如何开发一套研发项目管理系统？（附架构图+流程图+代码参考）

Mermaid 格式
graph LR
  subgraph Client
    A[Web App (React/Vue)] -->|REST/GraphQL| B[API Gateway]
    C[Mobile / 小程序] -->|REST| B
    D[CI/CD Webhook] -->|Webhook| B
  end
  subgraph Backend
    B --> E[Auth Service]
    B --> F[Project & Issue Service]
    B --> G[Report Service]
    B --> H[Notification Service]
    B --> I[Integration Service (SCM/CI/Chat)]
  end
  subgraph Data
    F --> J[(Postgres)]
    G --> J
    E --> K[(Redis)]
    H --> L[(Message Queue e.g. RabbitMQ)]
    F --> M[(Object Storage S3)]
    F --> N[(Elasticsearch for search & analytics)]
  end
  subgraph Infra
    B --> O[Ingress / Load Balancer]
    O --> P[Kubernetes Cluster / Docker Hosts]
    P --> Q[Monitoring (Prometheus) & Logging (ELK)]
  end

flowchart LR
  A[提需求（业务/客户）] --> B[PM 评审]
  B -->|退回补充| C[补充需求]
  B -->|通过| D[拆解任务 + 估时]
  D --> E[排期到迭代/版本]
  E --> F[开发实现（Dev）]
  F --> G[提测（CI/PR）]
  G --> H[QA 验证]
  H -->|不通过| I[记录缺陷 -> 返回开发]
  H -->|通过| J[验收/上线]
  J --> K[反馈/关闭]

flowchart LR
  A[上报缺陷] --> B[初筛（是否重复/严重度判断）]
  B --> C[指派给负责人]
  C --> D[开发修复]
  D --> E[提交回归测试]
  E --> F{回归通过?}
  F -- 否 --> D
  F -- 是 --> G[关闭 & 写入修复说明]

-- users
CREATE TABLE IF NOT EXISTS users (
  id SERIAL PRIMARY KEY,
  username VARCHAR(64) NOT NULL UNIQUE,
  display_name VARCHAR(128),
  email VARCHAR(128),
  role VARCHAR(32),
  meta JSONB DEFAULT '{}' ,
  created_at TIMESTAMPTZ DEFAULT now()
);
-- projects
CREATE TABLE IF NOT EXISTS projects (
  id SERIAL PRIMARY KEY,
  name VARCHAR(200) NOT NULL,
  code VARCHAR(50),
  owner_id INT REFERENCES users(id),
  meta JSONB DEFAULT '{}',
  created_at TIMESTAMPTZ DEFAULT now()
);
-- issues (需求和缺陷共用表，用 type 区分)
CREATE TABLE IF NOT EXISTS issues (
  id SERIAL PRIMARY KEY,
  project_id INT REFERENCES projects(id),
  type VARCHAR(20) NOT NULL, -- 'requirement' | 'bug'
  title VARCHAR(300) NOT NULL,
  description TEXT,
  status VARCHAR(50) NOT NULL,
  priority VARCHAR(10),
  severity VARCHAR(10),
  reporter_id INT REFERENCES users(id),
  assignee_id INT REFERENCES users(id),
  version VARCHAR(50),
  labels TEXT[],
  ext JSONB DEFAULT '{}',
  created_at TIMESTAMPTZ DEFAULT now(),
  updated_at TIMESTAMPTZ DEFAULT now()
);
-- reports (日报/周报存档)
CREATE TABLE IF NOT EXISTS reports (
  id SERIAL PRIMARY KEY,
  project_id INT REFERENCES projects(id),
  report_date DATE NOT NULL,
  type VARCHAR(20), -- 'daily'|'weekly'
  content JSONB,
  created_at TIMESTAMPTZ DEFAULT now()
);

// server.js (简化示例)
const express = require('express');
const bodyParser = require('body-parser');
const { Pool } = require('pg');
const pool = new Pool({ connectionString: process.env.DATABASE_URL || 'postgres://user:pass@localhost:5432/pm' });
const app = express();
app.use(bodyParser.json());
// 获取项目的 issues（可用于看板）
app.get('/api/projects/:id/issues', async (req, res) => {
  const { id } = req.params;
  try {
    const { rows } = await pool.query('SELECT * FROM issues WHERE project_id=$1 ORDER BY updated_at DESC LIMIT 1000', [id]);
    res.json(rows);
  } catch (err) {
    console.error(err);
    res.status(500).json({ error: 'db error' });
  }
});
// 新建 issue（需求/缺陷）
app.post('/api/issues', async (req, res) => {
  const { project_id, type, title, description, reporter_id, assignee_id, priority, severity, version } = req.body;
  const sql = `INSERT INTO issues (project_id,type,title,description,status,priority,severity,reporter_id,assignee_id,version) 
               VALUES($1,$2,$3,$4,'new',$5,$6,$7,$8,$9) RETURNING *`;
  const vals = [project_id, type, title, description, priority || 'P2', severity || 'S2', reporter_id, assignee_id, version];
  try {
    const { rows } = await pool.query(sql, vals);
    res.json(rows[0]);
  } catch (err) {
    console.error(err);
    res.status(500).json({ error: 'insert error' });
  }
});
app.listen(3000, () => console.log('Server running on 3000'));

// KanbanColumn.jsx
import React from 'react';
export default function KanbanColumn({ title, issues, onMove }) {
  return (
    <div style={{ width: '300px', marginRight: '12px' }}>
      <h3>{title} ({issues.length})</h3>
      <div>
        {issues.map(issue => (
          <div key={issue.id} style={{ border: '1px solid #eee', padding: '8px', marginBottom: '8px', borderRadius: '6px', background:'#fff' }}>
            <div style={{ fontWeight: '600' }}>{issue.title}</div>
            <div style={{ fontSize: '12px', color:'#666' }}>优先：{issue.priority} 负责人：{issue.assignee_id || '未指派'}</div>
            <div style={{ marginTop: '8px' }}>
              <button onClick={() => onMove(issue.id, 'next')}>移动</button>
            </div>
          </div>
        ))}
      </div>
    </div>
  );
}

// dailyReport.js
const { Pool } = require('pg');
const pool = new Pool({ connectionString: process.env.DATABASE_URL });
async function generateDailyReport(dateStr) {
  const sql = `
    SELECT project_id,
      SUM(CASE WHEN type='requirement' AND status='done' AND date_trunc('day', updated_at) = $1::date THEN 1 ELSE 0 END) as req_done,
      SUM(CASE WHEN type='bug' AND date_trunc('day', created_at) = $1::date THEN 1 ELSE 0 END) as bug_new
    FROM issues
    GROUP BY project_id
  `;
  const { rows } = await pool.query(sql, [dateStr]);
  // 简化：把 rows 存到 reports 表
  for (const r of rows) {
    await pool.query('INSERT INTO reports (project_id, report_date, type, content) VALUES ($1,$2,$3,$4)', [r.project_id, dateStr, 'daily', r]);
  }
  return rows;
}
// 用 cron 或云厂商定时触发
generateDailyReport(new Date().toISOString().slice(0,10)).then(r => console.log('done', r)).catch(console.error);