App
import App from './App.vue'
//引入VueRouter
import VueRouter from 'vue-router'
//引入路由器
import router from './router'

//关闭Vue的生产提示
Vue.config.productionTip = false
//应用插件
Vue.use(VueRouter)

//创建vm
new Vue({
	el:'#app',
	render: h => h(App),
	router:router
})

App.vue

<template>
  <div>
    <div class="row">
      <Banner/>
    </div>
    <div class="row">
      <div class="col-xs-2 col-xs-offset-2">
        <div class="list-group">
					<!-- 原始html中我们使用a标签实现页面的跳转 -->
          <!-- <a class="list-group-item active" href="./about.html">About</a> -->
          <!-- <a class="list-group-item" href="./home.html">Home</a> -->

					<!-- Vue中借助router-link标签实现路由的切换 -->
					<router-link class="list-group-item" active-class="active" to="/about">About</router-link>
          <router-link class="list-group-item" active-class="active" to="/home">Home</router-link>
        </div>
      </div>
      <div class="col-xs-6">
        <div class="panel">
          <div class="panel-body">
						<!-- 指定组件的呈现位置 -->
            <router-view></router-view>
          </div>
        </div>
      </div>
    </div>
  </div>
</template>

<script>
	import Banner from './components/Banner'
	export default {
		name:'App',
		components:{Banner}
	}
</script>

index.js

// 该文件专门用于创建整个应用的路由器
import VueRouter from 'vue-router'
//引入组件
import About from '../pages/About'
import Home from '../pages/Home'
import News from '../pages/News'
import Message from '../pages/Message'
import Detail from '../pages/Detail'

//创建并暴露一个路由器
export default new VueRouter({
	routes:[
		{
			path:'/about',
			component:About
		},
		{
			path:'/home',
			component:Home,
			children:[
				{
					path:'news',
					component:News,
				},
				{
					path:'message',
					component:Message,
					children:[
						{
							path:'detail',
							component:Detail,
						}
					]
				}
			]
		}
	]
})

About.vue

<template>
	<h2>我是About的内容</h2>
</template>

<script>
	export default {
		name:'About',
		/* beforeDestroy() {
			console.log('About组件即将被销毁了')
		},*/
		/* mounted() {
			console.log('About组件挂载完毕了',this)
			window.aboutRoute = this.$route
			window.aboutRouter = this.$router
		},  */
	}
</script>

Home.vue

<template>
	<div>
		<h2>Home组件内容</h2>
		<div>
			<ul class="nav nav-tabs">
				<li>
					<router-link class="list-group-item" active-class="active" to="/home/news">News</router-link>
				</li>
				<li>
					<router-link class="list-group-item" active-class="active" to="/home/message">Message</router-link>
				</li>
			</ul>
			<router-view></router-view>
		</div>
	</div>
</template>

<script>
	export default {
		name:'Home',
		/* beforeDestroy() {
			console.log('Home组件即将被销毁了')
		}, */
		/* mounted() {
			console.log('Home组件挂载完毕了',this)
			window.homeRoute = this.$route
			window.homeRouter = this.$router
		},  */
	}
</script>

News.vue

<template>
	<ul>
		<li>news001</li>
		<li>news002</li>
		<li>news003</li>
	</ul>
</template>

<script>
	export default {
		name:'News'
	}
</script>

Message.vue

<template>
	<div>
		<ul>
			<li v-for="m in messageList" :key="m.id">
				<!-- 跳转路由并携带query参数，to的字符串写法 -->
				<!-- <router-link :to="`/home/message/detail?id=${m.id}&title=${m.title}`">{{m.title}}</router-link>&nbsp;&nbsp; -->

				<!-- 跳转路由并携带query参数，to的对象写法 -->
				<router-link :to="{
					path:'/home/message/detail',
					query:{
						id:m.id,
						title:m.title
					}
				}">
					{{m.title}}
				</router-link>
			
			</li>
		</ul>
		<hr>
		<router-view></router-view>
	</div>
</template>

<script>
	export default {
		name:'Message',
		data() {
			return {
				messageList:[
					{id:'001',title:'消息001'},
					{id:'002',title:'消息002'},
					{id:'003',title:'消息003'}
				]
			}
		},
	}
</script>

Detail.vue

<template>
	<ul>
		<li>消息编号：{{$route.query.id}}</li>
		<li>消息标题：{{$route.query.title}}</li>
	</ul>
</template>

<script>
	export default {
		name:'Detail',
		mounted() {
			console.log(this.$route)
		},
	}
</script>

Banner.vue

<template>
	<div class="col-xs-offset-2 col-xs-8">
		<div class="page-header"><h2>Vue Router Demo</h2></div>
	</div>
</template>

<script>
	export default {
		name:'Banner'
	}
</script>

Index.html

<!DOCTYPE html>
<html lang="en">
  <head>
    <meta charset="utf-8">
    <!-- 针对IE浏览器的一个特殊配置，含义是让IE浏览器以最高的渲染级别渲染页面 -->
    <meta http-equiv="X-UA-Compatible" content="IE=edge">
    <!-- 开启移动端的理想视口 -->
    <meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width,initial-scale=1.0">
    <!-- 配置页签图标 -->
    <link rel="icon" href="<%= BASE_URL %>favicon.ico">
    <!--  引入第三方样式-->
    <link rel="stylesheet" href="<%= BASE_URL %>css/bootstrap.css">
    <!--  配置网页标题-->
    <title><%= htmlWebpackPlugin.options.title %></title>
  </head>
  <body>
    <!-- 当浏览器不支持js时noscript中的元素就会被渲染 -->
    <noscript>
      <strong>We're sorry but <%= htmlWebpackPlugin.options.title %> doesn't work properly without JavaScript enabled. Please enable it to continue.</strong>
    </noscript>
    <!-- 容器 -->
    <div id="app"></div>
    <!-- built files will be auto injected -->
  </body>
</html>